2. Chapter 14.1 Body Organization and Homeostasis

3. POINT > Define Anatomy and Physiology POINT > Describe the organization of the body POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems POINT > Describe homeostasis

4. POINT > Define Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy is the study of body structures, their names and their relationships to one another Physiology is the study of the function of cells, tissues and organs

5. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Chemical level – atoms combined to form molecules Cellular level – cells are made of molecules Tissue level – consists of similar types of cells Organ level – made up of different types of tissues Organ system level – consists of different organs that work closely together

6. 1 Molecules Atoms Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

7. 1 2 Smooth muscle cell Molecules Atoms Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

8. 1 2 3 Smooth muscle cell Molecules Atoms Smooth muscle tissue Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

9. 1 2 4 3 Smooth muscle cell Molecules Atoms Smooth muscle tissue Epithelial tissue Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Blood vessel (organ) Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

10. 1 2 4 5 3 Smooth muscle cell Molecules Atoms Smooth muscle tissue Epithelial tissue Heart Blood vessels Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Blood vessel (organ) Cardiovascular system Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Organ system level Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely. Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

11. 1 2 4 5 6 3 Smooth muscle cell Molecules Atoms Smooth muscle tissue Epithelial tissue Heart Blood vessels Smooth muscle tissue Connective tissue Blood vessel (organ) Cardiovascular system Cellular level Cells are made up of molecules. Tissue level Tissues consist of similar types of cells. Organ level Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Organ system level Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely. Organismal level The human organism is made up of many organ systems. Chemical level Atoms combine to form molecules. POINT > Describe the organization of the body Figure 1.1

12. CHECK: What is physiology? What is anatomy? What is the lowest level of body organization? What is the highest level of body organization?

13. POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems What is the Cell Theory? 1.All living things are composed of one or more cells. 2.Cells are the basic units of life. 3.Cells come only from other cells.

14. POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems

15. Four main tissue types: 1. Nervous tissue - nerves and brain cells 2. Connective tissue - bone, cartilage, fat and blood 3. Muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac 4. Epithelial tissue - skin, surface of digestive tract/organs

16. POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems

17. CHECK: What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory? What are the 4 main types of tissues? What is an example of connective tissue? What is an example of epithelial tissue?

18. POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems Organs are complex structures made of different tissues Organs perform complex functions (ex. heart, liver, spleen, brain, pancreas, lungs, etc)

19. POINT > Review the basics of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems Organ systems: groups of organs that work together to perform body functions (ex. nervous system, circulatory system)

20. CHECK: What is an organ? What is an organ system?

21. POINT > Describe homeostasis Homeostasis is the tendency of the body to maintain a constant internal environment (temperature, pH, blood glucose levels, etc) Organ systems work together to achieve homeostasis

22. POINT > Describe homeostasis Much of the energy from the food you eat goes for homeostasis

24. CHECK: What is homeostasis?

25. Homework: Read pages 468-473 Complete the Study Guide Section Assessment p 473 GRAS pages 187-190