1. GENETICS AND CHROMOSOMES: What you wanted to know but did not know you wanted to know yet. Alabama Course of Study: 8A, 11A, 11B

2. Describing the relationship between traits and heredity. Before we get started, list five traits that you believe you inherited from a family member. After you do that, go around the room and see if you can find three people that also inherited the same trait in their family. Write their names by your trait. When you are finished, return to your desk

3. Describing the relationship between traits and heredity. Read pages 120-122 in your book. (10 minutes) Once you have done that, write a paragraph that describes the relationship between traits and heredity. (5minutes) Be ready to share your paragraph.

4. Describing the relationship between traits and heredity. Traits are passed down from parent to offspring through heredity. Both parents give certain traits to the offspring. The traits that are expressed by the offspring show the different combinations of dominant and recessive traits. These combinations, in humans, make a unique individual!

5. Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits. Read pages 117-119. (10 minutes) Write a small paragraph in your own words about the differences in dominant and recessive traits. (5 minutes) Turn to the person sitting beside of you, share your ideas and combine your thoughts into a new paragraph to share. (5 minutes)

6. Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits. A dominant trait is the one observed in the first generation of plants that have different traits are bred. In the second generation, and generations past that, a recessive trait may appear. It was not seen in the first generation. The dominant trait covers up the recessive one. The dominant one is the one that the offspring inherits.

7. Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits. Crash Course: Heredity

8. Use information on a Punnett Square Videos on Punnett Squares Mendelian Genetics A Beginner's Guide to Punnett Squares

9. Use information on a Punnett Square First, we need to know what homozygous and heterozygous mean, so lets define them. Let’s say that the gene for brown eyes is B, using this information, how would these be written: 2 dominant 2 recessive I of each

10. Use information on a Punnett Square We will use this square to draw Punnett Squares!!

11. Explain how probability can be used to predict possible genotypes in offspring Read p.122-124 Write out the entire math focus problem on page 123 and answer it. Now, if I gave you a coin and asked you to flip it 50 times, how many times should it land on heads? Let’s get a coin and test your theory.

12. Explain how probability can be used to predict possible genotypes in offspring Make a pie chart showing your result. Then write a few sentences describing whether your thoughts about your coin flipping would be correct.

13. Explain how probability can be used to predict possible genotypes in offspring What are the possibilities that these results could happen? You flip a coin, the coin lands heads 2 straight times? You flip a coin, it lands on heads 3 straight times? You roll a die two times, it rolls a 6 on both rolls?

14. 3 exceptions to Mendel’s observations Read from page 124-125 and list the 3 exceptions and what they are. Incomplete dominance is where an allele does not have a degree of influence. One gene can control many traits Many genes can control one trait

15. Explain how probability can be used to predict possible genotypes in offspring Why is environment important? Your environment can make your skin and hair different. Dry environments can make your hair brittle. More sun can cause your skin to be come darker. Living near the sea can cause you to eat more fish, which can make your heart healthier.

16. CONCEPT 2 Identify how genes work

17. Explain the relationship between DNA, genetics and proteins Read p. 148 Answer the following questions: What does DNA look like? Wrapped around proteins, coiled into strands, and then bundled even more. If there is no nucleus, then the strand of DNA makes a lump. The structure of DNA allows it to hold information (the gene is what consist of a string of nucleotides that carry specific information about how to make a trait.

18. Explain the relationship between DNA, genetics and proteins How many genes do humans have? Over 30,000 Read pages 150-152 How is the DNA code read? From 1 end to the other and in one direction Some forms of RNA help in what process? Changing the DNA code into proteins

19. Identify what Transfer RNA Molecules Transfer What do the transfer RNA molecules transfer? Amino acids to the ribosome Draw figure 2 on page 150.

20. Explain why genetic disorders exist

21. What causes Sickle Cell Anemia Read page 153 What causes sickle cell anemia? It is caused by a mutation in a single nucleotide of DNA, which then causes the wrong amino acid to be assembled in a protein used in blood cells.

22. What are some advantages to genetic engineering? Read page 154 What are some advantages to Genetic Engineering? Scientist may created new products, such as drugs, food, or fabrics. They may also produce proteins that may help people with genetic disorders to help them live a healthier life.

23. What is a clone? Define what a clone is. Do you think that it is ok to clone a human? Write 5 points for or against your position in your notebook. We will share these with others in the class.

24. What is down syndrome? Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes lifelong mental retardation, developmental delays and other problems. Down syndrome varies in severity, so developmental problems range from moderate to serious. also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.