1. The GALILEO Project C ă lin A. Ur INFN Sezione di Padova on behalf of the GALILEO collaboration

2. Outline General remarks Physics case Status of the project Milestones 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 2

3. Gamma–ray spectroscopy at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 3 GASP – 1992 40 HPGe (80%) + AC  ph (1.3MeV) ~ 3% (@ 27 cm) ~ 6% (@ 22 cm) P/T ~ 60% high–spin states populated in fusion–evaporation reactions a brief history

4. Gamma–ray spectroscopy at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 4 a brief history EUROBALL – 1997–1998 European Collaboration 15 cluster detectors + AC 26 clover detectors + AC 30 tapered detectors + AC  ph (1.3MeV) ~ 9% P/T ~ 50 high–spin states populated in fusion–evaporation reactions

5. Gamma–ray spectroscopy at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 5 a brief history CLARA – 2004–2008 European Collaboration 26 clover detectors + AC  ph (1.3MeV) ~ 3% P/T ~ 50% Coupled to the PRISMA magnetic spectrometer neutron–rich nuclei populated In MNT and deep inelastic reactions

6. Gamma–ray spectroscopy at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 6 nowadays AGATA D – 2010 European Collaboration 5 triple cluster detectors segmented detectors tracking array  ph (1.3MeV) ~ 6% Coupled to the PRISMA magnetic spectrometer

7. Gamma–ray spectroscopy at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 7 sometime in the future GALILEO – 2012 European Collaboration new gamma–ray array take advantage of the recent development for AGATA preamplifiers, digital sampling, preprocessing, DAQ use of existing detectors EB cluster detectors capsules packed in triple clusters GASP detectors

8. The heavy ions accelerators at LNL 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 8 SC Booster ALPI XTU-Tandem PI Injector PIAVE 14.6 MV low–beta upgrade by July 2012 upgrade new beams

9. Physics case INFN Sezione di Padova INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro INFN Sezione di Milano INFN Sezione di Firenze Univerita degli Studi di Padova Universita degli Studi di Milano Universita degli Studi Firenze Institut fur Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln The Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Krakow, Poland CSNSM/IN2P3/CNRS, Orsay, France INRNE, BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain Institut fur Kernphysik, Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Germany CISC and Departamento de Fisica Teorica C-IX, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain Physik-Department E12, Technische Universitat Munchen, Garching, Germany IPHC, Strasbourg, France Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada TRIUMF, Vancouver, B.C., Canada Horia Hukubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest–Magurele, Romania Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto de Fisica, Sao Paulo, Brasil University of Warsaw, Poland School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 9 2009 – call for Letters of Intent and very recently, a collaboration between ORGAM and GALILEO is developing for the use of the cluster detectors

10. Physics case 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 10 The main topics: - structure of N~Z nuclei - isospin symmetry - study of neutron–rich nuclei - exotic decay of high–spin states - nuclear structure close to 100 Sn - cluster and highly deformed states in sd–shell nuclei - giant resonances and warm rotations - symmetries and shape–phase transitions in nuclei - shape coexistence in neutron–deficient nuclei - misure di fattori giromagnetici

11. The GALILEO array Main ingredients ◦ the capsules of the EUROBALL cluster detectors ◦ the GASP tapered detectors 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 11

12. The capsules of the EB cluster detectors 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 12 15 x 7– cluster detectors (GSI–RISING array) encapsulated n–type HPGe detectors FWHM < 2.4 keV @ 1332.5 keV  int ~60% @ 1332.5 keV common cryostat HV/LV/FE independent New triple cryostat

13. The GASP tapered detectors 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 13 40 n–type HPGe detectors FWHM < 2.4 keV @ 1332.5 keV  int ~80% @ 1332.5 keV P/T ~ 25% ( 60 Co source) 40 BGO anti–Compton shields P/T ~ 60% ( 60 Co source)

14. GALILEO – ongoing R&D activities MECHANICS Development of the triple cryostat ◦ end–cap ◦ dewar ◦ internal cabling ◦ optimizing the thermal conduction (LN 2 consumption) Design of the anti–Compton shield ◦ recovery of the individual EB cluster BGO crystals Design of the holding structure ◦ more space for ancillary detectors ◦ flexible configuration (modifiable target–detectors distance, easy mounting of ancillary detectors) Design of the mechanical structure for G.GALILEO ◦ g–factor measurement setup 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 14

15. The triple cryostat 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 15 dewar end–cap in Carbon fiber Zeolites container cold finger capsules front–end electronics (warm part) Technical design is ready started the prototype building

16. The AC shield for the triple cryostat 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 16 Drawings of the original EB cluster AC shield Investigated the possibility to re–use the single BGO crystals

17. Anti–Compton shield for GALILEO 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 17  a proposal for the construction of the triple cluster AC shield out of the individual crystals of the original EB cluster shield → one can build only one new shield from the original one  recently moved one EB cluster AC shield to Legnaro → investigate the possibility of safely dismounting the crystals and phototubes

18. Assembled triple cluster detector 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 18 GEANT4 by E.Farnea P/T ~ 40% Need of shared suppression among neighboring detectors to improve P/T

19. Mounting of the triple clusters 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 19

20. GALILEO – GEANT4 simulation 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 20 GEANT4 by E.Farnea Definition of the new triple cluster detectors  symmetrical coverage of the solid angle (ang. distr., DSAM)  good granularity  at 90 o detectors have relatively lower solid angle aperture  anti–Compton shields  for GASP detectors already available  for the triple clusters new AC shields  Limited impact on the array performance when dismounting the first ring of detectors to allow insertion of ancillary detectors  ph ~ 8% P/T ~ 50% Mixed configuration 30 GASP detectors @ 22.5cm 5 5 5 5 5 5 29 o 51 o 59 o 121 o 129 o 151 o 10 triple cluster @ 24cm 90 o

21. Holding structure of the array 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 21 Design by C.Fanin

22. GALILEO – location 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 22 Experimental Hall II – replacing GASP

23. GALILEO – location 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 23 Experimental Hall II – replacing GASP

24. GALILEO – location 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 24 Experimental Hall II – replacing GASP

25. GALILEO – ongoing R&D activities ELECTRONICS  New electronics is being built in close synergy with AGATA ◦ new cold part (AGATA FET) ◦ use solutions already developed for AGATA  core type preamplifiers  differential output  one single range but extended to ~ 10 MeV  suitable also for the GASP detectors (mechanics, FET, AC/DC)  no pulser  GTS  AGAVA interface with the VME electronics (colab. With Kracow) ◦ new developments for AGATA and GALILEO  low power digitizers  readout and preprocessing on PCI express boards ◦ anti–Compton shields signal readout  digital (similar to the Ge detectors) 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 25

26. Readout and preprocessing – purpose 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 26

27. Readout and preprocessing – test 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 27 Evaluation board for VIRTEX6 Implemented Energy Reconstruction Algorithm D.Bortolato

28. Readout and preprocessing – test 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 28 Prototypes ready by September 2011 D.Bortolato

29. GALILEO and Ancillary Detectors 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 29 Study of weak reaction channels or weakly populated structures Light charged particles detectors Neutron detectors Binary reactions fragment detectors Recoil detectors High–energy  –ray detectors Fast timing detectors high efficiency + high resolving power EUCLIDES LuSiA TRACE n–Ring N–Wall NEDA RFD SPIDER DANTE MW–PPAC LaBr 3 Lifetime measurement Cologne Plunger HECTOR HECTOR+ PARIS Prototype

30. GALILEO and Ancillary Detectors 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 30 Study of weak reaction channels or weakly populated structures Light charged particles detectors Neutron detectors Binary reactions fragment detectors Recoil detectors High–energy  –ray detectors Fast timing detectors high efficiency + high resolving power EUCLIDES LuSiA TRACE n–Ring N–Wall NEDA RFD SPIDER HECTOR HECTOR+ PARIS Prototype DANTE MW–PPAC LaBr 3 Lifetime measurement Cologne Plunger

31. Milestones Technical design of the triple cryostat – ready ◦ First prototype – November 2011 ◦ Second prototype – March 2012 Readout board prototype – September 2011 Digitizer prototype – December 2011 Preamplifiers (cold and warm) production – December 2011 Holding structure design definition – July 2011 technical design – beginning of 2012 Definition of the anti–Compton shield – November 2011 Production (cryostats, anti–Compton shields, electronics, holding structure) – 2012 Construction of new detectors (MW–PPAC) and completion of the g– factor measurement setup – 2013 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 31

32. Invitation Nuclear Structure Symposyum at Padova in June 2013 after INPC at Florence 27/6/2011 EGAN 2011 Padova July 26 - 30, 2011 32