1. IBC 2015 CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS Presented By: Carmen B. Bombeke, P.E. Senior Engineer MBOIA Annual Code Conference May 16, 2016 CAMDEN 207.236.4365 DAMARISCOTTA 207.790.5005

2. INTRODUCTION Credits & Sources Significant portions of several slides are derived from a presentation entitled Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments by permission of Chuck Ramani, PE, President, International Accreditation Service. These slides may include copyright information from International Code Council (ICC) and/or International Accreditation Service (IAS). All slides in this presentation with significant content from that presentation include a source reference (lower right) and the presentation title sheet (top right). All other sources are referenced individually on each slide (lower right, typically). SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

3. INTRODUCTION What are Special Inspections & Tests? The monitoring of materials, installation, fabrication, erection and placement of components and connections that require special expertise that are critical to the integrity of the building structure. Special inspections are in addition to the typical municipal inspections required by the building department specified in IBC Section 110 or specific structural observations as may by required in IBC Section 1704.6. Code officials may require other inspections per IBC Section 110.3.8. Code officials may require “other” inspectors to qualify similarly to special inspectors per IBC Section 104.4. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

4. INTRODUCTION Why does IBC Require Special Inspections & Tests? Special inspectors monitor the materials and workmanship critical to the structural and fire-resistive integrity of a building. Required to ensure compliance with the approved construction documents (plans) and standards referenced in the applicable codes. Special inspectors bring technical expertise to the job that isn’t typically available in local government. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

5. INTRODUCTION Are Special Inspections and Tests Really Necessary? Structural failures are more common than most people think. The necessity of special inspections and tests is often only readily identifiable after-the-fact. Special inspections and tests were initiated as a response to an identified need for special inspection and testing to protect the public. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

6. CASE STUDY 1 Hyatt Regency Hotel – Kansas City, Missouri - July 17, 1981 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Photo Credit: http://skywalk.kansascity.com/artic les/walkway-began-buckle-people- just-disappeared/

7. CASE STUDY 1 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Image Credit: Dave Eames, Kansas City Star http://www.charlesapple.com/upload s/2011/07/110717KansasCityStarGra phic.jpg

8. CASE STUDY 1 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Image Credit: Dave Eames, Kansas City Star http://www.charlesapple.com/upload s/2011/07/110717KansasCityStarGra phic.jpg 114 Dead 200 Injured

9. CASE STUDY 1 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Image Credit: Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyatt_Regency_walkway_collapse Hyatt Regency Hotel – Kansas City, Missouri - July 17, 1981

10. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Connecticut Historical Society http://connecticuthistory.org/almost-a-tragedy- the-collapse-of-the-hartford-civic-center/ / Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978

11. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Connecticut Historical Society http://connecticuthistory.org/almost-a-tragedy- the-collapse-of-the-hartford-civic-center/ Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978 No injuries 4,746 basketball fans were in the arena 6 hours before the roof collapse

12. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Connecticut Historical Society Image Credit: Ryan Johnson based on ENR, April 6, 1978 https://failures.wikispaces.com/Hartford+Civic+Center+%28Johnson%29

13. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Ryan G. Johnson, Penn State, 2009, Hartford Civil Center (Jan. 18, 1978) https://failures.wikispaces.com/Hartford+Civic+Center+%28Johnson%29 Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978 Design Errors: Dead loads were underestimated by more than 20%. Underestimation caused 852% overstress in some compression members. Complicated computer analysis; computer model assumed all top chords were laterally braced when in fact only the interior frame met the criteria. Slenderness ratio of built-up diagonals violated AISC code. Bolt holes punching through some members exceeded 85% of the gross area. Design engineers dismissed concerns!

14. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Ryan G. Johnson, Penn State, 2009, Hartford Civil Center (Jan. 18, 1978) https://failures.wikispaces.com/Hartford+Civic+Center+%28Johnson%29 Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978 Construction Errors: Interior members were insufficiently braced at midpoints. Exterior members were braced at 30’ oc rather than 15’ oc as specified. 3/8” steel cables were found in the wreckage strung throughout the truss. All contractors denied installing the cables. It was speculated that the cables were installed to force the truss back to shape. Construction manager altered roof material, using heavier materials. Some diagonal members were misplaced. Wrong grade of steel was used.

15. CASE STUDY 2 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Rachel Martin, Norbert J. Delatte, Another Look at Hartford Civic Center Coliseum Collapse (2001) Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978 Process/Administration Issues: Project was divided into 5 contracts coordinated by the construction manager. Construction manager refused to hire structural engineer for inspections, saying it was a waste of money and he would do it himself. Hartford department of licenses and inspection did not require the project peer review that was usually required because the Civic Center was owned by the City. Excessive deflections were disregarded by the design engineer who put too much confidence in the computer analysis.

16. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Structural Failures DO Occur in the U.S.! Hyatt Regency Hotel – Kansas City, Missouri - July 17, 1981 (114) Hartford Civic Center – Hartford, Connecticut – January 18, 1978 Kemper Arena – Kansas City, Missouri – June 4, 1979 L’Ambiance Plaza – Bridgeport, Connecticut – April 23, 1987 (28) … Apartment Building Balcony – Chicago, Illinois – June 29, 2003 (13) Metrodome – Minneapolis, Minnesota – December 12, 2010 … GENERAL – U.S. STRUCTURAL FAILURES Google “Structural Failures” and see what you find!

17. ROLE OVERVIEW Who is Involved with Special Inspections & Tests? Owner (or registered design professional acting as the owner’s agent) hires special inspectors or agencies. Registered design professional in charge prepares statement of special inspections. Permit applicant submits statement of special inspections prepared by registered design professional in charge. Building Official approves special inspectors or agencies and files special inspection and test reports. Special inspectors (or special inspection agencies) conduct and document special inspections. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

18. SECTION 110 INSPECTIONS Required Inspections include (110.3.1 – 110.3.10) 110.3.1 Footing and foundation inspection – rebar and formwork 110.3.2 Concrete slab and under-floor inspection – slab, crawl space 110.3.3 Lowest floor elevation – flood zones: elevation certificate required 110.3.4 Frame inspection – framing 110.3.5 Lath, gypsum board, gypsum board panel inspection – not required if not part of fire-resistance-rated assembly or shear assembly 110.3.6 Fire- and smoke-resistant penetrations – joints and penetrations in fire- resistance-rated assemblies, smoke barriers, smoke partitions 110.3.7 Energy efficiency inspections – compliance with Chap 13/IECC 110.3.8 Other – building official authorization for other inspections 110.3.9 Special inspections – see Chap 17 110.3.10 Final inspection – after all work for building permit is complete IBC SECTION 110 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

19. IAS/ICC – CLARIFICATION Special Inspections & Tests are Mandatory  The IBC clearly specifies situations in which the employment of special inspectors or special inspection agencies is mandatory.  The use of special inspectors and special inspection agencies is not discretionary.  The use of special inspectors and special inspection agencies is ministerial.  Official immunity does not necessarily apply to the performance of ministerial duties.  Duties are considered ministerial if they are prescribed and defined by statute, rule, or regulation with such certainty that there is nothing left to the public official's or employee's decision or judgment and he or she has no choice in the performance of such duties.  A public official may be personally liable for damages that result from the failure to perform ministerial duties. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

20. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1701 GENERAL 1701.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the quality, workmanship and requirements for materials covered. Materials of construction and tests shall conform to the applicable standards listed in this code. 1701.2 New materials. New building materials, equipment, appliances, systems or methods of construction not provided for in this code, and any material of questioned suitability proposed for use in the construction of a building or structure, shall be subjected to the tests prescribed in this chapter and in the approved rules to determine character, quality and limitations of use. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

21. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1702 DEFINITIONS Approved – Acceptable to the building official. Approved Agency – An established and recognized agency that is regularly engaged in conducting tests and furnishing inspection services, where such agency has been approved by the building official. Special Inspector – A qualified person employed or retained by an approved agency and approved by the building official as having the competence necessary to inspect a particular type of construction requiring special inspection. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

22. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Special Inspection – Inspection of construction requiring the expertise of an approved special inspector in order to ensure compliance with this code and the approved construction documents. Continuous Special Inspection – Special inspection by the special inspector who is present continuously when and where the work to be inspected is being performed. Periodic Special Inspection – Special inspection by the special inspector who is intermittently where the work to be inspected has been or is being performed. Structural Observation – The visual observation of the structural system by a registered design professional for general conformance to the approved construction documents.

23. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1703 APPROVALS 1703.1 Approved Agency – Must meet applicable requirements (3): 1.Independence – Objective, competent and independent from the constructor; Must disclose any possible conflicts of interest to building official and registered design professional in responsible charge. 2.Equipment – Adequate equipment, periodically tested. 3.Personnel – Experienced personnel educated in conducting, supervising and evaluating tests and special inspections. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

24. IBC CHAPTER 17 1703.2 Written Approval – Required. 1703.3 Record of Approval – shall be kept on file in the building official’s office and shall be available for public review at appropriate times. 1703.4 Performance – test reports, technical data, supporting data, etc. to prove satisfactory performance for the use intended. 1703.5 Labeling – testing, inspection/identification, label information, method of labeling. 1703.6 Evaluation and Follow-up Inspection Services – structural components not visible after completion of pre-fabricated assembly SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

25. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1704 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS, CONTRACTOR RESPONSIBILITY AND STRUCTURAL OBSERVATION 1704.2 Special Inspections and Tests – Owner or owner’s authorized agent, other than the contractor, shall employ approved agency(ies) to provide special inspections and tests per Section 1705 and shall identify approved agencies to the building official. “These special inspections and tests are in addition to the inspections by the building official that are identified in Section 110.” SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

26. IBC CHAPTER 17 1704.2 Special Inspections and Tests – EXCEPTIONS 1.Construction of a minor nature or as warranted by conditions in the jurisdiction as approved by the building official. 2.Group U occupancies that are accessory to a residential occupancy, unless otherwise required by the building official. 3.Portions of structures designed and constructed in accordance with cold- formed steel light-frame construction provisions of Section 2211.7 or conventional light-frame construction provisions of Section 2308. 4.Contractor may employ the approved agencies when the contractor is also the owner. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

27. IBC CHAPTER 17 1704.2.1 Special Inspector Qualifications – Written documentation of competence/experience/training required. Registered design professional in responsible charge and engineers of record involved in the design may act as special inspectors provided they qualify for such. 1704.2.2 Access SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

28. IBC CHAPTER 17 1704.2.3 Statement of Special Inspections – Applicant shall submit a statement of special inspections in accordance with Section 107.1 as a condition for permit issuance. Exception – Statement of special inspections not required for portions of structures designed and constructed in accordance with Section 2211.7 or 2308. 1704.2.4 Report Requirement 1704.2.5 Special Inspection of Fabricated Items SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Question: Can you actually determine this without a statement?

29. IBC CHAPTER 17 1704.3 Statement of Special Inspections – Registered design professional in responsible charge shall prepare statement of special inspections. 1704.3.1 Content of Statement of Special Inspections – 1.Materials, systems, components and work required to have special inspections and tests. 2.Type and extent of each special inspection. 3.Type and extent of each test. 4.Additional requirements for special inspection or tests for seismic or wind resistance. 5.Identification of continuous or periodic for each type of special inspection. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

30. IBC CHAPTER 17 1704.4 Contractor Responsibility – When there are wind and seismic special inspections and tests, statements from contractors acknowledging awareness of the special requirements may be required. 1704.5 Submittals to the Building Official – Additional reports and certificates are required for certain conditions outlined (7). 1704.6 Structural Observations – Required for high risk structures as outlined in 1704.6.1 and 1704.6.2 – this is in addition to all other inspections and tests. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

31. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1705 REQUIRED SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS IBC includes 16 major categories of special inspection that are critical to life- safety and structural-safety: SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Inspection of fabricators Concrete construction Masonry construction Steel construction Wood construction Soils Pile foundations Smoke control Wind requirements Pier foundations Vertical masonry elements Sprayed fire-resistant materials Mastic and intumescent fire- resistant coatings Exterior insulation and finish systems Special cases Seismic requirements International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

32. ICC SUPPORT MATERIALS SECTION 1705 REQUIRED SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS ICC has sample Special Inspection documents available online for download and customization: Go to codes.iccsafe.org and click on ‘Historical Free Resources’. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click any of the Special Inspection Manual Forms topics to download the forms. They are word documents so they can be updated as appropriate for a local building department or engineering firm.codes.iccsafe.org SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Sandra Hyde, PE, Senior Staff Engineer – ICC Product Development

33. SAMPLE STATEMENT OF SPECIAL INSPECTIONS SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS ICC sample document B.4.3 Statement of Special Inspections Schedule (page 1) Note inclusions: Material/component to be inspected Continuous or Periodic Reference standard or IBC section, etc. http//www.iccsafe.org/myicc/content/historical-free-resources/

34. SAMPLE STATEMENT OF SPECIAL INSPECTIONS SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS ICC sample document B.4.3 Statement of Special Inspections Schedule (page 2) Note inclusions: Material/component to be inspected Continuous or Periodic Reference standard or IBC section, etc. http//www.iccsafe.org/myicc/content/historical-free-resources/

35. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1705 REQUIRED SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS This is a detailed section that is primarily intended for engineers or other professionals to determine what must be included in the statement of structural inspections and how/when the required inspections and tests are to be performed. In most cases, the building official will not have adequate information about the technical aspects of the design to determine the required inspections and tests. Building officials will become more familiar with special inspections through proper administration of the code and review of submitted documents. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: Sandra Hyde, PE, Senior Staff Engineer – ICC Product Development

36. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: IBC 2015, Section 1705.4 Need reference document to know what inspections and tests are required and how they shall be performed Need to know how masonry was designed in order to know if exceptions apply EXAMPLE – MASONRY CONSTRUCTION

37. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: IBC 2015, Section 1705.5.2 Being aware a few common triggers can help you review the statement of special inspections and point contractors, designers, etc. to simple and identifiable requirements to get Maine on track with IBC Chapter 17 EXAMPLE – WOOD TRUSSES

38. ROLE REMINDER Who is Involved with Special Inspections & Tests? Owner (or registered design professional acting as the owner’s agent) hires special inspectors or agencies. (1704.2) Registered design professional in charge prepares statement of special inspections. (1704.3) Permit applicant submits statement of special inspections prepared by registered design professional in charge. (107.1) Building Official approves special inspectors or agencies and files special inspection and test reports. (1703) Special inspectors (or special inspection agencies) conduct and document special inspections. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Your role is extremely critical although most of the work is done by others

39. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Eastport Breakwater Pier Collapse – December 4, 2015 MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES Source: National Transportation Safety Board, Marine Accident Brief, June 2, 2015 Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE!

40. MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: National Transportation Safety Board, Marine Accident Brief, June 2, 2015 Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE!

41. MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: National Transportation Safety Board, Marine Accident Brief, June 2, 2015 Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE!

42. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Kennebec Ice Arena (Hallowell, ME) – March 2, 2011 MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES Photo Credit: Joe Phelan http://www.pressherald.com/2011/03/03/roof-collapses-at-kennebec-ice-arena-_2011-03-03/ Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE!

43. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Belmont Boatworks Roof Collapse (Belmont, ME) – July 23, 2013 MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES Photo Credit: Abigail Curtis http://bangordailynews.com/2012/07/23/news/midcoast/roof-collapse-accident-injures-three-in-belmont/ Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE!

44. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Horse Arena Collapse (Windham, ME) – September 4, 2013 MAINE – RECENT STRUCTURAL FAILURES Photo Credit: John Ewing http://www.pressherald.com/2013/09/04/barn-roof-collapse-injures-workers-windham/ Structural Failures DO Occur in MAINE! Proposed Equine Training Center 72’ x 64’ wood-framed structure

45. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 IAS presents Seven Steps of a Special Inspection Program 1.Establish qualifications for special inspectors and special inspection agencies. G 2.Communicate Chapter 17 requirements and building department expectations. G 3.Require submittal of statement of special inspections. J 4.Evaluate and approve special inspection agencies and special inspectors. J 5.Develop and implement report procedures to monitor special inspections. G & J 6.Practice site verification. J 7.Review, accept, and retain final report of special inspections. G & J G – GeneralJ = Job Specific SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

46. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 1.Establish qualifications for special inspectors and special inspection agencies. (General)  Must have a criteria or standard for evaluating agencies and inspectors.  Criteria sets a level playing field for all evaluations.  Covers individual qualifications, procedures and policies for performing and reporting special inspections, equipment used in inspections, storage of records, etc. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

47. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 2.Communicate Chapter 17 requirements and building department expectations. (General)  Owner or registered design professional/agent to submit special inspector(s) documentation for approval.  Owner or registered design professional/agent to hire special inspector(s).  Registered design professional to prepare statement of special inspections.  Permit applicant to submit statement of special inspections.  Special inspector(s) to conduct inspections/test and issue reports, including the final report. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

48. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 3.Require submittal of statement of special inspections. (Job specific) Statement of special inspections shall identify:  Materials, systems, components, and work required to undergo special inspection for each portion of the work.  Type and extent of each special inspection.  Type and extent of each test.  Additional requirements for special inspection for seismic or wind resistance.  For each type of special inspection, whether it will be continuous or periodic. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

49. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 4.Evaluate and approve special inspection agencies and/or inspectors. (Job specific) Use criteria established in Step 1, considering:  Individual professional qualifications (certifications, licenses, education, experience, etc.).  Interviews with individuals.  Field observations.  IAS accreditation. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

50. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 5.Develop reporting requirements. (General & Job specific)  Describe the reports to be submitted and the criteria that determine whether a report is acceptable and properly formatted.  All report forms for use in performing quality assurance inspection, engineering and/or testing must be approved by the building department.  Report forms can be created by the building department to help streamline the reporting process.  ICC offers sample report forms (weekly, final, discrepancy, etc.) Go to codes.iccsafe.org and click on ‘Historical Free Resources’. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click any of the Special Inspection Manual Forms topics to download the forms. codes.iccsafe.org SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

51. SAMPLE SPECIAL INSPECTION WEEKLY REPORT SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS http//www.iccsafe.org/myicc/content/historical-free-resources/

52. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 6. Practice site verification. (Job specific)  Verify the special inspector is on site for all continuous inspections.  Verify that the special inspectors on site were the ones approved.  Spot check daily, weekly, and review discrepancy reports in field where the special inspector is readily questioned.  Talk with the special inspectors, make sure you’re available to them, verify that they’re comfortable with their authority.  Verify that all special inspection steps are completed before ‘next-step’ building department inspections are conducted. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

53. CHAPTER 17 IMPLEMENTATION Implementing Chapter 17 7. Review, accept and retain final report of special inspections. (General & Job specific)  Before final approval of permit or issuance of Certificate of Occupancy.  Review exceptions or discrepancies and corrections.  Accept when satisfied that no unresolved issues exist.  Retain records according to written policy and statutory requirements.. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

54. BENEFITS What are the Benefits of Special Inspections & Tests? For the Jurisdiction: Saves jurisdiction money, not having to conduct the inspections Allows jurisdiction to have access to highly specialized staff Documents compliance and provides a shield against liability Allows critical work to be continuously inspected SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

55. BENEFITS What are the Benefits of Special Inspections & Tests? For the Owner: Assurance that they are getting what they paid for Documents compliance and provides a shield against liability SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

56. BENEFITS What are the Benefits of Special Inspections & Tests? For the Contractor: Special inspections can be available during times when the building department is not available, ensuring construction stays on schedule Special inspections allow for prompt replies to questions from contractors Expedites corrective measures to address errors Facilitates team communication between designers, contractors, and the building department, minimizing misinterpretation of the intended structural design, building code or ordinance Documents compliance and provides a shield against liability SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

57. BENEFITS What are the Benefits of Special Inspections & Tests? For the Designer: Intended design is what is constructed Additional knowledgeable review of installations Documents compliance and provides a shield against liability SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS International Accreditation Service, International Code Council (2015) Special Inspection-Implementing and Managing IBC Chapter 17 Requirements for Building Departments, September 29, 2015, Long Beach, CA

58. BENEFITS What are the Benefits of Special Inspections & Tests? For the Public: Safe Buildings SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DowntownPortlandMe1.jpg - which is ultimately the goal!

59. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1706 DESIGN STRENGTHS OF MATERIALS SECTION 1707 ALTERNATIVE TEST PROCEDURE SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

60. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1708 IN-SITU LOAD TESTS 1708.1 General – Whenever there is a reasonable doubt as to the stability or load-bearing capacity of a completed building, structure or portion thereof for the expected loads... Engineering assessment shall be required Engineering assessment shall involve either a structural analysis or an in-situ load test, or both. If structural assessment determines that the load-bearing capacity is less than required by the code, load tests shall be conducted per 1708.2. If the building, structure or portion thereof is inadequate, modifications to ensure structural adequacy or the removal of inadequate construction shall be required. SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

61. IBC CHAPTER 17 1708.3 In-Situ Load Tests – Conducted in accordance with Section 1708.3.1 and 1708.3.2 Supervised by a registered design professional Test shall simulate applicable loading specified in Chapter 16 1708.3.1 Load Test Procedure Specified – 1708.3.2 Load Test Procedure Not Specified – Load test procedure developed by a registered design professional that simulates applicable loading and deformation conditions For components that are not part of the seismic force-resisting system, at a minimum the test load shall be equal to the specified factored design loads For statically loaded components, the test shall be left in place for 24 hours SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

62. IBC CHAPTER 17 1708.3.2 Load Test Procedure Not Specified – (cont’d) Structure is considered to have successfully met the test requirements where the following criteria are satisfied:  Under the design load, the deflection shall not exceed the limitations of Section 1604.3.  Within 24 hours after removal of the test load, the structure shall have recovered not less than 75 percent of the maximum deflection  During and immediately after the test, the structure shall not show evidence of failure SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

63. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Photo right: http://www.structuremag.org/?p=1803 Photo left: http://www.constructionspecifier.com/weighty-matters-an-overview-of-in-situ-load-testing/

64. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS Image: Tumialan, Galati, Nanni, Structure Magazine, In-Situ Load Testing of Concrete Structures, Part 1 (April 2014)

65. IBC CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1709 PRECONSTRUCTION LOAD TESTS 1709.1 General – Where proposed construction is not capable of being designed by approved engineering analysis, or where the proposed construction design method does not comply with the applicable material design standard... System of construction or structural unit and connections shall be tested per Section 1709 (1709.1) Test shall simulate applicable loading specified in Chapter 16 (1709.3) Load test procedure developed by a registered design professional that simulates applicable loading and deformation conditions (if not specified) (1709.3) For components that are not part of the seismic force-resisting system, the test shall be as specified in Section 1709.3.1 (1709.3) SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

66. IBC CHAPTER 17 1709.3.1 Test Procedure – Increasing superimposed load equal to not less than 2 times the superimposed design load. 24 hour test then unload Initial success similar to that defined for in-situ load test Reload with increasing superimposed load until either A.Structural failure occurs B.Superimposed load is equal to 2.5 times the load at which the assembly reached the deflection limits specified in Section 1709.3.2 C.Superimposed load is equal to 2.5 times the superimposed design load Allowable superimposed design load is determined according to testing results based on strength or stiffness per Section 1709.3.1 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

67. IBC CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS University of Maine Advanced Structures & Composites Center Image: https://composites.umaine.edu/product-development-and-testing/structural-testing/

68. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES View ICC’s free webinar on special inspection. Go to campusonline.iccsafe.org/catalog.php, select ‘To the Point Webinars’ and then look for the title Special Inspection (year = 2014).campusonline.iccsafe.org/catalog.php Use ICC sample Special Inspection documents for reference. Go to codes.iccsafe.org and click on ‘Historical Free Resources’. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click any of the Special Inspection Manual Forms topics to download the forms.codes.iccsafe.org Communicate with local Engineers, Architects and other Building Officials. Identify and discuss requirements for special inspections and tests. Contact ICC for code interpretations. 1-888-ICC-SAFE SPECIAL INSPECTIONS & TESTS

69. IBC 2015 CHAPTER 17 SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS Presented By: Carmen B. Bombeke, P.E. Senior Engineer MBOIA Annual Code Conference May 16, 2016 CAMDEN 207.236.4365 DAMARISCOTTA 207.790.5005 QUESTIONS?