1. THE ROARING 20’S THE CONFLICT BETWEEN TRADITIONALISM AND PROGRESSIVISM

2. I. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS CULTURE A.Economic surge after WWI??? 1. Mass use of electricity a. negative affect on coal industry 2. Depression in Europe causes markets for farmers to suffer a. Supply ↑ prices ↓ 3. Many workers still underpaid and overworked 4. Machines now replacing unskilled laborers B. Misconceptions 1. Not true that everyone in the 1920’s experienced ‘good times.’ 2. Illusion of prosperity a. CREDIT – “buy now, pay later” b. interest used by businesses to make more money after the sale. 1920's OccupationIncome Average of all Industries$ 1200/yr State and Local Government Workers$ 1150/yr Public School Teacher$ 970/yr Building Trades$2000/ yr Medical/Health Services Worker$ 750/yr

3. C. Mass production 1. Assembly line – Henry Ford a. The Model T 2. New products for consumers a. assembly lines cheapen prices 1.) automobiles ($585 : $6K ) a.) motels, highways, service stations b.) mobility – urban & rural 2.) refrigerators ($285 : $3K) 3.) washing machines ($81: $800) 4.) toaster ($2 : $20 ) 5.) vacuum cleaners ($30 : $300)

5. D. Mass Media 1. Radio ($75: $750) a. center of entertainment b. Advertising 1.) convince buyers to purchase now 2.) new ad business explodes c. Programming 1.) “Soap” operas during day – Guiding Light 2.) Kids in afternoon – “Lone Ranger” 3.) Family in the evening Music, news, sports

6. 2. Movies a. early movies – Vaudeville 1.) Charlie Chaplin b. Golden Age of motion pictures 1930’s 1.) Gone With the Wind 2.) Wizard of Oz D. Changing Roles of Women 1. middle class women begin doing much of own work 2. Most women remain in traditional role 3. “Flappers” – new breed of young women that challenge traditional roles a. appearance – short skirts, bobbed hair b. actions – drinking, smoking, dancing, casual sex, driving cars, 4. Traditional women scoff at the new “loose” women

7. 1920’S ADVERTISEMENTS

8. 1920’S MOVIES

9. D. African Americans 1. Jim Crow, violence and poverty 2. Migration to eastern and midwest cities a. New York, Philadelphia, D.C. b. Chicago, Detroit, St. Louis 3. Eventually causes emergence of a black middle class 4. Harlem Renaissance a. cultural explosion of African- American writers, musicians, and artists b. Writers - Langston Hughes and James Weldon Johnson. C. Jazz – Count Basie, Duke Ellington 5. Most still endure stereotypes and discrimination in all locations

10. 6.Discrimination 7.“Birth of a Nation” a.“Heroes in motion picture b.Ku Klux Klan national 8.“Jazz Singer:” stereotypes continue - “Sambo”

11. HARLEM RENAISSANCE ART