1. Sino-Finland PISA Seminar 1 June 2012 Education in Hong Kong - China Education Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government

2. Welcome

3. Contents Education overview Education reform Higher education Multiple pathways - Vocational education and Qualification Framework

4. Education Overview

5. Some Facts Population: 7.1 million (mid-2011) Area: 1 104 sq km 9 year free & universal basic education - 6 year primary & 3 year junior secondary 12 year free education - up to senior secondary Kindergarten education – non-compulsory private sector system with government providing assistance School places at primary and secondary levels are mainly provided by public sector schools (government and aided schools)

6. Some Facts (2) Primary One and Secondary One school places in public sector schools are centrally allocated through the Primary One Admission System and the Secondary School Places Allocation System Territory-wide system assessment at end of Key Stages 1, 2 and 3 (i.e. P3, P6 and S3) From 2012, S6 leavers will sit for the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination Public examinations are administered by the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority

7. Normal Age (Qualifications) 22 (Degree) 3 Kindergarten (K1 - K3) Primary (P1 – P6) Junior Secondary (S1 - S3) Senior Secondary (S4 – S6) Universities (Yr 1 – Yr 4) Post-graduate courses Post-secondary courses Project Yi Jin Vocational education courses Overview of Education System 2012 18 (Secondary) 15 (Basic Education) 12 (Primary) 6

8. Kindergarten Education A non-compulsory private sector system, with government enabling all school-aged children to have access to KG education by – providing direct fee subsidy to parents (voucher scheme) – providing financial support to needy families – assisting with rents & rates for non-profit making KGs In Sept 2011, about 157 400 children enrolled in 946 kindergarten, with about 11 060 teachers teaching All kindergarten principals and teachers are required to meet professional qualifications for appointment

9. Primary Education In Sept 2011, there are 568 primary schools, and about 80% are public sector schools About 322 900 students are enrolled in primary schools, and about 82% are in public sector schools The no. of teachers is 21 880, in which 94% are degree holders For public sector primary schools, the average class size is 28.1 and 97.1% of teachers are trained. The student-teacher ratio is 14.9:1

10. Secondary Education In Sept 2011, there are 524 secondary schools, and ab out 76% are public sector schools About 467 100 children are enrolled in secondary schools, and about 84% are in public sector schools The no. of secondary school teachers is 31 500, in which 98% are degree holders For public sector secondary schools, the average class size is 33.4 and 94.8% of teachers are trained. The student-teacher ratio is 15.3:1

11. Special Education Students with special educational needs are integrated in ordinary schools and they have the same choice of schools as other students. In Sept 2011, some 28 600 students with special educational needs were studying in public sector ordinary primary and secondary schools Students with severe learning difficulties and multiple disabilities are offered places in special schools for more intensive support. There are 60 special schools, 20 with boarding facilities Gifted students are helped to develop their capabilities through different programmes, including school-based whole-class or pull-out mode, as well as off-site support

12. Education Expenditure Total Government expenditure (2011/12 Approved Estimates) ：  $68.7 billion  18.5% of total government budget  3.7% of GDP

13. Education Expenditure (2012-13 Estimates) Total: $79.1 billion (20.1% of total Government expenditure; 4.0% of GDP) Recurrent: $59.7 billion (22.6% of recurrent Government expenditure) $15.7 billion of recurrent expenditure on higher education (26.2% of recurrent expenditure on education) % of recurrent expenditure by level

14. Education Reform

15. HKALE (last cohort in 2012) S6 S7 Other pathways HKALE (last cohort in 2012) HKCEE (last cohort in 2010) Secondary 1 Secondary 2 Secondary 3 Secondary 4 Secondary 5 HKCEE (last cohort in 2010) New Academic Structure 2012 1st HKDSEE DOUBLE cohort year Senior Secondary 3 Senior Secondary 2 Senior Secondary 1 Secondary 1 Sep 2009 Secondary 2 Secondary 3 Secondary 4 Secondary 5 Secondary 6 New Senior Secondary (NSS) 1st cohort of graduates (2016) 4-year Degreeprogramme Other pathways New Academic Structure Old Academic Structure Other pathways 3-year Degreeprogramme

16. 16 The New Academic Structure Why is it better for Hong Kong? 1.Each student is better prepared for whole-person development & life-long learning according to diverse interests, talents & aptitude 2.Society would continue to enhance its human capital to increase Hong Kong’s competitiveness as an international city 3.Hong Kong be part of the global education system with alignment of structure (12+4), smoother pathways to local and overseas studies, student exchange between HK & other countries

17. 17 You’ll see a different student ! Under the NAS, the student will - Have greater learning agility; Have stronger key soft skills (critical & creative thinking, self-learning, inter-personal skills …); and Be more proactive … … because of The NAS broad-based knowledge What the student has learnt / developed … Learning to learn capabilities Liberal Studies to develop independent & critical thinking Electives to catering for diverse Talents & Stretching Potentials Applied Learning (Electives) to respond to HK’s needs Other Learning Experiences to develop core competencies

18. Higher Education 18

19. Post-secondary Participation Rate (2001/02–2010/11) 19

20. Sub-degree Intake (2001/02–2010/11) 20

21. Degree Intake (2001/02–2010/11) 21

22. Higher Education AY 2010/11UGC-fundedThe Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts (Publicly-funded) Vocational Training Council @ locally accredited self-financing Sub-degree programs4 70019 90052 200 Degree programs56 100400-17 000 Taught postgraduate programs 1 200- 35 400 # Research postgraduate programs 6 200- Total66 20040019 900104 600 （ @ excluding self-financing programmes ） （ # Including part-time programmes ） In 2010/11, the participation rate in post-secondary education for the 17-20 age cohort increased to more than 60% 22

23. 1.The University of Hong Kong (founded in 1911; the former Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese) 2.The Chinese University of Hong Kong (founded in 1963) 3.The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (founded in 1991) 4.City University of Hong Kong (restructured in 1994) 5.Hong Kong Baptist University (restructured in 1994) 6.The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (restructured in 1994) 7.The Hong Kong Institute of Education (five education institutions merged in 1994) 8.Lingnan University (restructured in 1999) 17 Degree-awarding Institutions by 2012 8 University Grants Committee-funded institutions: 9 Publicly-funded Institutions 23 Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts (1984)

24. The Open University of Hong Kong (1989) Hong Kong Shue Yan University (1971) (first private university in Hong Kong) Chu Hai College of Higher Education (1949) Hang Seng Management College (1980) Tung Wah College (2011) Caritas Institute of Higher Education (2011) Centennial College (2012) Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Vocational Training Council (2012) 17 Degree-awarding Institutions (cont ’ d) 8 self-financing institutions 24

25. Multiple pathways - Vocational education, Qualification Framework

26. 26 2011 Multiple Pathways Local Degree15 degree conferring institutions with 350 degree programmes Post- secondary 22 post-secondary institutions with 500 (Higher Diploma / Associate Degree) programmes VocationalDiploma of Vocational Education, other vocational education and training New Project Yi Jin Acquiring a qualification for work/further study OthersBlended/Distance learning (OUHK) plus 1,200 Non-local courses (including some locally-accredited) Outside HKStudy in Mainland China/Abroad Employment 2011/12 Academic Year

27. Vocational Education and Training Vocational Training Council Construction Industry Council Training Academy Clothing Industry Training Authority Labour Department – Youth Pre- employment Training Programme and Youth Work Experience and Training Scheme Others (e.g. Caritas, HK Christian Service – Kwun Tong Vocational Training Centre and YMCA, etc.) 27 Non-local Courses in Hong Kong / Distance / Blended Learning Programmes Bachelor Degree Sub-Degree Study in Mainland China / Abroad 2012 Multiple Pathways 1. Caritas Bianchi College of Careers 2. Caritas Institute of Higher Education 3. City University of Hong Kong 4. Hang Seng Management College 5. HKU SPACE Po Leung Kuk Community College 6. Hong Kong Adventist College 7. Hong Kong Art School 8. Hong Kong Baptist University 9. Hong Kong College of Technology 10. Hong Kong Institute of Technology 11. Lingnan University 12. Sacred Heart Canossian College of Commerce 13. The Chinese University of Hong Kong 14. The Hong Kong Institute of Education 15. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 16. The Open University of Hong Kong 17. The University of Hong Kong 18. Tung Wah College 19. Vocational Training Council 20. Yew Chung Community College 1.Caritas Institute of Higher Education 2.Centennial College 3.Chu Hai College of Higher Education 4.City University of Hong Kong 5.Hang Seng Management College 6.Hong Kong Baptist University 7.Hong Kong Shue Yan University 8.Lingnan University 9.The Chinese University of Hong Kong 10.The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts 11.The Hong Kong Institute of Education 12.The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 13.The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 14.The Open University of Hong Kong 15.The University of Hong Kong 16.Tung Wah College 17.Vocational Training Council Employment New Project Yi Jin

28. 28 Multiple Entry Multiple Exit Post- secondary (HD/AD) Bachelor Degree Project Yijin Vocational Education Senior Year/ Top-up Degree Work

29. With government subvention, the Vocational Training Council (VTC) provides a comprehensive system of vocational education through it member institutes Offering about 240 000 training places in a wide range of education programmes :  post junior secondary to sub-degree level  degree level with strong vocational orientation in niche areas of industry demands from 2012/13 Vocational Education 29

30. Hong Kong Qualifications Framework (HKQF) - a platform to promote lifelong learning 30

31. quality assurance mechanism A 7-level hierarchy of qualifications, underpinned by a robust quality assurance mechanism academicvocationalcontinuing education A platform to promote lifelong learning and facilitate articulation among academic, vocational and continuing education sectors by providing a comprehensive network of progression pathways articulation ladders Provides clear articulation ladders whereby trainees (especially employees) may draw up their own career development plans overall competitiveness Enhances the overall competitiveness of our workforce HKQF 31

32. QF Levels Level 7 Level 6 Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Academic Sector Doctorate Degree Master Degree Bachelor Degree AD/HD S.7/DSE/A-level S.5/then-HKCEE S.3/Certificate To be developed under QF e.g. Articulation pathways Vocational/Continuing Education Sectors HKQF 32

33. Internationalisation - Developing Hong Kong as a Regional Education Hub

34. Objectives Education service is one of six economic areas identified as having good potential for further development Objectives  Enhance Hong Kong ’ s status as a regional education hub  To attract quality students to enlarge our talent pool  To increase the exposure of our local students  Increase competitiveness of HK and its people 34

35. Competitive Advantages Hong Kong is well positioned as a regional education hub  An international city blending Chinese and Western cultures  A complete and diverse higher education system  World-class universities  Internationally-recognised curriculum and quality assurance mechanism 35

36. An internationalised education sector Hong Kong as Asia ’ s World City  An internationalised city in China  Gateway to the Mainland, Asia and the world A safe, vibrant city Competitive Advantages 36

37. 37 World-class Institutions Times Higher Education (2011) Ranking HKUCUHKHKUSTCityU and Poly U 22 nd 37 th 40 th Top 200 Ranking HKUSTHKUCUHK 1 st 2 nd 5 th Ranking HKUHKUSTCityU and CUHK 34 th 62 nd Top 200 QS.com World University Rankings (2011) QS.com Asian University Rankings (2011)

38. Internationalisation Double the quota for non-local students studied in the UGC-funded institutions to 20% HKSAR Government Scholarship Fund (2011/12: 657 students) Relaxing employment and immigration restrictions Over 18,000 non-local students from 70 countries / regions in 2010/11 PhD Fellowship Scheme (2011/12: 116 students) 38

39. Thank you

40. Performance of Hong Kong Students in PISA PISA No. of places participating Reading Literacy Mathematical Literacy Scientific Literacy 2000+436 th *1 st 3 rd 20034110 th 1 st *3 rd 2006573 rd 2 nd * 2009654 th *3rd3rd 3 rd * major domain

41. Lessons and Challenges from PISA Studies Quality – Our students perform well in Reading, Mathematics and Science Literacy, yet we have relatively less students with highly skilled reading performance Equality – The impact of socio-economic background of students on literacy performance is relatively small, meaning that students can benefit from our system regardless of their socio-economic background The increased variance of student ability (learner diversity) within school needs our attention The use of effective learning strategies of our students could still be enhanced

42. 42 PISAPIRLSTIMSS 2009 (15 yr) 2006 (P4) 2007 P4S2 Reading Literacy (Chinese) 4 th 2 nd Mathematical Literacy 3 rd 1 st 4 th Scientific Literacy 3 rd 9 th Performance of Hong Kong Students in International Studies PISA: Programme for International Student Assessment PIRLS: Progress in International Reading Literacy Study TIMSS: Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study