1. The Atmosphere: Part 7: The Extratropical Circulation
Composition / Structure
Radiative transfer
Vertical and latitudinal heat transport
Atmospheric circulation
Climate modeling
Suggested further reading:
Holton, An Introduction to Dynamical Meteorology (Academic Press, 1979)

2. Roles of atmosphere and ocean
net
ocean
atmosphere
Trenberth & Caron (2001)

3. Circulation in our 2D modelΩ
f > 0
f = 0
f < 0

5. Plenty of APE in middle and high latitudes
Hadley Cell
T = Te
Plenty of APE in middle and high latitudes

6. Experiment on rotating table with imposed temperature gradient
cold water bath
hot water bath
working fluid
rotating turntable

7. Rapid rotation — baroclinic instability

10. Atmospheric heat transport
tropics — direct overturning
extratropics — eddy transport

11. Atmospheric heat transport}
Warm air upward and poleward
Cold air downward and equatorward
Efficient poleward heat transport

13. Roles of atmosphere and ocean
net
ocean
atmosphere
Trenberth & Caron (2001)

14. Angular momentum budget
Low level westerlies — loss of
AM to surface through friction
Low level easterlies — gain of
AM from surface through friction

15. Atmospheric angular momentum transport

16. Observed angular momentum transport
total
transient eddies
stationary eddies
(mean circulation)

17. Eddy angular momentum transport