1. Coastal Upwelling

2. What comes up… Equatorward winds drive nearshore upwelling Reversals of these winds have important effects -> downwelling Has implications for recruitment of near- shore fishes & invertebrates

3. UPWELLING Cooling inshore Strong geostrophic current DOWNWELLING Warming inshore Weak (or reversed) current

4. Coastal Dynamics Experiment

7. Many Organisms Have an Obligate Larval Stage

8. A Typical Life Cycle Larvae are released to develop in plankton They disperse in the currents A select few settle on suitable habitat Even fewer recruit to adults The cycle repeats (if they ’ re lucky) KEY ELEMENT => Larval Transport

9. Who are we talking about?? Species with limited adult home ranges – sessile adults Rockfish, kelp bass, urchin, … Not tuna, sardine, whales,...

10. Kinlan & Gaines [2003; Ecology] Dispersal Scales for Marine Organisms

11. Dispersal & Time in Plankton Siegel et al. [2003; Marine Ecology Progress Series 260: 83-96] Pelagic Larval Duration (days) Genetic Dispersal Scale (km) The longer the development time, the further the mean dispersal

12. Winds and Larval Transport

13. The “ Larval Pool ” Hypothesis Distance -> Well-Mixed Larval Pool Settlement Sites Cross-Shelf Transport

14. Winds and Larval Transport

18. Up/Downwelling & Settlement Deeper Surface Where are the larvae???

19. Coastal Downwelling Tightly linked to synoptic wind patterns Storm events driving day to week variability in thermocline depth Superimposed on seasonal pattern Which is superimposed on climate cycles

20. Coliform Bacteria & Up/Downwelling

24. Downwelling in CA Current Downwelling brings surface water parcels to shore Important for recruitment of intertidal and subtidal organisms Also has role in pollutant dispersion