1. 希望英语 （第二版） 综合教程 1 Unit 7 Health 希望英语 （第二版） 综合教程 2 外语教学与研究出版社

2. 希望英语（第二版）综合教程 2 Unit 7 Health Speaking Reading A Grammar Listening Writing Presentation Reading B & Reading C

3. Speaking Task 1 Task 2 Task 3

4. Look at the pictures on Page 98 and list words or phrases about them. Then share your work with others. Speaking Task 1 Suggested Words: diet disease medicine tablet brain habit harm prevent examine doctor improve protect capsule Suggested Words: diet disease medicine tablet brain habit harm prevent examine doctor improve protect capsule

5. Use the following sentence patterns and the words or phrases from Task 1 to talk about the pictures on Page 98. A. … do good/harm to… B. … be determined to… Speaking Task 2 Sample Sentences: Too much medicine will do harm to one’s health. The doctor is determined to find out the cause of this strange disease. Sample Sentences: Too much medicine will do harm to one’s health. The doctor is determined to find out the cause of this strange disease.

6. Work in pairs. Take turns asking your partner the following questions and make notes. Organize your notes and report to the class using the given paragraph as a model. Speaking Task 3 Have you ever thought of the relationship between your living habits and your health? Do you have any habits that are considered harmful to your health? What should we do to stay healthy? Model Report Jerry is a young programmer. Sometimes, when he suffers pressure from work, he will lock himself up and sit in front of his computer for days on end living only on fast food he orders online and keeping awake by drinking strong coffee and smoking cigarettes. He is always confident of his physical condition, but in the outbreak of SARS, he was among the first victims. In the hospital, he was shocked to realize that his bad living habits had done great harm to his health, making it easier for the dangerous virus to knock him down. Now, he has quit smoking and is determined to pick up football that he played a lot when he was in college. Model Report Jerry is a young programmer. Sometimes, when he suffers pressure from work, he will lock himself up and sit in front of his computer for days on end living only on fast food he orders online and keeping awake by drinking strong coffee and smoking cigarettes. He is always confident of his physical condition, but in the outbreak of SARS, he was among the first victims. In the hospital, he was shocked to realize that his bad living habits had done great harm to his health, making it easier for the dangerous virus to knock him down. Now, he has quit smoking and is determined to pick up football that he played a lot when he was in college.

7. Reading A Task 2 Task 3 Task 1 Text New Words and Expressions Task 4 Task 6 Task 7 Task 8 Task 5

8. Reading A Task 1 Give brief answers to the following questions. Then ask your partner about his/her answers and take notes. 1. Do you think it possible for a human being to live for a thousand years? No, I don’t think a human being can live for a thousand years. Yes, I think so. And it’s possible for a human being to live for thousands of years, with no end in sight.

9. Reading A Task 1 Give brief answers to the following questions. Then ask your partner about his/her answers and take notes. 2. What could be done to help people live longer? We can do a lot of things to help people live longer. For example, we can use cloning technology to replace the diseased body parts; we can take people to outer space; we can use genetic engineering to slow or reverse human aging; we can also use stem cell technologies to keep youth.

10. Reading A Task 2 Text Will We Ever Be Immortal? If asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”, though they also admit the fact that the human life span has been greatly improved over the past century. However, history has often shown that, before a major breakthrough occurs, experts go out of their way to deny that it will ever happen. If asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”, though they also admit the fact that the human life span has been greatly improved over the past century. However, history has often shown that, before a major breakthrough occurs, experts go out of their way to deny that it will ever happen.life span breakthroughgo out of their way to life span breakthroughgo out of their way to

11. Reading A Task 2 Text One major breakthrough in genetic engineering could lead to control of the aging process. This could then open up a series of new approaches to keeping human beings in a youthful state over the long term. Right now, relatively little money is being spent on research to extend the healthy human life span. We believe, however, that even a small step towards slowing or reversing aging will lead to an enormous flow of research funds to further control aging. This, in turn, will lead to further progress in extending the life span. One major breakthrough in genetic engineering could lead to control of the aging process. This could then open up a series of new approaches to keeping human beings in a youthful state over the long term. Right now, relatively little money is being spent on research to extend the healthy human life span. We believe, however, that even a small step towards slowing or reversing aging will lead to an enormous flow of research funds to further control aging. This, in turn, will lead to further progress in extending the life span.open up extendin turnopen up extendin turn

12. Reading A Task 2 Text Scientists are trying to discover the genes that control aging. One of the best programs to find these genes is in progress at the University of California at Riverside under the direction of Stephen Spindler, Ph.D. The Life Extension Foundation is funding the research. The program uses “gene chips” to compare the effects of drugs and therapies on genes in normal aging with those in slowed aging. This revolutionary technology is speeding up the step of discovery, which will lead to effective anti-aging therapies. Scientists are trying to discover the genes that control aging. One of the best programs to find these genes is in progress at the University of California at Riverside under the direction of Stephen Spindler, Ph.D. The Life Extension Foundation is funding the research. The program uses “gene chips” to compare the effects of drugs and therapies on genes in normal aging with those in slowed aging. This revolutionary technology is speeding up the step of discovery, which will lead to effective anti-aging therapies.in progress fundingspeeding up in progress fundingspeeding up

13. Reading A Task 2 Text Current evidence suggests that there are specific genes involved in aging. Some of these genes may become active at some point in the human life span, thus causing cells to go wrong and die. Other genes responsible for keeping youth may become inactive, thus preventing cells from performing metabolic functions necessary to support life. There is also evidence that some genes necessary for youthful function may become dangerous later in life. Current evidence suggests that there are specific genes involved in aging. Some of these genes may become active at some point in the human life span, thus causing cells to go wrong and die. Other genes responsible for keeping youth may become inactive, thus preventing cells from performing metabolic functions necessary to support life. There is also evidence that some genes necessary for youthful function may become dangerous later in life.

14. Reading A Task 2 Text Genetic engineering is just one technology that could produce a healthy human life span of thousands of years, with no end in sight. Stem cell technologies also promise to lead to therapies to keep youth and extend the healthy life span indefinitely. Genetic engineering is just one technology that could produce a healthy human life span of thousands of years, with no end in sight. Stem cell technologies also promise to lead to therapies to keep youth and extend the healthy life span indefinitely.in sightin sight

15. Reading A Task 2 Text Similar events in history can provide a basis for saying that human beings may be on the verge of major increases in the life span. It took mankind hundreds of years to figure out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. Once the basic ideas were known, however, aviation technology advanced quickly and dramatically. Similar events in history can provide a basis for saying that human beings may be on the verge of major increases in the life span. It took mankind hundreds of years to figure out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. Once the basic ideas were known, however, aviation technology advanced quickly and dramatically.on the verge of figure out on the verge of figure out

16. Reading A Task 2 Text When we review the history of medicine, it is clear that once a fundamental discovery has been made, such as the role that bacteria play in many infectious diseases, it doesn’t take long to turn that discovery into practical benefits for humans. We know that genes are a major cause of aging and many age-related diseases. Once we learn how to control the right genes, it shouldn’t be long before we develop therapies to slow and reverse human aging. When we review the history of medicine, it is clear that once a fundamental discovery has been made, such as the role that bacteria play in many infectious diseases, it doesn’t take long to turn that discovery into practical benefits for humans. We know that genes are a major cause of aging and many age-related diseases. Once we learn how to control the right genes, it shouldn’t be long before we develop therapies to slow and reverse human aging.turn intoturn into

17. Reading A 我们会永生吗 ? 如果现在被问到这个问题，大部分科学家可能 会给你一个否定的回答，虽然他们也承认这样一 个事实，即在过去一个世纪里，人类的寿命被极 大地延长了。然而，历史经常告诉我们，在每次 重大突破发生之前，专家都会极力地否认它会出 现。 如果现在被问到这个问题，大部分科学家可能 会给你一个否定的回答，虽然他们也承认这样一 个事实，即在过去一个世纪里，人类的寿命被极 大地延长了。然而，历史经常告诉我们，在每次 重大突破发生之前，专家都会极力地否认它会出 现。 Text

18. Reading A 基因工程的任何重大突破都可能使我们实现对衰 老过程的控制，进而开辟出一系列的新途径，使人 类永葆青春。目前，用于研究延长人类寿命的经费 相对来说还少得可怜。但是我们相信，在延缓或逆 转衰老研究上即使要取得一小步的进展，都将需要 巨额资金投入，用以进一步控制衰老的研究。这转 而又能使延长人类寿命的研究取得更大的进展。 基因工程的任何重大突破都可能使我们实现对衰 老过程的控制，进而开辟出一系列的新途径，使人 类永葆青春。目前，用于研究延长人类寿命的经费 相对来说还少得可怜。但是我们相信，在延缓或逆 转衰老研究上即使要取得一小步的进展，都将需要 巨额资金投入，用以进一步控制衰老的研究。这转 而又能使延长人类寿命的研究取得更大的进展。 Text

19. Reading A 科学家们正努力寻找控制衰老的基因。目前这 方面进展最好的是在加州大学里弗塞德分校由斯 蒂芬 · 斯宾德勒博士主持的一个研究项目。延寿基 金会为这个项目提供资金。该研究使用 “ 基因芯片 ” 来比较在自然衰老和延缓衰老两种情况下，药物 和其他疗法对基因的功能所产生的影响。这项革 命性技术正在加快寻找控制人类衰老基因的步伐， 并将最终找到有效的抗衰老疗法。 科学家们正努力寻找控制衰老的基因。目前这 方面进展最好的是在加州大学里弗塞德分校由斯 蒂芬 · 斯宾德勒博士主持的一个研究项目。延寿基 金会为这个项目提供资金。该研究使用 “ 基因芯片 ” 来比较在自然衰老和延缓衰老两种情况下，药物 和其他疗法对基因的功能所产生的影响。这项革 命性技术正在加快寻找控制人类衰老基因的步伐， 并将最终找到有效的抗衰老疗法。 A-Trans-3 Text

20. Reading A 目前的证据表明人体内存在着一些与衰老有关 的特定基因。其中一部分可能会在人类生命中的 某个时期变得活跃起来，进而导致细胞出现问题 并死亡。另一些使人年轻的基因则变得不那么活 跃，从而妨碍细胞发挥新陈代谢功能，而这些功 能正是保持生命活力和生存所必需的。还有证据 表明，原先一些使人年轻所必需的基因后来可能 会变得危险。 目前的证据表明人体内存在着一些与衰老有关 的特定基因。其中一部分可能会在人类生命中的 某个时期变得活跃起来，进而导致细胞出现问题 并死亡。另一些使人年轻的基因则变得不那么活 跃，从而妨碍细胞发挥新陈代谢功能，而这些功 能正是保持生命活力和生存所必需的。还有证据 表明，原先一些使人年轻所必需的基因后来可能 会变得危险。 A-Trans-4 Text

21. Reading A 要使人能健康地活上几千年甚至更长时间，基 因工程只是其中的一种技术。干细胞技术同样有 保持青春的疗法，也可以使人长生不老。 要使人能健康地活上几千年甚至更长时间，基 因工程只是其中的一种技术。干细胞技术同样有 保持青春的疗法，也可以使人长生不老。 A-Trans-3 Text

22. Reading A 历史上类似的事件使我们有理由说：在延长人 的寿命方面，人类可能即将面临重大突破。人类 花费了几千年的时间才想出如何制造比空气重的 长途飞行器。不过，一旦人类了解了基本原理， 航空技术就取得了突飞猛进的发展。 历史上类似的事件使我们有理由说：在延长人 的寿命方面，人类可能即将面临重大突破。人类 花费了几千年的时间才想出如何制造比空气重的 长途飞行器。不过，一旦人类了解了基本原理， 航空技术就取得了突飞猛进的发展。 A-Trans-3 Text

23. Reading A 回顾医学史，我们可以清楚地看到，一旦有了 基础性的发现，比如说细菌在传染病中起的作用， 那么实际应用它来造福人类就为时不远了。我们 知道基因是导致衰老和许多老年病的一个主要原 因。一旦我们了解了如何控制真正导致衰老的基 因，研究出延缓和逆转衰老的疗法就指日可待了。 回顾医学史，我们可以清楚地看到，一旦有了 基础性的发现，比如说细菌在传染病中起的作用， 那么实际应用它来造福人类就为时不远了。我们 知道基因是导致衰老和许多老年病的一个主要原 因。一旦我们了解了如何控制真正导致衰老的基 因，研究出延缓和逆转衰老的疗法就指日可待了。 A-Trans-3 Text

24. Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions v. the longest period of time that a typical individual can be expected to live life span e.g. e.g. Men often have a shorter life span than women. tackle A man’s life span depends on various facts. Translation Translation 人们寿命的长短取决于种种因素。 Text

25. n. important development or discovery, esp. in scientific knowledge breakthrough e.g. e.g. Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of that disease. tackle Translation Translation 在一些科学领域有了重大突破。 Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions Breakthroughs were made in some areas of science.

26. v. to take the trouble (to do); to make a special effort, esp. in spite of difficulties go out of the/one’s way (to do) e.g. e.g. Although he was busy, he went out of his way to help me. tackle Translation Translation 他们不辞劳苦地想办法解决问题。 Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions They go out of their way to think of ways to solve the problem.

27. to make possible the development of (something); to start open up e.g. e.g. His stories opened up new worlds of imagination. tackle Translation Translation 他们开发了一块新区来做贸易。 Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions They opened up a new territory for trade.

28. v. to make (something) longer or larger (in space or time) extend e.g. e.g. You’ll have to go to Beijing to extend your visa. tackle Translation Translation 他们把截止日期延长到了月底。 Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions They have extended the deadline until the end of the month.

29. in proper sequence or succession in turn e.g. e.g. I told Frank and he in turn told Sheila. tackle Translation Translation 我们每人轮流取邮件。 Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions Each of us collects the mail in turn.

30. being done or made in progress e.g. e.g. An inquiry is now in progress. tackle Translation Translation 大厅里正在举行一个讲座。 Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions Text A lecture was in progress in the hall.

31. fund tackle Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions v. to provide money for e.g. The airport is being privately funded by a construction group. Translation Translation 这家公司同意了资助我的澳洲之行。 This company has agreed to fund my trip to Australia.

32. to (cause to) move or go faster speed up tackle Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions e.g. e.g. They’ve speeded up production of the new car. Translation Translation 卡车加速驶下山。 The truck speeded up going down the hill. Text

33. in view; visible in sight e.g. e.g. No car is in sight because of the dense frog. tackle Translation Translation 和平就在眼前。 Peace is now in sight. Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions

34. very near to on the verge of e.g. e.g. She tried to hide her grief, but she was on the verge of tears. tackle Translation Translation 他们的整个体系正濒临崩溃。 Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions Text Their entire system is on the verge of collapse.

35. to come to understand or discover by thinking figure out tackle Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions Text e.g. e.g. We still haven’t figured out how to do it. If I have a map, I can figure it out. Translation Translation 如果我有地图，我就能把它搞明白。

36. to (cause somebody/something to) pass from one condition or state to another one turn … into … tackle Text Reading A Task 2 New Words and Expressions e.g. e.g. The witch turned the prince into a frog. Translation Translation 干燥的天气把土壤变成了水泥。 The dry weather turned the soil into concrete.

37. Reading A Task 3 Read the passage again and fill in the following table. On the Verge of Major Increases in Life Span Before a major breakthrough occurs, experts go out of their way to deny it will ever happen. Once the basic ideas are known, technology advances quickly and dramatically. Basic Ideas About Aging Scientists’ Current Efforts Similar Events in History Now most scientists will deny that people will ever be immortal. Genes are a major cause of aging and many age-related diseases. Specific genes are involved in aging. They are trying to discover the genes that control aging. The development of aviation technology and the discovery of the role that bacteria play in many infectious diseases

38. Reading A Task 4 Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from the reading on Page 101 according to the meaning in the column on the right. The first letters are already given. Then compare with your partner. way of dealing with a person or thing cause to go backwards provide money for very large indeed make something seem likely make longer or greater of the present time; happening now reveal; bring to notice cause someone/something to pass from one condition or state to another one cause something to increase speed way of dealing with a person or thing cause to go backwards provide money for very large indeed make something seem likely make longer or greater of the present time; happening now reveal; bring to notice cause someone/something to pass from one condition or state to another one cause something to increase speed approach reverse fund enormous promise extend current open up turn into speed up a ________ r _______ f _______ e _______ p _______ e _______ c _______ o _______ t _______ s _______

39. Reading A Task 5 Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from Task 4. Change forms if necessary. 1.Many years later, they finally _________that huge wasteland _________ a modern town. 2. To prepare for that project, we must examine our _________ to gathering information. 3. The main bedroom is _________ while the other bedrooms are rather small. 4. We all agree that the _________ situation is very different from that in 1990. 5. Judging from the clouds in the sky, it _________ to be rainy this afternoon. turned approaches enormous current into promises

40. Reading A Task 5 Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from Task 4. Change forms if necessary. 6. After setting up these machines, our production was ___________ by 50%. 7. The research for a cure for this disease is now ____________ by the government. 8. They were eager to know whether you could _________ your visit a few days longer. 9. Unexpectedly, the chance of meeting with her _________ new possibilities for me. 10. Because the normal word order is _________ in passive sentences, they are sometimes hard to follow. reversed being funded opened up extend speeded up

41. Reading A Task 6 Complete the following sentences using the following words or phrases plus something of your own. extend promise reverse speed up go out of one’s way 1. He __________ the car out of the traffic when ______________________. 2. You’ll have to ________your work if _______________________________. 3. They ___________the railway to the next city after____________________. 4. They _______________ to help passengers because____________________. 5. This year __________ to be another good one for harvest as____________________________. reversedhe saw the way jammed speed upyou want to finish it by the agreed date extendedthree years’ hard work go out of their waythey consider it their duty promises the crops are growing very well

42. Reading A Task 7 Rewrite the following sentences after the models. Model 1: If they are asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”. —If asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”. 1. When she is in trouble, Mary always turns to her parents for help. ______________________________________________________________ 2. While they were there, they were thinking of you all the time. ______________________________________________________________ When in trouble, Mary always turns to her parents for help. While there, they were thinking of you all the time.

43. Reading A Task 7 Rewrite the following sentences after the models. Model 1: If they are asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”. —If asked this question now, most scientists will probably give you the answer “No”. 3. I am to go by way of Beijing as it is planned in advance. ______________________________________________________________ 4. Old clocks are very valuable when they are in good condition. ______________________________________________________________ 5. My method is at least as good as yours, if it is not better. ______________________________________________________________ I am to go by way of Beijing as planned in advance. Old clocks are very valuable when in good condition. My method is at least as good as yours, if not better.

44. Reading A Task 7 Rewrite the following sentences after the models. Model 2: Mankind spent hundreds of years figuring out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. —It took mankind hundreds of years to figure out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. 1.They worked on the design of the machine for two months. ______________________________________________________________ 2. They discussed the problem for two hours. ______________________________________________________________ It took them two hours to discuss the problem. It took them two months to work on the design of the machine.

45. Reading A Task 7 Rewrite the following sentences after the models. Model 2: Mankind spent hundreds of years figuring out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. —It took mankind hundreds of years to figure out how to build a heavier-than-air vehicle that could achieve a long flight. 3. I spent a week looking around the factory and making notes. ______________________________________________________________ 4. The artist collected butterfly specimens ( 蝴蝶标本 ) for a whole day. ______________________________________________________________ 5. About two hours passed before I arrived at the airport. ______________________________________________________________ It took me a week to look around the factory and make notes. It took the artist a whole day to collect butterfly specimens. It took me about two hours to arrive at the airport.

46. Reading A Task 8 Translate the following sentences into English paying attention to the highlighted parts. 1. 我们在海上航行了十多天，仍然看不到陆地。 We have sailed on the sea for over ten days, and there is still no land in sight. We have sailed on the sea for over ten days, and there is still no land in sight. 2. 她特意来照料这位患了癌症的老人。 She went out of her way to take care of the old man who was suffering from cancer. She went out of her way to take care of the old man who was suffering from cancer. 3. 昨天下起了大雨，于是他们不得不终止了正在进行的比赛。 It rained heavily yesterday, so they had to stop the game in progress. It rained heavily yesterday, so they had to stop the game in progress.

47. 4. 听说老板打算解雇她，她差点要哭出来。 Hearing that the boss was going to fire her, she was on the verge of tears. Hearing that the boss was going to fire her, she was on the verge of tears. 5. 理论以实践为基础，反过来又服务于实践。 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. Translate the following sentences into English paying attention to the highlighted parts. Reading A Task 8

48. Grammar Task 1 Task 2 Task 3

49. Study the following grammar tips for gerund and match them with the sentences in the column on the right. Grammar Task 1 A.He often goes fishing with his son. B. It is no use crying over spilled milk. C. She used to wear that brand of swimming suit. D. It was hard dealing with naughty boys. E. She tried to avoid quarrelling with him. 1. 某些动词如 escape ， avoid ， enjoy ， resist ， risk ， keep ， mind ， deny ， consider ， quit 习惯上接动名 词作直接宾语。 2. 形容词 busy ， hard 和名词 difficulty ， problem ， trouble 等后 常接动名词。 3. 某些句子结构中常用动名词，如： spend time doing ， It is no use/ good/point doing ， be worth doing ， cannot help doing 。 4. 动名词可以修饰另一个名词表示功 能、用途、类别等。 5. go + 动名词，用来表示去做某事。

50. 1. The whole family went _____________ (camp) on the beach last weekend. 2. There is no _____________(smoke) area in the office building. 3. She couldn’t help _____________(laugh) when she was told the funny story. 4. Missing the last bus might mean _______________(return) to the hotel on foot. 5. She was busy _____________(prepare) for dinner. camping Grammar Task 2 Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words below. smoking laughing returning preparing

51. Grammar Task 3 Translate the following into English. 1. 你常去溜冰吗？ 2. 这篇小说值得一读。 3. 她读英语有困难。 4. 她厌恶抽烟。 5. 医生建议他戒酒。 Do you often go skating? The novel is worth reading. She has trouble reading English. She hates smoking. The doctor advised that he quit drinking.

52. Listening Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Task 5 Task 6 Task 7

53. Listening Task 1 Listen to the five statements twice and write them down. 1. 1.______________________________________________________ 2. 2.______________________________________________________ 3. 3. _______________________________________________________ 4. 4. _______________________________________________________ Once we learn how to control the right genes, we’ll develop therapies to slow and reverse human aging. The human population may be on the verge of major increases in their life span. One major breakthrough in genetic engineering could lead to control of the aging process. Before a major breakthrough occurs, experts go out of their way to deny that it will ever happen. Once a discovery has been made, it doesn’t take long to turn that discovery into practical benefits. 5. 5. _______________________________________________________

54. Listening Task 2 1. A. He should take some medicine. B. He should have a good sleep. C. He should see a doctor. 2. A. He read a book. B. He attended a lecture. C. He gave a speech on health. 3. A. The man doesn’t follow her advice. B. The man accepts her advice. C. Apples are no good to his health. 4. A. How to live longer. B. Where to celebrate grandma’s birthday. C. When to celebrate grandma’s birthday. Listen to the four dialogs, and choose the best answer for each of the questions you hear. C A B A

55. Listening Task 2 SCRIPT 1. Man: Mary, I have a bad headache! Mary: Another headache? I think you should go to see a doctor and find out what is causing your constant headaches. Q: What does the woman suggest? 2. Hugh: Wendy, I went to a lecture on how to live a healthy life. The speaker is the author of a famous book. Wendy: Really? Sounds interesting. Q: What did the man do? 3. Wife: Dear, have an apple. You know, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Husband: There you are again. It doesn’t work on me. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 4. Woman: My grandma is celebrating her 100th birthday. Man: Wow! Unbelievable! Maybe we can get some tips from her. Q: What does the man want to know?

56. Listening Task 3 A Survey Report A recent survey shows that the __________ time students go to bed each evening is 11:45 p.m. for senior high school students and 11:18 p.m. for junior high school students. For elementary school students, it is ________ p.m. on average. Compared with 20 years ago, when the Japanese Society of School Health took a survey of sleeping times, these times are ______________________ for elementary school students, half an hour later for junior high school students and 21 minutes later for senior high school students. Students seem to be affected by the loss of sleep. Nearly 40 percent of elementary school students say they felt sleepy during the day. This ___________ rises to about half of all the junior high school students, and 60 percent of students at senior high school. Eating habits are worse as children get older, the ________also finds. Only 10 percent of elementary school students have evening snacks, but the percentage doubles for those in junior high school. The __________for senior high school boys is just over 20 percent. average 20 minutes later 10:04 percentage Listen to the short passage and fill in the blanks with what you hear. survey figure

57. Listening Task 4 Listen to the dialog and tick off the correct statements according to the dialog. 1. Tim goes to the hospital to ☐ visit his friend. ☐ see a doctor. 2. Tim’s friend’s cancer is in ☐ the last stage. ☐ the early stage. 3. Melissa smokes ☐ two or three packs a day. ☐ one pack a day. 4. Melissa may think about ☐ visiting Tim’s friend. ☐ stopping smoking. √ √ √ √

58. Listening Task 4 SCRIPT Melissa: Tim? Are you sick? Tim: No, I am here to visit a friend of mine. She’s just found out that she’s got cancer. M: Oh, no. I am sorry to hear that. How bad is it? T: She’s got lung cancer. But fortunately, it’s in the early stage. The doctors say if she has an operation this week, there won’t be much to worry about. M: What a relief! If there’s anything I can do to help, please let me know. T: I will. Thanks. M: How did she know something was wrong? T: She coughs all the time, and has a pain in her chest. So she went to hospital and had a check-up. M: It’s lucky for her to find it out early. Does she smoke? T: Yes, she smokes a lot. Probably two or three packs a day. M: That’s too much. T: Melissa, I heard that you also smoke. M: Yeah, I only have one pack a day. But now, maybe I should think about quitting smoking.

59. Listening Task 5 ReliefSympathy Oh, thank goodness/heaven(s) (for that). That’s/What a relief ! Well, I’m glad that’s over/to hear that. It’s fortunate/lucky... We’re most relieved to hear... What a load off my mind! It’s a sad thing/really a pity. I’m terribly/very sorry for... I feel pity for... I do hope it’s nothing serious. What a pity/bad luck! Please accept our deepest sympathies. Practice the following expressions with your partner.

60. Listening Task 6 Listen to the dialog and fill in the following table with what you hear. How is the woman feeling? When did she begin to feel ill? How does the doctor give her a check-up? What’s the doctor’s advice? How often should she take the medicine? A bad headache and a sore throat. Last night. The doctor checks her throat and takes her temperature. Stay in bed for a few days and drink plenty of water. Take some medicine. Twice a day.

61. Listening Task 6 SCRIPT Doctor: Good morning. What can I do for you? Woman: Oh, Doctor. I have a bad headache and a sore throat. D: How long have you been like this? W: Since last night. I didn’t sleep at all. D: Do you have a fever? W: Yes. D: Now, open your mouth wide, and say “ah”. W: Ah... D: I also need to take your temperature... W: Is it serious? D:Nothing serious, just a cold. W: Thank goodness. D: But you’d better stay in bed for a few days and drink plenty of water. Here’s your prescription. Take this medicine twice a day. W: Thanks, Doctor. D: You’re welcome. Take care.

62. Listening Task 7 Work in groups and create the following role-play. You don’t feel well and go to see a doctor. The doctor asks you some questions and then gives you a check-up. After knowing the result, you are relieved.

63. Reading B & Reading C Reading B Reading C Text New Words and Expressions Task Text New Words and Expressions

64. Unproven Treatment Cancer and AIDS are the two major life-threatening health problems of the 20 th century in Western countries. Although AIDS appears more in the media, cancer affects more people in society. The response of some people in the 20th century to cancer is similar to the response in the Middle Ages to the life-threatening infectious diseases of those days. In our time, medical science has produced effective treatments for most infectious diseases and we have come a long way in treating many other illnesses. Cancer and AIDS are the two major life-threatening health problems of the 20 th century in Western countries. Although AIDS appears more in the media, cancer affects more people in society. The response of some people in the 20th century to cancer is similar to the response in the Middle Ages to the life-threatening infectious diseases of those days. In our time, medical science has produced effective treatments for most infectious diseases and we have come a long way in treating many other illnesses.life-threatening Reading B Text

65. Progress has also been made in the treatment of cancer and there are some types which can now be cured. Although some cancers are cured by certain surgeries, for most people, the fear is that the disease may return after surgery. When faced with a life-threatening problem, it is little wonder that patients turn to untested treatments. In this respect these patients are not very different from those in ancient times. Progress has also been made in the treatment of cancer and there are some types which can now be cured. Although some cancers are cured by certain surgeries, for most people, the fear is that the disease may return after surgery. When faced with a life-threatening problem, it is little wonder that patients turn to untested treatments. In this respect these patients are not very different from those in ancient times.it is little wonder thatturn to In this respect it is little wonder thatturn to In this respect

66. Reading B Text It is a tragedy that when proven medical treatments do not provide the complete answer, and patients are faced with possible death, some people are able to take advantage of the situation. The media, both electronic and printed, run stories of patients who have received so- called “miracle” cures. These people may have made changes in diet or received “natural” anti-cancer treatments. It is a tragedy that when proven medical treatments do not provide the complete answer, and patients are faced with possible death, some people are able to take advantage of the situation. The media, both electronic and printed, run stories of patients who have received so- called “miracle” cures. These people may have made changes in diet or received “natural” anti-cancer treatments.take advantage of take advantage of

67. Reading B Text Unfortunately these treatments have not been seriously tested and some of the so-called improvements may simply be the result of the natural changes of the cancer problem itself. Practitioners of such treatments may sometimes give worthwhile advice about lifestyle changes, well-balanced diet, exercise, etc. But the patients need to be aware of people who claim they can cure cancer and even more careful when they are told that their problem could have been cured if they had come sooner. Practitioners

68. Reading B Text The time will come when most, if not all, life-threatening diseases will be curable and then practitioners of unproven cancer treatments will disappear from the scene. The time will come when most, if not all, life-threatening diseases will be curable and then practitioners of unproven cancer treatments will disappear from the scene.curable

69. Reading B New Words and Expressions a. causing harm or threat to life; bringing death life-threatening e.g. e.g. A mistake, they say, could be life-threatening. Translation Translation 他的伤口不致命。 His wounds were not life-threatening. Text

70. Reading B New Words and Expressions It is not surprising that It is little (no) wonder that e.g. e.g. Pollution in that city is very serious. It is little wonder that most citizens there are considering leaving. Translation Translation 许多人热衷于网购，一点也不奇怪。 It is little wonder that many people are keen on online shopping. Text

71. Reading B New Words and Expressions to direct one’s interest or attention towards; to go into turn to e.g. e.g. Young kids are likely to turn to their parents for help when faced with difficulties. Translation Translation 他没有人可求助。 He has nobody to turn to. Text

72. Reading B New Words and Expressions in this aspect; at this point in this respect e.g e.g. Therefore we must learn some experience in this respect. Translation Translation 这两个城市在这点上很相似。 These two cities are similar in this respect. Text

73. Reading B New Words and Expressions to benefit by using something take advantage of e.g e.g. Manufacturers in China are expanding to take advantage of further economies of scale. Translation Translation 我利用好天气粉刷了我的房间。 I took advantages of the good weather to paint my room. Text

74. Reading B New Words and Expressions n. someone who practices a particular profession practitioner e.g e.g. A practitioner shall wear the chest card for inspection when working. Translation Translation 他是位有执照的医务从业者。 He is a licensed medical practitioner. Text

75. Reading B New Words and Expressions a. capable of being cured curable e.g e.g. Some types of cancer are curable. Translation Translation 我听一位权威人士说，这个病能治好。 I hear from an authority that this disease is curable. Text

76. Reading B Task Read the passage. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false ( F ). 1.More people are affected by cancer than by AIDS. 2.Nowadays most types of cancers can be cured. 3.The reason why people fear cancer is that the disease tends to return after the surgery. 4.It is quite ordinary for people to try some untested treatments when they face a life-threatening problem. 5. “Natural” anti-cancer treatments have contributed a lot to fighting cancer. 6. According to the passage, the author is optimistic about the future of cancer treatment. T T T T F F

77. Teen Smoking Ads can (1)____________ teens to smoking, but no marketing can turn a kid into a lifelong customer. That’s the job of nicotine. In fact, most young smokers have seriously tried to quit, says Todd of the American Cancer Society. Again, health usually isn’t their top (2)_____________. “They start to notice that their teeth are yellow and their breath smells bad,” he says. “And when they can’t get up in the morning (3)____________ a cigarette, the reality of addiction sets in.” sets insets in Reading C Text attract concern attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without without

78. Of course teens, like everyone else, often have (4) _________ shaking that addiction. Experts believe they need help to strengthen their resolution. For (5) ________, cigarette companies could be forced to place more explicit warning labels on cigarettes. In their opinion, the Canadian approach of putting pictures of (6) _________ lungs on cigarette packages is a step into the right direction. Such a campaign would make the risks more “emotionally meaningful” and might even (7) ____________ some kids from smoking in the first place. Of course teens, like everyone else, often have (4) _________ shaking that addiction. Experts believe they need help to strengthen their resolution. For (5) ________, cigarette companies could be forced to place more explicit warning labels on cigarettes. In their opinion, the Canadian approach of putting pictures of (6) _________ lungs on cigarette packages is a step into the right direction. Such a campaign would make the risks more “emotionally meaningful” and might even (7) ____________ some kids from smoking in the first place.approach Reading C Text trouble starters diseased discourage attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without

79. Physicians could also make their efforts to reduce teen smoking, but they (8) ____________ take the opportunity. A study found that doctors gave advice to young people about smoking at only 1.7 percent of all office visits. Physicians could also make their efforts to reduce teen smoking, but they (8) ____________ take the opportunity. A study found that doctors gave advice to young people about smoking at only 1.7 percent of all office visits. Reading C Text rarely attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without

80. Parents might also have more (9) ___________ on teen smoking than they think: A survey of over 1,000 high school students found that the more parents were involved in their kids’ lives, the (10) __________ likely they were to smoke. Parents might also have more (9) ___________ on teen smoking than they think: A survey of over 1,000 high school students found that the more parents were involved in their kids’ lives, the (10) __________ likely they were to smoke. Reading C Text less influence attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without attract concern discourage diseased influence less rarely starters trouble without

81. to begin; to enter a particular state set in e.g. e.g. Summer sets in a little earlier this year.. tackle Translation Translation 雨季已经来临。 Text Reading C New Words and Expressions The rain season has set in.

82. n. way, method approach e.g. e.g. We must work out an effective approach to solving this problem as soon as possible. tackle Translation Translation 汽车靠近十字路口就减速。 Text Reading C New Words and Expressions The cars slowed down as they approached the crossroads.

83. Writing Writing for General Purposes Task Writing for Specific Purposes Task

84. Writing for General Purposes Development by Definition Definition is often used to explain or clarify a word, term or concept to avoid confusion or misunderstanding. The following points need to be attended to in definition: Circular definition, such as “Scientist is a person who studies science.” should be avoided. Long lists of synonyms ( 同义词 ) should be avoided, which might make ideas more complicated. Personal ideas and subjective ( 主观的 ) judgments should be avoided. Here is an example of a good definition: Museums are places where collections of objects are preserved and displayed. The objects may be anything found in nature or made by man. There are museums devoted to art, science, history, industry, and technology. But museums are no longer just storehouses for collections. Today nearly all museums, large or small, carry on educational programs. Museums offer guided tours, lectures, films, art lessons, and other attractions.

85. Task 1 Read the following definitions and pick out the good ones according to the points listed Above. Writing for General Purposes Task ☐ 1. A patriot is a person who loves his country and is willing to defend or die for it. ☐ 2. A coup is a sudden action against the government, to force it to be changed. ☐ 3. A civil war is a war or state of war between opposing groups of people in the same country. ☐ 4. Prison is a place where prisoners are kept. ☐ 5. A castle is a large strongly-built building or set of buildings made in former times to be defended against attack. ☐ 6. Support is willingness, ability or action to support someone. √ √ √ √

86. Task 2 Write a paragraph about what a computer is. Writing for General Purposes Task Sample Writing: A computer is a machine that performs such tasks as calculation and electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called programs. Programs usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer’s electronics. The program results are stored or routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers. Computers perform a wide variety of activities reliably, accurately, and quickly. Sample Writing: A computer is a machine that performs such tasks as calculation and electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called programs. Programs usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer’s electronics. The program results are stored or routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers. Computers perform a wide variety of activities reliably, accurately, and quickly.

87. Writing for Specific Purposes

89. Writing for Specific Purposes Task Write a letter of congratulation on your friend’s graduation. Sample Writing: Dear Juanjuan, Congratulations on your graduation from Peking University! It seems that it was just yesterday that you called to tell me you were enrolled at the university. It has been four years ever since. How time flies! Congratulations on the job well done at the university! Now it might be the time for you to find a job. I wish you good luck in finding a good job and success in your future undertakings. Do call me when you decide which job to take. Best wishes, Li Mei Sample Writing: Dear Juanjuan, Congratulations on your graduation from Peking University! It seems that it was just yesterday that you called to tell me you were enrolled at the university. It has been four years ever since. How time flies! Congratulations on the job well done at the university! Now it might be the time for you to find a job. I wish you good luck in finding a good job and success in your future undertakings. Do call me when you decide which job to take. Best wishes, Li Mei

90. Presentation Work in groups. Give a 5-minute presentation about your field work. Take notes while listening to other groups. Group Number TopicConclusionComment 1 2 3 4 5 Presentation Notes (Template)

91. 希 望 英 语 （第二版）综合教程 2 外语教学与研究出版社