1. Classical Conditioning DAY 2 AP PSYCH

2. Review

3. Time is important ▪ Usually must have repeated pairings of the UCS and NS to produce and CR. – If Pavlov rang the bell then gave the dogs the meat one time, they would not learn the association. – Sometimes once is enough (food illness, traumatic experience) ▪ UCS must shortly follow NS. – If Pavlov rang the bell, then did not give the dogs the meat until minutes, even hours later, an association would not occur.

4. More discoveries of Pavlov ▪ Extinction – the weakening of a conditioned response in the absence of an unconditioned stimulus. – After Pavlov rang the bell many times without giving the dogs any food, eventually they stop the association. ▪ Spontaneous Recovery – The reappearance of an extinguished condition response after a time delay. – Pavlov stops ringing the bell. Days later he rings the bell and the dogs salivate.

5. Even more discoveries of Pavlov Generalization ▪ The extension of a learned response to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus. – Pavlov’s dogs respond to a tone with a different pitch. – You are afraid of all spiders or all dogs after a bad experience with just one type. Discrimination ▪ Not responding to stimuli that are similar to the CS. – Taught dogs to respond to one tone but not another. (one tone was followed by food, the other was not) – You puke after eating a chocolate milkshake, so you hate them. Strawberry milkshakes are okay though.

6. Food Aversions ▪ Are unique ▪ Bad experience with a food can classically condition us to hate/feel sick when we eat that food. ▪ Unlike most learned CC, food aversions may only need one experience to be long lasting. ▪ Are partially learned, partially an innate survival disposition. ▪ Chemotherapy

7. Poor Little Albert ▪ John Watson ▪ “Albert” Conditioned to fear white rats (loud sound paired with rat) – UCS = loud soundUCR = fear – NS = rat --  CS = rat CR = fear ▪ Generalized to other furry objects – Santa Claus mask, fur coat http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZPXVb0W3Hc

8. Review of Classical Conditioning ▪ An association between the UCS and NS is formed ▪ The NS becomes a CS after being paired with the UCS. ▪ Applications – many fears and phobias are the result of Classical Conditioning. ▪ READ ABOUT CC AND COYOTES IN TEXTBOOK.