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Partnership for ecosystem management and science April 07 2016 PIFSC Ivor Williams, PhD Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Ecosystem Sciences Division.

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Presentation on theme: "Partnership for ecosystem management and science April 07 2016 PIFSC Ivor Williams, PhD Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Ecosystem Sciences Division."— Presentation transcript:

1 Partnership for ecosystem management and science April 07 2016 PIFSC Ivor Williams, PhD Coral Reef Ecosystem Program Ecosystem Sciences Division

2 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Herbivore Management at Kahekili HFMA, Maui 1999 2005

3 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Keka‘a Point (Black Rock) Keka‘a Point (Black Rock) Honokowai Beach Park Honokowai Beach Park N Prohibited: Removing or killing any surgeon fish, parrotfish, or chub Removing or killing any sea urchins Fish feeding Allowed Activities: Fishing/removing all other legally harvested marine life Using bait and/or other attractants while legally fishing The Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area

4 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA) Macroalgae

5 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Parrotfish Biomass +135% Surgeonfish Biomass + 28% All accumulation of biomass on fished size range > 20cm Fish Assemblages

6 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Protection effect as: Only herbivores increased No change in Parrotfish at 6 comparative sites (not shown)

7 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Benthos Dramatic increase in CCA at KHFMA No CCA change at comparative sites around Maui Coral cover declining at time of creation ~3 years after closures, stabilized Small increase in coral cover 2012 to early 2015 arrested by bleaching events in 2014 & 15

8 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Clear evidence of positive reef community change FISH: Recovery of herbivores, particularly some parrotfishes BENTHOS: Greatly increased CCA, Coral cover stabilized Compliance an issue Looking forward Full effects will take time Severe bleaching event in MHI 2015 – abundant herbivores important for recovery Impacts of herbivore management at KHFMA

9 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Effectiveness of Guam Marine Preserves Guam MP created in 1997 (16% of habitat) May-June 2011: 52 RAMP; 81 shore-based No differences in habitat quality between MP and open Mean reef fish biomass MP 2.4* open area (95%CI:1.5-3.5) significant differences for parrotfish, surgeonfish, piscivores Rare and vulnerable species more frequently encountered in preserves

10 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Context provided by RAMP 1.Biomass in preserves comparable to remote portions of archipelago 2. Parrotfish assemblage northern islands dominated by large-bodied species southern islands dominated by small-bodied species 3. Guam marine preserves have both

11 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Other Projects Hawaii DAR … Parrotfish assessment Samoa DMWR … Climate Vulnerability … Community MMA Assessment American Samoa Marine Sanctuaries … Baseline Assessment

12 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Success & Challenges Strong partnerships, particularly Hawai‘i and Samoa Potential for using RAMP to provide context and comparison data Focus on key current issue – resilience and herbivory Soft money Limited success at building working relations in Guam & CNMI Future Directions MHI – resilience and recovery from bleaching Pooling local and national monitoring data w/ jurisdictional partners

13 U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | NOAA Fisheries | Ecosystem Sciences Division External Review | April 2016 Communications Papers In Review Williams ID, White DJ, Sparks RT, Lino KC, Kelly, ELA, Ramey HL, in review, Responses of herbivorous fishes and benthos to 6 years of herbivore protection at the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, Maui, PLoS ONE. Kelly ELA, Eynaud Y, Clements S. Sparks RT, Williams ID, Smith JE, in review, Investigating functional redundancy versus complementarity in Hawaiian herbivorous coral reef fishes, Oecologia. NOAA Admin and Data Reports Williams ID, Ma H, 2013. Estimating catch weight of reef fish species using estimation and intercept data from the Hawaii Marine Recreational Fishing Survey. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Administrative Report H-13-04. Williams ID, Zamzow JP, Lino KC, Ferguson MA, Donham E, 2012. Status of coral reef fish assemblages and benthic condition around Guam: A report based on underwater visual surveys in Guam and the Mariana Archipelago, April-June 2011. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-33. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries,2015. Results Brief: 5 Years of Protection at Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC Data Report, DR- 15-018. Management Support Evidence from Kahekili significant component of case for more stringent bag and size limits for Parrotfishes around Maui. Hawaii Admin Rule 13-95.1-1 November 2014. Data Management and Analysis for Hawaii DAR monitoring data: 4 Data Reports; >20 Public Presentations, Briefs to DLNR and Legislature.

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