1. BBY 464 Semantic Information Management (Spring 2016) Data and Metadata Management Yaşar Tonta & Orçun Madran [yasartonta, orcunmadran]@gmail.com Hacettepe University Department of Information Management

2. Semantic Web

3. Web 3.0 = Web 2.0 + Semantic Web Social semantic Web Meaning Locating and fusing information automatically Performing basic reasoning Source: Mark Greaves, Peter Mika. Semantic Web and Web 2.0, In J. Web Sem., 6(1):1-3, 2008Peter MikaSemantic Web and Web 2.0

4. Metadata Structured description for all types of information resources Tagging (web content) Metadata is – artificial (no metadata in the nature) – Constructive (can be used to solve problems) – Actionable (can be used to meet some info needs) Source: Glushko, 2013

5. Metadata Artificial Constructive Actionable

6. DNA Metadata Source: Coyle, 2010

7. http://www.techlicious.com/blog/google-photos-gorilla-african-american-blunder/

9. Comparing fields Source: http://classes.slis.lsu.edu/wu/7410/sp13/jfrench/HW2.pdf

10. MARC to DC Crosswalk Source: http://classes.slis.lsu.edu/wu/7410/sp13/jfrench/HW2.pdf

13. XML-RDF Converter

14. Chapter 3/14 Copyright © 2004 A Data Modeling Process Steps in the data modeling process – Plan project – Determine requirements – Specify entities – Specify relationships – Determine identifiers – Specify attributes – Specify domains – Validate model

15. Chapter 3/15 Copyright © 2004 Validating Model Data model is a model of humans’ models, not a model of reality A data model is wrong if it does not accurately reflect the ways the users think about their world Data models are validated through a series of reviews – Normally, a team review is followed by user reviews E-R model as well as prototypes of forms and reports may be used to communicate to users features of the data model

16. Chapter 2/16 Copyright © 2004 E-R Model Entity-Relationship model is a set of concepts and graphical symbols that can be used to create conceptual schemas Four versions – Original E-R model by Peter Chen (1976) – Extended E-R model: the most widely used model – Information Engineering (IE) by James Martin (1990) – IDEF1X national standard by the National Institute of Standards and Technology – Unified Modeling Language (UML) supporting object-oriented methodology

17. Chapter 2/17 Copyright © 2004 Example: E-R Diagram

18. Chapter 2/18 Copyright © 2004 Binary Relationships 1:1 1:N N:M

19. Chapter 3/19 Copyright © 2004 Example: Identifying Connection Relationships

20. Chapter 3/20 Copyright © 2004 Example: University System

22. Chapter 2/22 Copyright © 2004 IDEF1X Standard IDEF1X (Integrated Definition 1, Extended) was announced as a national standard in 1993 It defines entities, relationships, and attributes in more specific meanings It changed some of the E-R graphical symbols It includes definition of domains, a component not present in the extended E-R model Four Relationship Types – Non-Identifying Connection Relationships – Identifying Connection Relationships – Non-Specific Relationships – Categorization Relationships Products supporting IDEF1X: ERWin, Visio, Design/2000

23. Chapter 2/23 Copyright © 2004 Example: IDEF1X

24. Chapter 2/24 Copyright © 2004 UML-style E-R Diagrams The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a set of structures and techniques for modeling and designing object-oriented programs (OOP) and applications The concept of UML entities, relationships, and attributes are very similar to those of the extended E-R model Several OOP constructs are added: – indicates that the entity class exist in the database – UML allows entity class attributes – UML supports visibility of attributes and methods – UML entities specify constraints and methods in the third segment of the entity classes Currently, the object-oriented notation is of limited practical value

25. Chapter 2/25 Copyright © 2004 Example: UML

26. Chapter 2/26 Copyright © 2004 Example: UML

27. Chapter 2/27 Copyright © 2004 Example: UML

28. Database

29. Dictionary for a Database

30. Object Relational Database

31. ER & OO Schemas

32. Dictionary for an ER Model

33. Dictionary for an OO Model

34. Four parts of dictionary

35. Supermodel in the metalevel directory

36. Description of some models in the dictionary

37. Model-generic dictionary based on supermodel

38. Semantic Web – Layered Architecture