1. Vehicular trаumа Lecture 5. Assоciative-professor Valentin V. Franchuk

2. Plan of the presentation  Definition concerning vehicular trauma  Classification of vehicular trauma  Forensic signs of vehicular trauma  Forensic diagnostics of the certain kinds of vehicular trauma

3. Forensic definition of vehicular trauma  vehicular trauma means an association of mechanical actions of vehicle that moves to human body and certain injuries that formed.

4. Classification of vehicular trauma ( according to А.Мuhanov (Ternopil, 1974) Vehicular trauma By external parts of the car Knock down Run over a body sliding Association of them By internal parts of the car Driver's trauma Passenger's trauma

5. Forensic diagnostics of vehicular trauma  Specific signs- Pattern-injuries (are found only in road accident)  Typical signs (are found very often in road accident, but sometimes – in other trauma)

6. Specific signs (pattern injuries)  An imprint of hexagonal bolt on the skin of dead pedestrian

7. Typical signs of vehicular trauma  Numerous and different injuries  Deformation of the body  Imprints of the clothes on the skin  Ruptures of the skin  Location of the injuries more than 2 anatomic regions  Great abrasions on the skin  Internal injuries are more sever than external

8. Knock down by a car  Knock down by a car – is knock down of pedestrian by external parts of motor-car that moved

9. The main stages of knock down  1. previous impact  2. falling down on a car  3. falling down on the ground  4. sliding on the road

10. Bumper - fracture

11. Bumper - injury  Bumper injuries (abrasions and hematomas of the cruses) – typical sign of knock down

12. Typical signs of knock down  Great abrasion of the face

13. Typical signs of knock down  Signs of general contusion and ruptures of the skin

14. Run over a body  Tire marks on the skin – specific sign of run over a body

15. Typical sign of run over a body  Deformation of the head

16. Typical signs of run over a body  Numerous ruptures of the liver

17. Typical signs of run over a body  Imprints of the clothes on the skin  Degloving of the skin  Symmetric fractures of the ribs  Dislocation of internal organs  Ruptures of the skin

18. Typical signs of run over a body  Ecchymoses in the eyes

20. Driver’s trauma  An imprint of dash board on the skin

21. Driver’s trauma (typical signs)  Fractures of the ribs caused by steering wheel

22. Driver’s trauma (typical signs)  Injuries of lower extremities of the driver

23. Driver’s trauma (typical signs)  Location on anterior parts of the body  Cervical fractures of the spinal cord  Fractures of the facial bones  Fractures of the legs

24. Driver’s trauma (typical signs)  Numerous wounds and abrasions of the driver’s face

25. Дякую за увагу!