1. Under the Guidance of Mrs Meenakshi H.N, Associate Professor, Dept. of CS&E, VVIET, Mysore. Presented By Renukaprasad P S 4VM11CS407 8 th Sem Virtual LAN 1

2. CONTENTS  HISTORY  WHY USE VLAN’S ?  WHAT IS VLAN?  LAN Vs VLAN  STEPS TO IMPLEMENT A VLAN  SINGLE-SWITCH VLAN  MULTI-SWITCH VLAN  BENEFITS OF VLANS  DRAWBACKS OF VLANS  CONCLUSION  REFERENCES 2

3. NETWORKS A network is a set of devices(often referred as node) connected by communication link.... 3

4. CATEGORIES OF NETWORK - LAN(local area network) Normally covers area less than 2 miles Speed are normally 100 to 1000Mbps WAN(wide area network) WAN can be world wide MAN(metropolitan area network) Network which size between LAN & WAN Normally span tens of miles 4

5. Local Area Networks (LAN) Generally defined as a broadcast domain. “Hubs, bridges, or switches on the same physical segment or segments connect end node devices” A router is not needed for end nodes on the same LAN segment to communicate with each other. However a router is necessary for these devices to communicate with devices on other LAN segments. 5

6. Why use VLAN’s ? 6

7. Why use VLAN's? To the left, a LAN environment connected by routers Drawback: Routers add latency that delays the transmission of data Solution? Switched Network 7

8. Why use VLAN's? To the right, a LAN environment connected by switches. Speed and latency advantages. Drawback: All end nodes (or hosts) are in same broadcast domain, which adds to the network a significant amount of traffic that is seen by all hosts. Solution? VLANs 8

9. So what is a VLAN? 9

10. VLAN VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network. A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain regardless of their physical location.  Configured through software rather than hardware. So it is extremely flexible. VLANS create broadcast domains. 10

11. Broadcast Domain? A broadcast domain is a network segment in which any network device can transmit data directly to another device without going through a router 11

12. LAN Vs VLAN VLANs allow a network manager to logically segment a LAN into different broadcast domains. Since this is a logical segmentation and not a physical one, workstations do not have to be physically located together. Users on different floors of the same building, or even in different buildings can now belong to the same LAN. 12

13. Traditional LAN A traditional LAN would require all users of the same requirements and same IP subnet (broadcast domain) be connected to the same equipment 13

14. Virtual LAN By utilizing VLANs, the same users can be spread out over various geographical locations and still remain in their same IP subnet (broadcast domain). A VLAN is a broadcast domain created by one or more switches. The network design above creates three separate broadcast domains. 14

15. Steps to implement a VLAN 15

16. Single-Switch VLAN VLAN operates only inside one switch There are different types of Single-Switch VLAN: Layer 1(Port-based) Layer 2(MAC-based) Layer 3(Protocol-based) Layer 4(Application-based)

17. 17 Application Based Uses the type of application indicated by port number in the TCP packet in combination with the network layer addresses to form the VLAN groups Very complex process

18. Multi-Switch VLAN Works the same way as a Single-Switch VLAN, except: Several switches are used Switches must be able to send packets among themselves in a way that identifies the VLAN to which the packet belongs.

19. Benefits of VLANs Geographically separated users on the same IP subnet (broadcast domain). Limit the size of broadcast domains and limit broadcast activity. Security benefits by keep hosts separated by VLAN and limiting what devices can talk to those hosts. Cost savings as you don’t need additional hardware and cabling. Operational benefits because changing a user’s IP subnet (Broadcast Domain) is in software. 19

20. Drawbacks of VLANs  Costs May need to hire new employee to manage Management complexity New users may encounter new problems they are not familiar with If users are located on different floors of a building common resources (such as a printer) could be in inconvenient locations 20

21. Conclusion VLANs are cost and time-efficient. VLAN can reduce network traffic, and provide an extra measure of security. A VLAN is configured by software, not by hardware(physically wiring). 21

22. References "VLAN Information." UCDavis Network 21. 06 Mar. 2006. "VLAN." 06 Mar. 2006. "Answers.com." Virtual LAN. 06 Mar. 2006. "Network World Research Center." VLAN (Virtual LAN). 06 Mar. 2006. 22

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