1. INTRODUCTORY MENTAL HEALTH NURSING Donna M. Womble 2005

2. Chapter 19: Psychopharmacology

3. Pharmacologic Agents and Mental Illness Psychotherapeutic drug agents –Symptomatic treatment –Psychotropic drugs –Effects on neurotransmitters –Lipid-solubility of brain barrier

4. Classification of Drug Agents Antianxiety agents Antidepressants Antimanic agents Antipsychotic agents Antiparkinson (anticholinergic) agents

5. Drug-Related Information for the Nurse Desired therapeutic effect Side effects Adverse effects Normal dosage ranges Indications for use/contraindications Nursing diagnoses Nursing interventions Client/family teaching Outcome evaluation

6. Antianxiety (Anxiolytic) Agents Indications for use –Anxiety and anxiety disorders –Acute alcohol withdrawal –Skeletal muscle spasms –Convulsive and seizure disorders –Status epilepticus –Preoperative sedation

7. Therapeutic Antianxiety Agents Antihistamines Benzodiazepines Propanediols Miscellaneous

8. Antidepressants Indications for use –Major depression –Dysthymic and bipolar disorders –Childhood disorders –Obsessive-compulsive disorders –ADHD –Panic disorder –Chronic pain –Associated organic diseases

9. Antidepressant Drug Agents Tricyclic antidepressants Heterocyclics Serotonin-specific Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Nonselective Reuptake Inhibitors Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

10. Mood Stabilizing Drug Agents Indications for use –Manic episodes associated with bipolar disorders –Bipolar maintenance therapy –Migraine headaches –Schizoaffective disorders

11. Mood Stabilizing Drug Agents Antimanic –Lithium carbonate Anticonvulsants Calcium-channel blocker

12. Antipsychotic Agents Indications for use –Acute and chronic psychosis –Mania –Dementia-induced psychosis –Intractable hiccups –Control of tics and vocal disturbances Adverse reactions and side effects –Anticholinergic effects –Extrapyramidal side effects

13. Antipsychotic Drug Agents Phenothiazines Risperidone (Risperdal) Haloperidol (Haldol) Loxipane (Loxitane) Clozapine (Clozaril) Quetiapine (Seroquel) Molindone (Moban) Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Thiothixene (Navane)