1. Imperialism India & South East Asia

2. Forces Enabling African and Indian Imperialism (Review-Slide) European technilogical superiority –? Europeans had the means to control their empires –? African and Indian disunity –? Fill in the blanks. Think of the last set of notes

3. India Exploration Vasco da Gama in 1498 established a sea route from Europe to India Dutch, British, Portuguese, and French would build settlements in port cities throughout the region. Who was the first to establish a sea route to India? Which countries built settlements?

4. The Mughal Empire  At first able to keep Europeans away  But by 1707 the Mughal Empire began to be divided by small states.  The British East India company comes in and wins exclusive trading rights  What happened in India that allowed Europeans to come in?

5. British in India British East India company controlled much of India Sepoys – Native Hindu or Muslim soldiers Crops: opium poppies for sale in China and cotton and tea for sale in the rest of the British empire Cotton textile making outlawed in India India was so profitable, it was called the “Jewel in the Crown or brightest Jewel” How did the British control India? What did they do?

6. Muslim and Hindu soldiers believed they were being forced to violate their religion by using cartridges greased by animal fat. Why did the Sepoy’s rebel against the British? Sepoy Rebellion 1857

7. The Sepoy Rebellion was put down India became a British possession. This is known as the Raj in 1858 & ruled India for 200 yrs using a Viceroy They changed many aspects of Indian life. How did the Sepoy Rebellion change India?

8. The British built roads, bridges, railroads, telegraph wires, hospitals, introduced new medicines, increase in population BUT…. Positives

9. More people without an increase in economic opportunities. Indians focused on Cash crops to make money Negatives

10. The British looked down on Indians and their culture Treated as inferior Indian workers provided the British with cheap labor. Do you think the positives out weighed the negatives? Why or why not Negatives

11. Changes in India Ram Mohun Roy Called for reforms in India and ban –Widow suicide (sati) –Child marriages –Caste system Led to Nationalism (pride in country) Two groups formed –Indian National Congress –Muslim League  What changes have been brought to India?

12. Pacific Rim Southeast Asia and the islands on the edge of the Pacific Ocean. perfect for plantation agriculture Sugar, coffee,cocoa, rubber, coconuts, bananas, and pineapples What is the Pacific Rim? And why was it sought after by Europeans? What crops were grown in the plantations?

13. Dutch Dutch East India Co. go to southeast Asia in1602 Discover oil, & tin + want rubber plantations Dutch who moved to Indonesia thought of Indonesia as their home. –set up a class system –Dutch at the top. –Wealthy and educated Indonesians next –Plantation workers at the bottom. Explain the Dutch social system that was set up in Indonesia

14. British Compete with Dutch take the port of Singapore plus Malaysia and Burma (modern Myanmar). Singapore as a base for trade, busiest ports. Demand for tin & rubber Need workers encouraged Chinese to move to Malaysia. Malaysians minority in their own country Why did the British go to Singapore and Malaysia? What is one of the world’s busiest ports

15. France Indochina (modern Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam). The French ruled Indochina directly –push French culture on the Indochinese The French did not encourage industry. Rice became a major crop. Vietnamese grew more rice but ate less because so much rice was sent out What countries were a part of Indochina? How did the French control Indochina, what did this mean?

16. United States After the Spanish-American War control Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine Islands. American businesses took advantage of Filipino workers. Hawaii was a port to China and India U.S. businessmen gained wealth & power from sugar plantations in Hawaii In 1898, it became a territory of the United States. Important crops were sugar, bananas, pineapple When did the United States gain land? Why was Hawaii important to the U.S?

17. Conflict Filipinos led by Emilio Aguinaldo fought for their freedom claimed independence in 1898 The United States defeated the rebels but promised to give self-rule later, not until 1946 In 1893, Queen Liliuokalani tried to regain control of her country for the people. American businessmen overthrew her & declared a republic. How did countries try and rebel against U.S. rule?

18. Siam/Thailand The French and British did not want the other to control Siam. The Siamese kings played the French and British against one another to remain free of both nations. King Mongkut and his son modernized Siam. –started schools –reformed the government –built railroads and telegraph lines –ended slavery. How did the king of Siam modernize his country?

19. Impact Colonialism brought some modern life to these regions. Economic change benefited Europeans more than the local people. schooling, health, and sanitation did improved. Millions of people migrated to new regions Mix of cultures did not always go smoothly.