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JFK and the Cold War HW Quiz 1.What was the name of JFK ’ s program to give financial aid to Latin American countries? 2.What happened to Cuba ’ s government.

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Presentation on theme: "JFK and the Cold War HW Quiz 1.What was the name of JFK ’ s program to give financial aid to Latin American countries? 2.What happened to Cuba ’ s government."— Presentation transcript:

1 JFK and the Cold War HW Quiz 1.What was the name of JFK ’ s program to give financial aid to Latin American countries? 2.What happened to Cuba ’ s government in 1959? 3.What incident make JFK look bad, embarrassed the United States, and increased tension with Cuba? 4.What was constructed in Germany during JFK ’ s presidency that served as a symbol of Cold War tension? 5.What incident brought the United States and Cuba to the brink of nuclear war?  Bonus (10 points): What New Deal agency was created to build dams and provide electricity to people in poor areas? (spell out the name!)

2 Cold War Tensions Rising and the Space Race Goal 11

3 Essential Idea  Cold War tension almost rose to nuclear war during Kennedy ’ s administration.

4 Brinkmanship  Eisenhower ’ s Foreign Policy: Brinkmanship  What it meant: go to the brink of nuclear war, then back off  What Critics said: this is a DANGEROUS policy  How Brinkmanship was useful: Eisenhower threatened China with nukes, which helped “ end ” the Korean War

5 Cold War Tension Rising  Event: Sputnik was launched  What happened: In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first space satellite  Some people worried that the Soviets were launching spy satellites

6 Sputnik Inspires Fear  Others worried that the next Soviet rocket would carry a nuclear weapon, not a satellite  Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev announced that the Soviets would “ bury capitalism ” (and said that future American generations would live under communism)

7 Eisenhower and Khrushchev  Event: The U-2 Incident  What happened: Eisenhower and Khrushchev agreed to a meeting to ease tension  Just before the meeting, Soviets shot down an American U-2 spy plane

8 The U-2 Incident  Eisenhower denied it was a spy plane until Khrushchev produced the pilot, Francis Gary Powers  Eisenhower would not apologize, and the meeting was cancelled

9 Election of 1960  Election of 1960:  The Election was between Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy  The Debates  For the first time, the presidential debates were televised  Election of 1960- Power of Television Election of 1960- Power of Television

10 Kennedy ’ s Inaugural Address  Impact of Television: On TV, Kennedy looked “ more presidential ”  Winner of the Election: Kennedy ’ s TV image helped him win the election

11 The Space Race  The Space Race: the race between the Soviet Union and the United States to explore space first  Significance #1: if the Soviets won, the world might think communist was stronger than democracy  Significance #2: space race technology could be used to build better war weapons

12 The Space Race  NASA: this government agency was created to research and build space technology  John Glenn: the first American to orbit the Earth  Neil Armstrong: the first human to walk on the moon (no other country ever has)  Result: The United States “ won ” the space race by landing on the moon first

13 Castro ’ s Revolution in Cuba  The Cuban Revolution: In 1959, Fidel Castro led a successful overthrow of the Cuban government  Castro then formed an alliance with the Soviet Union, and Cuba became communist

14 Worries about Cuba  This threatened the containment policy, especially since Cuba is only 90 miles from Florida

15 The Bay of Pigs Incident  Bay of Pigs Incident: The American Government wanted to overthrow Cuba without going to war  The CIA secretly trained Cuban exiles and transported them to the Bay of Pigs, Cuba

16 The Bay of Pigs Incident  The overthrow failed, the government plot was exposed, and the United States looked weak

17 Trouble in Berlin  The Berlin Wall:  Khrushchev was tired of East Berlin citizens moving to West Berlin  He demanded that democratic nations abandon West Berlin, but Kennedy refused

18 The Berlin Wall  Khrushchev built the Berlin Wall to split the city  The Berlin Wall was fortified with guards, barbed wire, and mines

19 The Cuban Missile Crisis  The Cuban Missile Crisis:  In 1962, American spy planes photographed Soviet missile sites in Cuba

20 The Cuban Missile Crisis  Kennedy ordered a naval blockade of Cuba and demanded that the Soviets stop constructing missile sites  Construction continued, and nuclear war seemed imminent  Kennedy’s Address Kennedy’s Address

21 Tensions Finally Ease  Kennedy and Khrushchev Come to an Agreement:  Kennedy agreed to remove American missile site on the Turkey/Soviet border and promised not to invade Cuba  Khrushchev agreed to remove missile sites in Cuba

22 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty  Nuclear Test Ban Treaty – the United States and Soviet Union agreed to end nuclear testing

23 The Kennedy Assassination  The Event: JFK was assassinated while on a trip in Dallas, Texas  The Arrest: Authorities arrested Lee Harvey Oswald

24 The Assassin is Assassinated  The Assassin Killed:  Two days later, Oswald was killed by Jack Ruby  The Impact: a young president with a lot of potential was gone  The New President:  Lyndon B. Johnson

25 Chief Justice Earl Warren  Earl Warren:  Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the 1950s and 1960s

26 Expanding the Rights of Individuals Major Case #1: Brown v. Board of Education – ended school segregation

27 Defining the Rights of the Accused  Major Case #2: Gideon v. Wainwright – everyone gets a lawyer, even if they cannot afford one  Major Case #3: Miranda v. Arizona – police must read your rights during an arrest

28 Significance of the Warren Court  Defined the rights of the accused and expanded the rights of individuals


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