1. ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT & CHARACTERISTICS tutorial CHARACTERISTICS

2. I. II. III.

3. I First Characteristic to categorize (shape) SYMMETRY http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/graphics/dim7s1c.ram http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/animation_quizzes/graphics/dim7s1c.ram RADIAL (round) BI-LATERAL (2 even sides)

4. mesoderm Zygote to Embryo DevelopmentEmbryo

5. A.EARLY DEVELOPMENT http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp20/200200 1.html http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp20/200200 1.html 3 LAYERS OF GASTRULA a. Ectoderm, outer layer, skin, nerves, sense organs b. Mesoderm, middle layer, circulatory, muscle, reproductive & excretory systems. c. Endoderm, inner layer, digestive tract, respiratory system

6. COELOM (body cavity) DIGESTIVE TRACT

7. II. BODY CAVITY DEVELOPMENT 1. COELOMATES ANIMALS W/A BODY CAVITY lined by MESODERM tissue around digestive tract -a fluid filled space for cushioning organs-Like a tube w/in a tube All Vertebrates (animals w/backbones) are COELOMATES, earthworms, crustacean, insects & shellfish

8. 2. PSEUDOCOELOMATES -There is a BODY CAVITY, but the digestive tract is not lined by MESODERM tissue -Roundworms are PSEUDOCOELOMATES II. BODY CAVITY DEVELOPMENT

9. 3. ACOELOMATES -NO BODY CAVITY –solid mass of ectoderm, mesoderm & endoderm tissues, there are no hollow spaces -Flatworms are acoelomates II. BODY CAVITY DEVELOPMENT

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS A. Movement at any point in life cycle Water based movement Some animal movement is only when gametes or zygotes like sea sponges and coral Air based movement flying-insects, birds, bats Land based movement- crawling-snakes, walking- mammals Appendages for movement legs, wings etc

11. B. Digestion on the hyperlinks, click the arrows to advance 1. INTRACELLULAR occurs w/in cells. Use organelles, vacuoles & lysosomes to digest.INTRACELLULAR Sponges, Paramecium 2. EXTRACELLULAR food is broken down inside a gastrovascular cavity & inside cells both use enzymes. Earthworms, Humans some examples

12. Different Types of Structures 1. TRACHEAL TUBES-insects, INTERNALTRACHEAL 2. BOOK LUNGS-Anthropods -crabs, spiders- EXTERNAL 3. GILLS, water animals fish, sharks, EXTERNALGILLS –Fish use a complex gill structurestructure 4. MANTLE LUNGS-Mollusks -snails, Internal membranes for diffusion of gases –Humans are internal, but lungs are membranes, so gases diffuse through our aveoli at the ends of our lung tissue. CO2 goes out O2 goes in C. Respiration Exchange of O 2 /CO 2

14. Air Sacs in birds lungs lungs BookBook lungs Anthropods- spiders, crabs Mantle lungs mollusks Take the quiz after you are done with the animationsquiz Normal Breathing Breathing

15. 2 TYPES OF CIRCULATION SYSTEMS OPEN-Blood is not in veins. Diffuses through membranes CLOSED -blood is in VESSELS, i.e.-veins, capillaries, etc Types of Circulation click the arrow to advance the tutorialCirculation

17. D. Excretion Sweating & Removal of waste that contains NitrogenExcretion Water Animals Excrete Ammonia NH 3 Land Animals- mammals urea as urine Birds & Insects-Excrete uric acid, a thick paste. There is no urine & feces. It is all one package. Simple animals, flatworms, sponges- Diffusion of ammonia through cell membranes

18. Nerves 1. Simple -Nerve net, Chord or ring structuresNerve – Jellyfish, starfish, flatworms E. Respond to Environment

19. 2. CEPHALIZATION more complex-Sensory nerves on end of body. Primitive brain- shell fish, squidCEPHALIZATION Animals that are bilateral usually have a brain Nervous System

20. 3. Central nervous system -more complex animals, mammalsnervous –NERVE NETWORK, Spinal cord, complex brain Nervous System

21. F. Reproduction 1. INTERNAL-more complex organisms, Mammals, some fish – Protects offspring –Produce fewer offspring placentas 2. EXTERNAL-Less complex organisms, Amphibians, Jellyfish, some Insects. Eggs –Lots of offspring, offspring are not protected from the environment