1. Create a Table at the End of your notes:
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Has organelles in the cytoplasm
No Nucleus
Bacteria
Has a nucleus

2. What is an Organelle?? Organelle = “little organ”
A specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
What are some organelles we have already discussed in class?

3. Organelles of the Cell Review…
Cell Wall
In plant cells, but not animal cells
Provides support and protection for the cell: ridged, strong, stiff
Made mostly of cellulose: a tough carbohydrate fiber
Comparable to farm fence: keeps the cell (dairy cow herd) safe from the outside environment.

4. Cell Membrane Thin, flexible barrier around the cell
Regulates what enters & leaves the cell
In both plants & animal cells
Provides support, protection & controls movement of materials in & out of cell
Comparable to a farm gate: keeps some things off the dairy while allowing some things to pass through.

5. Cytoplasm Material inside the cell membrane, not including nucleus
In plant & animal cells
Supports & protects cell organelles
Comparable to a pasture/field/open space on a dairy farm: contains the parts of the cell.

6. Nucleus Inside the cell; contains genetic material
Controls cells activities
In plant AND animal cells
The control center of the dairy farm is the farm office!!

7. Nucleolus (Nucleoli) Small, dense region within the nucleus
Where DNA is stored
In plant AND animal cells
Nucleolus is comparable to FARM RECORDS on a dairy farm… Because?

8. Nuclear Envelope Surrounds the nucleus, double membrane
Controls movement of materials in & out of nucleus
In plant AND animal cells
It is the fence around the dairy farm office. Why is that?

9. Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)
Network of tubes or membranes – smooth and rough
where parts of the cell’s membrane are assembled and carries materials through the cell.
In both plant and animal cells
On a dairy farm, these would be pens and corrals because…

10. Ribosome
Free bodies found throughout the cytoplasm or bound to the E.R.
Produces proteins
In both animal and plant cells
Compared to a dairy cow: Dairy cows produce milk just like ribosomes produce protein!
Protein

11. Mitochondria Bean-shaped with inner membranes
Breaks down sugar molecules into energy; POWER STATIONS!
In both animal and plant cells
Much like a dairy manure digester that collects methane gas from manure and uses it to generate electricity.

12. Golgi Body/Apparatus
Modifies, sorts, & packages proteins for storage in the cell or release outside of the cell.
Appears to be folded
Plant & animal cells
Comparable to a dairy products processing plant: where cheese, milk, other dairy products are packaged and shipped out!

13. Vacuole Vacuole Fluid-filled sacs Store food, water, waste
Plant cells have a few, large vacuoles while animal cells have many small ones

14. Lysosome
Lysosome
Helps break down materials into smaller molecules that can be used by the cell
Small, Round with a membrane
Plant & animal cells
What breaks down material on a dairy farm?

15. Chloroplasts
Green, oval, usually containing chlorophyll (green pigment)
Uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis)
In plant cells NOT animal cells
Can be comparable to solar energy panels. Why is this?

16. Plant Cell
Animal Cell

17. Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Endoplasmic Reticulum

18. Cell Theory
Organelle
Cell
Nucleus

19. Mighty Mitochondria!!
Play Video

20. Lynette the Lysosome

21. Directions… READ CAREFULLY!
With your partner…
Use your organelle table to help you fill in the cell superhero chart
Questions 7-11 must be related to agriculture in some way
What are some examples of this?
Sketch what you want your superhero to look like in the box provided on your handout.
Label the parts and use color.
When your superhero handout is completely filled in and your drawing is completed, labeled, and colored you will take it to Ms. Senff to be stamped.
Only after your paper has been stamped will you get the materials you need to create your cell superhero.

22. Cell Theory
Plant Cell
Nucleus
Eukaryote
Animal Cell
Organelle
Prokaryote
Nucleolus

23. Golgi Body E.R. Cell Wall Vacuole Cell Membrane Lysosome Chloroplast
Mitochondria
cytoplasm
Ribosome