1. Formation Formation What do you think the Romans are doing? What is the purpose of this?

2. The Roman Army

3. Romans Rebel In 509 B.C. under the rule of the last Etruscan King the Roman’s rebel. In 509 B.C. under the rule of the last Etruscan King the Roman’s rebel. Rome ended the Monarchy once and for all and set up a Republic. Rome ended the Monarchy once and for all and set up a Republic.

4. The Republic A republic is a form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but someone put into office by citizens with the right to vote. A republic is a form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but someone put into office by citizens with the right to vote. SPQR stands for a Latin Phrase which means “The Senate and People of Rome”. SPQR stands for a Latin Phrase which means “The Senate and People of Rome”.

5. Italy, 500 B.C. Fighting Italy, 500 B.C. Fighting When Rome becomes a republic, it was still a small city, surrounded by enemies. When Rome becomes a republic, it was still a small city, surrounded by enemies. For the next 200 years, the Romans fight war after war against their neighbors. For the next 200 years, the Romans fight war after war against their neighbors.

6. Fighting The Roman Republic 509-270 B.C. Continues In 338 B.C. they finally defeated the other Latins living nearby. In 338 B.C. they finally defeated the other Latins living nearby. Next they attack the Etruscans and defeat them in 284 B.C. Next they attack the Etruscans and defeat them in 284 B.C. By 267 B.C. the Romans had conquered the Greeks in Southern Italy. By 267 B.C. the Romans had conquered the Greeks in Southern Italy. With this the Romans became the masters of almost all of Italy. With this the Romans became the masters of almost all of Italy.

7. Why was Rome so Strong? Answer: Because the Romans were excellent Soldiers!!

8. How was the Roman Army organized? Main part of the army was the LEGION Main part of the army was the LEGION This was made up of 6000 men under the command of one general. This was made up of 6000 men under the command of one general.

9. Organizing the Army The legion was divided into ten sections The legion was divided into ten sections Each section was made up of six centuries Each section was made up of six centuries The centuries were commanded by a centurion The centuries were commanded by a centurion Centuries originally had 100 men Centuries originally had 100 men

10. Role of the Centurions The centurions were very important men The centurions were very important men They were responsible for training the soldiers under their command and making sure everyone obeyed orders. They were responsible for training the soldiers under their command and making sure everyone obeyed orders. Some were very cruel Some were very cruel If you were a deserter you would be killed. If you were a deserter you would be killed.

11. Standard bearers Each century had its own emblem or standard. Each century had its own emblem or standard. In battle, standards helped keep units together because the soldiers could see them above the action. In battle, standards helped keep units together because the soldiers could see them above the action. This was carried by the standard bearer, a very experienced and trusted soldier This was carried by the standard bearer, a very experienced and trusted soldier To lose your standard was a great disgrace To lose your standard was a great disgrace

13. How to become a Legionary! To become a Legionary you had to be a Roman citizen To become a Legionary you had to be a Roman citizen You had to be physically fit and at least 5’3 feet tall You had to be physically fit and at least 5’3 feet tall Over time, the enlistment requirement went from 6 to 20 years. Over time, the enlistment requirement went from 6 to 20 years.

14. Training Most soldiers joined between 18-20 years old Most soldiers joined between 18-20 years old There were three 18.6 mile marches each month There were three 18.6 mile marches each month On each march the legionary would carry 55 pounds of equipment On each march the legionary would carry 55 pounds of equipment New recruits were given shields and swords twice as heavy as the real thing! New recruits were given shields and swords twice as heavy as the real thing!

15. Military What would cause you to join to the military and why? What would cause you to join to the military and why?

16. The Tortoise

18. Repel Calvary

19. The Last Stand