1. “The Holy One of Israel”
Isaiah 40-41
“The Holy One of Israel”

2. Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35 Isaiah 36-39 Isaiah 40-65
Condemnation of the past
History
in the present
Comfort for the future
Prophecies against Israel (1-12)
Prophecies against other nations (13-23)
Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35)
The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39)
Prophecies of the coming delivery (40-48)
Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-59)
Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (60-66)

3. Who Wrote Isaiah? Liberal Argument Bible Answer
Many scholars believe in two or more authors for the book of Isaiah. One author wrote during the Assyrian period (Isa. 1-39) and “Deutero-Isaiah” wrote during the Babylonian period (Isa ). Why? No one can speak by divine inspiration to predict future events.
First, the same central theme (the Holy One of Israel) runs throughout the entire book.
Second, there are 21 quotations in the NT taken from all parts of the book and attributed to Isaiah.

4. Isaiah in the New Testament
Matthew 3:3 (40:3); 4:14-16 (9:1-2); 8:17 (53:4); 12:17-21 (42:1-3); 13:14-15 (6:9-10); 15:7-9 (29:13)
Mark 1:2; 7:6
Luke 3:4; 4:17
John 1:23; 12:38, 39, 41
Acts 8:28, 30; 28:25
Romans 9:27, 29; 10:16, 20; 15:12

5. Isaiah 40
40:1-2 A voice cries out to Jerusalem to comfort her because her warfare is accomplished and her iniquity is pardoned.
40:3-5 Another voice cries out to prepare the way of the Lord and make it level. The Lord’s glory is revealed and all flesh sees it.
40:6-8 Another voice cries out that the word of God stands forever.

6. Isaiah 40
40:9-11 A voice cries out to Jerusalem and the cities of Judah concerning the Lord God who is a mighty ruler and who feeds his flock like a shepherd.
40:12-17 Isaiah asks questions to get Israel to think about the might and wisdom of the Lord. The Lord is so great that the nations are small, nothing, and vanity compared to him.

7. Isaiah 40
40:18-26 Isaiah asks Israel a question concerning God’s likeness. Some in Israel want to make God like an idol. Isaiah asks another question concerning what Israel knows? They know from the beginning of time that God creates the earth and the heavens and that he brings princes to nothing. He creates the stars and calls them all by name. He is great in might and strong in power.

8. Isaiah 40
40:27-31 Isaiah asks Israel why they believe they can hide from the Lord’s justice. The Lord is the creator of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary. He gives power to the faint. Those who wait for the Lord will renew their strength.

9. Isaiah in the New Testament
NT Quotation
Application
40:3-5
Mt. 3:3; Mk. 1:5; Lk. 3:4-6; Jn. 1:23
John the Baptist prepares the way for Jesus
40:6-8
1 Pet. 1:24-25
One is born again through the incorruptible word of God that abides for ever.
40:13
Rom. 11:34 and 1 Cor. 2;16 (referenced)
Who knows the mind of the Lord?

10. Isaiah 41
41:1-7 The nations and people are called to come and consider what the Lord does in his power. The Lord raises up “one from the east,” the king of Assyria to rule over kings. The Lord is the first and the last. The people fear and tremble at the presence of the “one from the east”. They try to take courage in the building of their idols.

11. Isaiah 41
41:8-16 Israel is the Lord’s servant who he has called and chosen. They are not to fear. The Lord strengthens and helps them in his righteousness. The Lord confounds Israel’s enemies. He makes Israel like a sharp threshing instrument against her enemies. As a result, the enemies are carried away in the wind and Israel rejoices in the Lord the Holy One of Israel.

12. Isaiah 41
41:17-20 The Lord provides for the poor and needy of Israel. The Lord the Holy One of Israel creates it.
41:21-24 The Lord calls upon the idols makers and their false gods to declare the things that going to happen in the future. Idols, in fact, are nothing and an abomination.

13. Isaiah 41
41:25-29 As proof that the Lord declares future things, he points to the “one from the north” who comes. The Lord alone has the power to declare future things before they happen. In contrast, idols are all works of vanity, nothing, wind, and confusion.

14. “The Holy One of Israel”
Isaiah 42-43
“The Holy One of Israel”

15. Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35 Isaiah 36-39 Isaiah 40-65
Condemnation of the past
History
in the present
Comfort for the future
Prophecies against Israel (1-12)
Prophecies against other nations (13-23)
Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35)
The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39)
Prophecies of the coming delivery (40-48)
Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-59)
Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (60-66)

16. True God vs. False gods The One True God False gods (idols)
Creator of all things – 40:12-17, 21-26, 28
Declares the future – 41:25-29 (see also 42:9; 43:9, 12; 44:7-8; 45:19-21; 46:10; 48:3, 5, 6, 14)
Glorified – 42:5-16
Only God – 43:8-13
Created by men – :19-20
Cannot declare the future – 41:21-24
Ashamed – 42:17
No strange god – 43:12

17. The Lord’s “Servant” in Isaiah
12 Tribes of Israel
Faithful Remnant
The Messiah (Jesus)
42:18 blind, deaf
41:8-9 chosen
42:1-7 chosen, put my Spirit upon him (Mt. 12:18-21)
43:10 chosen
49:3 gather Israel
44:1-2, 21 helped
52:13 deal wisely
48:20 redeemed
53:11 suffering

18. Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35 Isaiah 36-39 Isaiah 40-65
Condemnation of the past
History
in the present
Comfort for the future
Prophecies against Israel (1-12)
Prophecies against other nations (13-23)
Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35)
The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39)
Prophecies of the coming delivery (40-48)
Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-59)
Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (60-66)

19. Isaiah 42
42:1-4

20. Isaiah 43
43:1-7

21. “The Holy One of Israel”
Isaiah 44-45
“The Holy One of Israel”

22. Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35 Isaiah 36-39 Isaiah 40-65
Condemnation of the past
History
in the present
Comfort for the future
Prophecies against Israel (1-12)
Prophecies against other nations (13-23)
Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35)
The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39)
Prophecies of the coming delivery (40-48)
Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-59)
Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (60-66)

23. Isaiah 45
45:1-6

24. Isaiah 44
44:1-5 The Lord helps Israel his servant whom he chooses and he blesses them. They describe themselves as belonging to the Lord.
44:6-8 The Lord is the King and Redeemer of Israel. He is the first and the last. The Lord declares things to come to show that there is no God besides him.
44:9-11 Idol makers and their idols are vanity and nothing. They fear and are put to shame.

25. Isaiah 44
44:12-17 The blacksmith and the carpenter make idols to look like a man. The idolater brings wood from the forest and he uses the same wood to warm himself, to cook, and the rest to make an idol. He worships the idol and prays to it for deliverance.
44:18-20 The idolater has no understanding when he does this. He is deceived into thinking that his idol can save him.

26. Isaiah 44
44:21-23 The Lord blots out the transgression of Israel his servant whom he formed. The heaven and earth sing because the Lord redeems Israel.
44:24-28 The Lord makes all things in heaven and earth, he frustrates the liars, and he confirms the word of his messengers. The Lord says Jerusalem will be established, the deep will be dry, and Cyrus will perform his pleasure.

27. Isaiah 45
45:1-7 The Lord upholds the hand of Cyrus so that he can subdue nations and get treasures and riches. The Lord calls Cyrus and uses him so that the world can know that there is no God besides the Lord.
45:8 The Lord calls upon the heaven and earth to bring forth righteousness.
45:9-10 Two woes are pronounced upon Israel who question the Lord and strive with him.

28. Isaiah 45
45:11-13 The Lord reminds his people that he creates the heavens and the earth with his command. The Lord also raises up Cyrus who will build Jerusalem.
45:14-17 The Egyptians, Ethiopians, and Sabeans come to Israel to worship the one true God. In contrast, the idols makers are confounded and confused. Israel, on the other hand, is saved by the Lord and not confounded.

29. Isaiah 45
45:18-19 The Lord creates the earth to be inhabited and he declares things that are right.
45:20-25 Idol makers have no knowledge and idols do not save. In contrast, the Lord, the one true God, saves all who come to him.

30. “The Holy One of Israel”
Isaiah 46-48
“The Holy One of Israel”

31. Isaiah Outlined Isaiah 1-35 Isaiah 36-39 Isaiah 40-65
Condemnation of the past
History
in the present
Comfort for the future
Prophecies against Israel (1-12)
Prophecies against other nations (13-23)
Prophecies of judgment & hope (24-35)
The salvation and sickness of Hezekiah (36-39)
Prophecies of the coming delivery (40-48)
Prophecies of the divine deliverer (49-59)
Prophecies of the glorious deliverance (60-66)

32. Isaiah 46
46:1-2 The idols of Babylon, Bel and Nebo, are carried on beasts. These idols are a load and a burden to those who carry them.
46:3-7 In contrast to idols, the Lord carries his people. The Lord asks his people why they liken him to an idol. Those who make idols bow down to them in worship, carry them on their shoulders, and cry to them. Idols, however, do not answer or save them from their trouble.

33. Isaiah 46
46:8-11 The Lord shows that he is the only God by declaring things to come. He calls “a ravenous bird from the east” (Cyrus) to fulfill his counsel and his purpose.
46:12-13 The idol makers are transgressors (verse 8) and far from righteousness. In contrast, the Lord brings righteousness and salvation to Israel for his glory.

34. Bel and Nebo

35. True God vs. False gods The One True God False gods (idols)
1. Creator of all things – 40:12-17, 21-26, 28
2. Declares the future – 41:25-29 (see also 42:9; 43:9, 12; 44:7-8; 45:19-21; 46:10; 48:3, 5, 6, 14)
3. Glorified – 42:5-16
4. Only God – 43:8-13
Created by men – :19-20
Cannot declare the future – 41:21-24
Ashamed – 42:17
No strange god – 43:12

36. True God vs. False gods The One True God False gods (idols)
5. True witnesses of God are not afraid – 44:6-8
6. The Lord saves (45:14-17, 21-25)
7. God carries his people (46:3-4)
False witnesses of idols are afraid – 44:9-20
Idols do not save (45:20)
People carry their gods (46:1-2, 5-7)

37. Isaiah 47
47:1-7 The Lord takes vengeance upon Babylon. She is going to be judged for her cruelty to God’s people and her pride.
47:8-11 Babylon is given to pleasure and pride. She follows the counsel of sorcerers. She trusts in wickedness and human wisdom. She is going to be made desolate because of these things.

38. Isaiah 47
47:12-15 The people of Babylon trust in enchantments, sorcery, astrologers, star-gazers, and prognosticators for their salvation. These people are like stubble who will burn. They cannot deliver or save.

39. Babylon: Symbol of Power & Immorality
“Fallen, fallen is Babylon”
And another, a second angel, followed, saying, Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, that hath made all the nations to drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication – Revelation 14:8
And the great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell: and Babylon the great was remembered in the sight of God, to give unto her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath – Revelation 16:19
and upon her forehead a name written, MYSTERY,BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF THE HARLOTS AND OF THE ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH – Revelation 17:5
And he cried with a mighty voice, saying, Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, and is become a habitation of demons, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hateful bird – Revelation 18:2

40. Babylon: Symbol of Power & Immorality
“Fallen, fallen is Babylon”
standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Woe, woe, the great city, Babylon, the strong city! for in one hour is thy judgment come – Revelation 18:10
And a strong angel took up a stone as it were a great millstone and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with a mighty fall shall Babylon, the great city, be cast down, and shall be found no more at all – Revelation 18:21

41. Isaiah 48
48:1-11 The house of Jacob (Israel) is hypocritical. They swear by the name of the Lord, but not in truth or in righteousness. The Lord knows that his people are obstinate. He declares things to come in the future so they will not say their idols have done it. The people are treacherous transgressors, but the Lord does not completely cut them off. He restrains his anger toward them for his own name’s sake, praise, and glory.

42. Isaiah 48
48:12-16 The Lord is the first and the last. He creates the earth and the heavens. The Lord calls Cyrus to perform the Lord’s pleasure against Babylon. Cyrus conquers Babylon and allow God’s people to return.
48:17-19 The Lord teaches and leads his people. He wants his people to obey his commandments so they can have peace, righteousness, and a blessed offspring.

43. Isaiah 48
48:20-22 The captives of Israel go forth from Babylon with singing. The Lord takes care of them when they return. In contrast, the wicked have no peace.

44. Cyrus in the Book of Isaiah
“He Is My Shepherd”
44:28 rebuilds Jerusalem and the temple
45:1-3 subdues nations
45:13 builds the Lord’s city and lets the exiles go free
46:11 a ravenous bird from the east
48:14-15 performs the Lord’s pleasure on Babylon

45. Jehovah: Creator of Heaven and Earth
“the Creator of the ends of the earth”
Who hath measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven with the span, and comprehended the dust of the earth in a measure, and weighed the mountains in scales, and the hills in a balance? (Isa. 40:12)
It is he that sits above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretches out the heavens as a curtain, and spreads them out as a tent to dwell in (Isa. 40:22)
Lift up your eyes on high, and see who hath created these, that brings out their host by number; he calls them all by name; by the greatness of his might, and for that he is strong in power, not one is lacking (Isa. 40:26)
Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard? The everlasting God, Jehovah, the Creator of the ends of the earth, faints not, neither is weary; there is no searching of his understanding (Isa. 40:28)

46. Jehovah: Creator of Heaven and Earth
“the Creator of the ends of the earth”
Thus says God Jehovah, he that created the heavens, and stretched them forth; he that spread abroad the earth and that which cometh out of it; he that gives breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein (Isa. 42:5)
Thus says Jehovah, thy Redeemer, and he that formed thee from the womb: I am Jehovah, that makes all things; that stretches forth the heavens alone; that spreads abroad the earth (who is with me?) (Isa. 44:24)
I form the light, and create darkness; I make peace, and create evil. I am Jehovah, that doeth all these things (Isa. 45:7)
I have made the earth, and created man upon it: I, even my hands, have stretched out the heavens; and all their host have I commanded (Isa. 45:12)
For thus says Jehovah that created the heavens, the God that formed the earth and made it, that established it and created it not a waste, that formed it to be inhabited: I am Jehovah; and there is none else (Isa. 45:18)