1. EYE TELE ANALYSER Presented By Gisha S Asok S7 AEI Roll No:23 Guided By Joaquim Ignatious Monteiro lecturer 1

2. OVERVIEW Introduction Technical details Hardware Software Communication system Advantages Conclusion 2

3. INTRODUCTION Telediagnosis system Two subsystems  Server  Client Connected by internet Two control modes:  Server control mode  Client control mode 3

4. HARDWARE Indispensable tool for eye examination. High intensity light source attached to a stereomicroscope. Magnifies all anterior eye structures. Eye images from different angles. SLIT LAMP MICROSCOPE 4

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6. Slit lamp microscope arrangement 6

7. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT MODIFICATION Four step motor systems installed Movement in four directions X, Y, Z, and R-axis Chin support is modified 7

8. Stepper motor arrangement (a)XY table with two motors for the X and Z axes (b) one motor for the Y-axis (c) one motor for the R-axis(d) chin support modification 8

9. VIDEO CAMERA CCD camera of resolution 750×582 pixels Convert analog image signal to digital One image is captured at a time 9

10. DIGITAL CAMERA Capture patient’s full face Nikon D70 is used 10

11. SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE Block diagram 11

12.  GUI Unit P rovides user friendly interaction. Links and call the other unit. Interacts with Database Unit.  Communication Unit Helps sending commands, receiving data, system status. 12

13.  Control Unit Captures the eye image & patient’s photo. Communicates with electronic devices. Control the movement of the motors. Movement characteristics functions  Manual Control  Local Area Auto Focus Control  Repositioning AutoFocus Control  Image Evaluation Unit (IEU) Calculates and returns the focus image Z position 13

14.  Manual Control Adjusts the position by the user.  Repositioning AutoFocus Control Selected area is repositioned at the center. Controls X,Y,& R axes motors.  Local Area Auto Focus Control Adjusts the blurry area. Controls Z axes motor position. 14

15.  Auto Focus Algorithm Finds the best focus value. Z-axis motor moves to initial position. Moves for the whole length of the axis. Accumulates the eye images and their position data. Data are orderly stored. Data are sent to the IEU. IEU calculates the best focus value and its position value 15

16. Position value is sent back to CU CU commands the Z axis motor to move to that position 16

17. Focus value 17

18. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Transfer commands, images, text messages, system status. 3 defined ports :- Port 1 – transfer commands and system status Port 2 – transfer eye image and photo Port 3 – provide chat channel 18

19. ADVANTAGES Comprehensive examination in cost effective manner. Beneficial to patients from rural areas. Accessibility to global eye care experts. Minimize expenditure. 19

20. CONCLUSION Screening tool for blinding eye diseases. Beneficial to ophthalmologists, hospitals, patients. Performs well in both manual and automatic modes. 20

21. REFERENCES [1] J.K. Ledford, “The Slit Lamp Primer,” Slack Incorporated, Thorofare,N.J., 2006. [2] Soumela, J., “Telepresence-aided teleoperation of semi-autonomous work vehicles,” Automation Technology Laboratory, Department of Automation and Systems Technology, Helsinkin University of Technology. [3] Anderson, R. J., and Spong, M. W., “Bilateral Control of Teleportation with Time Delay,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, AC-34, No. 5, 1989. [4] Niemeyer, G., and Slotine, J. E., “Stable Adaptive Teleportation,” IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1991. [5] Groen F.C.A., Young I.T., and Ligthart G.,“A Comparison of Different Focus Functions for Use in Autofocus Algorithms,” Cytometry, vol. 6, pp. 81-91, 1985. [6] Subbarao M., Choi T., and Nikzad A., “Focusing Techniques,” J. Opt. Eng., vol. 32, pp. 2824-2836, 1993.

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