1. The Sectional Crisis Chapter 14 1848 - 1860

2. Read Page 391 How ugly had the division in America become? How ugly had the division in America become? What were the factors involved? What were the factors involved?

3. Compromise of 1850 Compromise of 1850 would buy the Union another decade before secession Compromise of 1850 would buy the Union another decade before secession In the 1840s most Northerners were not abolitionists, they just believed slavery to be backwards, or an aristocratic act In the 1840s most Northerners were not abolitionists, they just believed slavery to be backwards, or an aristocratic act Since States were given the power to decide on allowing slavery, abolitionists spent their energy on federally controlled territories slave status Since States were given the power to decide on allowing slavery, abolitionists spent their energy on federally controlled territories slave status

4. Zachary Taylor was elected President in 1848, he favored a quick creation of states in California, Arizona, and New Mexico, and let them decide about slavery Zachary Taylor was elected President in 1848, he favored a quick creation of states in California, Arizona, and New Mexico, and let them decide about slavery Upon his death Millard Fillmore became President and sided with Henry Clay’s Compromise of 1850 Upon his death Millard Fillmore became President and sided with Henry Clay’s Compromise of 1850 To appease the South for California being made a free state, Northern states agreed to return run away slaves as a part of the Compromise To appease the South for California being made a free state, Northern states agreed to return run away slaves as a part of the Compromise

5. Politics of The Mid 1800s Both Dems and Whigs tried to stay away from the issue of slavery Both Dems and Whigs tried to stay away from the issue of slavery Democrats push to continue expansion lead to fight over slavery in new territories Democrats push to continue expansion lead to fight over slavery in new territories Whigs had become a weak and divided party Whigs had become a weak and divided party The Free Soil party was evolving into the Republican Party The Free Soil party was evolving into the Republican Party

6. New Immigrants tended to be Catholic and voted Democrat New Immigrants tended to be Catholic and voted Democrat Dem Franklin Pierce wins a landslide election for the Presidency in 1852 pg.397 Dem Franklin Pierce wins a landslide election for the Presidency in 1852 pg.397 Illinois / Dem Senator Stephen Douglass’ attempting at annexing Kansas and Nebraska in 1854 created a political firestorm (map pg. 398) Illinois / Dem Senator Stephen Douglass’ attempting at annexing Kansas and Nebraska in 1854 created a political firestorm (map pg. 398)

8. The other major issue of the day was the fear of more immigration from Europe The other major issue of the day was the fear of more immigration from Europe Know Nothing Party was anti-immigration and captured control of several state governments, but had little effect on national politics Know Nothing Party was anti-immigration and captured control of several state governments, but had little effect on national politics

9. Dred Scott Decision Just as James Buchanan became President in 1857, the Supreme Court under the leadership of Chief Justice Roger Taney ruled that runaway slave Dred Scott nor any other African American could be considered a citizen and granted rights by the Constitution Just as James Buchanan became President in 1857, the Supreme Court under the leadership of Chief Justice Roger Taney ruled that runaway slave Dred Scott nor any other African American could be considered a citizen and granted rights by the Constitution

10. Debating the Morality of Slavery Read pg. 407 Lincoln / Douglass debate for the Illinois Senate seat Read pg. 407 Lincoln / Douglass debate for the Illinois Senate seat John Brown’s 1859 raid at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia was viewed as a threat to the Southern way of life, and a creation of the abolitionist movement John Brown’s 1859 raid at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia was viewed as a threat to the Southern way of life, and a creation of the abolitionist movement Harriet Beecher Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” created an image in the North of brutal treatment of slaves in the South Harriet Beecher Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” created an image in the North of brutal treatment of slaves in the South

11. The Big Mess 1. Which was better capitalistic exploitation of immigrants or slavery? 1. Which was better capitalistic exploitation of immigrants or slavery? 2. If the slaves were free, what should be done with them? 2. If the slaves were free, what should be done with them? 3. Which was better the agri-way of life, or the urban? 3. Which was better the agri-way of life, or the urban? 4. Arrogance of both sides 4. Arrogance of both sides 5. Lack of understanding of each other, media had painted an extreme picture of both 5. Lack of understanding of each other, media had painted an extreme picture of both 6. Both sides tended to look down on the African slaves as humans 6. Both sides tended to look down on the African slaves as humans

12. Election of 1860 Box pg. 413 Box pg. 413 Two separate Democratic candidates allowed Lincoln a majority even though he was not even on the ballot in the South Two separate Democratic candidates allowed Lincoln a majority even though he was not even on the ballot in the South Abe Lincoln came to office determined to keep the union together Abe Lincoln came to office determined to keep the union together Read last three paragraphs pgs. 414 - 415 Read last three paragraphs pgs. 414 - 415