1. Chapter 6 Photosynthesis

2. 6.1 The Light Reactions Part 1

3. Energy What molecule stores it? How do we get it?

4. Remember... “-trophs” from Ecology? Autotrophs Heterotrophs

5. So, where do those Autotrophs GET THEIR ENERGY?!

6. Leaf Cross Section Leaf Mesophyll Cell Mesophyll Vein Stoma CO 2 O2O2 Chloroplast Grana Stroma TEM 9,750  Stroma Granum Thylakoid space Outer membrane Inner membrane Intermembrane space LM 2,600 

7. Photosynthesis Process that converts...

8. ___________-____________________ Reactions Waste product ___________- ____________________ Reactions Product

9. Chemical Equation: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + light energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Say what? (in words...)

10. Stuff you Already KNOW! Ultimate source of energy for most life on earth? What’s it needed for in photosynthesis? What does the plant use glucose for? What waste product of photosynthesis is vital to our survival?

12. Photosynthesis 2 Stages: 1. Light-Dependent Reactions 2. Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

13. Capturing Light Energy What organelle? Chloroplasts –Draw it!

15. Add Functions to your Chloroplast Structures Double membrane Stroma Granum Thylakoid

16. Concept Map Who can get it 1 st ?! http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_0 7/resources/htmls/interactive_review/bio_i ntrev_ch04.htmlhttp://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_0 7/resources/htmls/interactive_review/bio_i ntrev_ch04.html

17. Animation Preview of tomorrow... http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_0 7/resources/htmls/animated_biology/unit2/ bio_ch04_0104_ab_photosyn.htmlhttp://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_0 7/resources/htmls/animated_biology/unit2/ bio_ch04_0104_ab_photosyn.html

18. 6.1 The Light Reactions Part 2

19. Light  Chemical Energy Review...Review... What absorbs light in the plant?What absorbs light in the plant? Organelle?Organelle? Pigment?Pigment? Now we need to convert that LIGHT energy into CHEMICAL energy the plant (and Heterotrophs) can USE!!Now we need to convert that LIGHT energy into CHEMICAL energy the plant (and Heterotrophs) can USE!!

20. 1. Light-Dependent Reactions: Photosystems

21. Photosystems = Where?Where? __________-_____________ Rxns!__________-_____________ Rxns!

23. Step 1 Light absorbed byLight absorbed by Absorb itsAbsorb its To PS2To PS2 Chl’s e- “excited”:Chl’s e- “excited”: e- leave chl (e- leave chl ( rxn)...something must be GER!

24. Pigments Where? Function:

25. Examples: Chloroplast Pigments Chlorophylls Where? Reflect: Chl a Chl b

26. Chloroplast Pigments Carotenoids Where? Reflect: “Accessory” Pigments: Help photosyn b/c

27. Autumn! Chlorophyll in leaves decays Green color fades Replaced by oranges & reds of carotenoids!!

28. Replacing Electrons Photolysis:Photolysis: enzymes split water 2H 2 0 4H + + 4e- + O 22H 2 0 4H + + 4e- + O 2

30. Step 2 Next ptn in membrane =Next ptn in membrane = GERGER

31. Step 3  donates the e- again  donates the e- again ____________ _____________ Chain____________ _____________ Chain Slowly passing e-Slowly passing e- Why?Why?

32. Step 3 The electron energy is used to move Protons (H+) into the thylakoid

33. Step 4 PS___PS___ Light absorbedLight absorbed Same thing!Same thing! ETCETC H+ back outH+ back out

34. Step 5 StromaStroma e-, H+, NADP+ e-, H+, NADP+  ToTo ATP too...ATP too...

35. Chemiosmosis Using diffusion to make ATPUsing diffusion to make ATP –Conc gradient across thylakoid membrane H+ higher inside thylakoid than stromaH+ higher inside thylakoid than stroma –ATP synthase @ end of ETC H+ thru it (out to stroma)H+ thru it (out to stroma) form ATPform ATP

37. p. 118: 1-5, 8

39. Label this!

41. 6.2 Calvin cycle Oh, Melvin!Oh, Melvin!

42. When’s the Calvin Cycle? AFTER the Light Reactions!AFTER the Light Reactions! What TWO products of Light Rxns are sent to Calvin Cycle?What TWO products of Light Rxns are sent to Calvin Cycle?

43. 2. Light-Independent Reactions Series of rxns w/enzymesSeries of rxns w/enzymes Product:Product: 4 basic steps4 basic steps

44. 1. CO 2 into stroma (c’plast) RuBP (5C) + CO 2  6CRuBP (5C) + CO 2  6C immediately splits in ½  3-PGA (3C)  3-PGA (3C)

45. 2.  G3P ATP & NADPH usedATP & NADPH used ADP, NADP return to the...ADP, NADP return to the...

46. 3. 1 of G3P exits C Cycle Used to make carbs...Used to make carbs...

47. 4. Other G3Ps  RuBP  RuBP Use more ATPUse more ATP

51. What are these??? Space b/w two cellsSpace b/w two cells On leavesOn leaves Out:Out: In:In:

52. 2 Alternative Pathways: C4 C4 Close stomata @ hottest part of dayClose stomata @ hottest part of day Make 4C to keep phot goingMake 4C to keep phot going Sugar caneSugar cane CAM CAM Open stomata @ night (close @ day)Open stomata @ night (close @ day) Make Crassulacean acid to keep phot goingMake Crassulacean acid to keep phot going Cactus, pineappleCactus, pineapple

53. REVIEW: When’s this used? Light?Light? Water?Water? Electron Transport Chain?Electron Transport Chain? ATP?ATP? Chemiosmosis?Chemiosmosis? NADPH?NADPH? CO 2 ?CO 2 ? So, what are the products of the Light Rxns?So, what are the products of the Light Rxns? Of the Calvin Cycle?Of the Calvin Cycle?

54. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis 1.Light Carbon Dioxide Level 2. CO 2 3. Temp

55. p.124: 1-5 Quiz Tomorrow!!...Ch Review

56. Review

57. Stomate Lab

58. Review

59. p.126 #3,9,10,11,12,14,15,17,21

60. PHOTO & CR: HTTP://HIGHERED.MCGRAW- HILL.COM/SITES/DL/FREE/0078617022/164155/00053412.HTML HTTP://HIGHERED.MCGRAW- HILL.COM/SITES/DL/FREE/0078617022/164155/00053412.HTML