1. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 15 – Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Sensory Receptors I Sensory Receptors II What’s Your Perception? Information Superhighway Stop and Ask for Directions FINAL ROUND

2. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Receptor A has a circular receptive field with a diameter of 2.5 cm. Receptor B has a circular receptive field of 7.0 cm in diameter. Which receptor allows you to more precisely localize a stimulus? a. Receptor A b. They would provide the same precision of sensory information. c. Receptor B d. It would depend on the location of the receptors. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

3. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Receptor A has a circular receptive field with a diameter of 2.5 cm. Receptor B has a circular receptive field of 7.0 cm in diameter. Which receptor allows you to more precisely localize a stimulus? a. Receptor A b. They would provide the same precision of sensory information. c. Receptor B d. It would depend on the location of the receptors. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

4. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Nociceptors are _______. They are sensitive to ______. a. thermoreceptors; extremes of temperature and changes in vibration b. pain receptors; extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, and chemicals released from injured cells c. pain receptors; changes in pressure or stretch in muscles d. chemoreceptors; changes in concentration of chemicals or compounds Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

5. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Nociceptors are _______. They are sensitive to ______. a. thermoreceptors; extremes of temperature and changes in vibration b. pain receptors; extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, and chemicals released from injured cells c. pain receptors; changes in pressure or stretch in muscles d. chemoreceptors; changes in concentration of chemicals or compounds Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

6. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Distinguishing facts concerning tonic receptors include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Tonic receptors are always active. b. The frequency of action potential generation indicates the background level of stimulation. c. Tonic receptors are active for a short time whenever a change occurs in conditions monitored. d. When a stimulus increases or decreases the rate of action potential generation changes. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

7. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Distinguishing facts concerning tonic receptors include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Tonic receptors are always active. b. The frequency of action potential generation indicates the background level of stimulation. c. Tonic receptors are active for a short time whenever a change occurs in conditions monitored. d. When a stimulus increases or decreases the rate of action potential generation changes. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

8. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is incorrect concerning chemoreceptors? a. They are located in the fourth ventricle of the brain and so we are not consciously aware of the sensations they provide. b. Chemoreceptive neurons are located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. c. Chemoreceptors monitor the levels of respiratory gases in blood and CSF. d. None of the above statements are incorrect. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

9. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is incorrect concerning chemoreceptors? a. They are located in the fourth ventricle of the brain and so we are not consciously aware of the sensations they provide. b. Chemoreceptive neurons are located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. c. Chemoreceptors monitor the levels of respiratory gases in blood and CSF. d. None of the above statements are incorrect. Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

10. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of tactile receptor gives you the most information about location size and shape of the source of stimulation? a. root hair plexus b. free nerve ending c. tactile (Merkel’s) disc d. lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

11. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of tactile receptor gives you the most information about location size and shape of the source of stimulation? a. root hair plexus b. free nerve ending c. tactile (Merkel’s) disc d. lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle Topic 1: Sensory Receptors I $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

12. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of general sensory receptor is correctly paired with its function? a. mechanoreceptors: detect changes in temperature b. chemoreceptors: sensitive to stimuli that distort their cell membranes c. thermoreceptors: detect changes in concentration of specific chemicals or compounds d. none of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

13. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of general sensory receptor is correctly paired with its function? a. mechanoreceptors: detect changes in temperature b. chemoreceptors: sensitive to stimuli that distort their cell membranes c. thermoreceptors: detect changes in concentration of specific chemicals or compounds d. none of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

14. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What type of fibers carry information about itch and tickle sensations? a. unmyelinated Type C fibers b. myelinated Type A fibers c. all nociceptors d. none of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

15. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What type of fibers carry information about itch and tickle sensations? a. unmyelinated Type C fibers b. myelinated Type A fibers c. all nociceptors d. none of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

16. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Baroreceptors are located in ______ and detect changes in ______. a. blood vessels; respiratory gases b. respiratory tract; respiratory gases c. carotid bodies; pressure d. digestive tract; pH Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

17. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Baroreceptors are located in ______ and detect changes in ______. a. blood vessels; respiratory gases b. respiratory tract; respiratory gases c. carotid bodies; pressure d. digestive tract; pH Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

18. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What would happen if the information from proprioceptors in your legs was blocked from reaching the CNS? a. You would not experience pain sensations from your legs. b. Your lower limb movements would be uncoordinated. c. You wouldn’t know position or degree of stretch in tendons of your legs. d. B and C are correct. Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

19. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What would happen if the information from proprioceptors in your legs was blocked from reaching the CNS? a. You would not experience pain sensations from your legs. b. Your lower limb movements would be uncoordinated. c. You wouldn’t know position or degree of stretch in tendons of your legs. d. B and C are correct. Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

20. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Someone is gently brushing your arm with a feather. Which type of receptor is stimulated? a. tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles b. tactile (Merkel’s) discs c. root hair plexuses d. all of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

21. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Someone is gently brushing your arm with a feather. Which type of receptor is stimulated? a. tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles b. tactile (Merkel’s) discs c. root hair plexuses d. all of the above Topic 2: Sensory Receptors II $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

22. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A patient who describes their pain as “prickling” is experiencing pain sensations carried by ______. a. substance P b. unmyelinated Type C fibers c. glutamate d. myelinated Type A fibers Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

23. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A patient who describes their pain as “prickling” is experiencing pain sensations carried by ______. a. substance P b. unmyelinated Type C fibers c. glutamate d. myelinated Type A fibers Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

24. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The cerebellum monitors proprioceptive information for which two senses? a. vision and hearing b. hearing and postural information c. taste and smell d. vestibular and visual Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

25. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The cerebellum monitors proprioceptive information for which two senses? a. vision and hearing b. hearing and postural information c. taste and smell d. vestibular and visual Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

26. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. If a sensation is to reach your conscious awareness, there must be a synapse with a _____ in the _____. a. first-order neuron; thalamus b. second-order neuron; primary sensory cortex c. first-order neuron; dorsal root ganglion d. third-order neuron; thalamus Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

27. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. If a sensation is to reach your conscious awareness, there must be a synapse with a _____ in the _____. a. first-order neuron; thalamus b. second-order neuron; primary sensory cortex c. first-order neuron; dorsal root ganglion d. third-order neuron; thalamus Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

28. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following has occurred if you no longer notice the smell of a dirty cat litter box? a. peripheral adaptation b. anosmia c. sensory coding d. central adaptation Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

29. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following has occurred if you no longer notice the smell of a dirty cat litter box? a. peripheral adaptation b. anosmia c. sensory coding d. central adaptation Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

30. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. If transduction does not occur, what do you perceive about a stimulus? a. It is stronger than usual. b. It is as though the stimulus did not take place and you feel nothing. c. UV light was not converted into part of the visible spectrum. d. It is weaker than usual. Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

31. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. If transduction does not occur, what do you perceive about a stimulus? a. It is stronger than usual. b. It is as though the stimulus did not take place and you feel nothing. c. UV light was not converted into part of the visible spectrum. d. It is weaker than usual. Topic 3: What’s Your Perception? $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

32. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. As a result of pressure on her spinal cord, Jill cannot feel touch or pressure on her lower limbs. Which spinal tract is being compressed? a. fasciculus cuneatus b. fasciculus gracilis c. lateral spinothalamic tract d. anterior spinothalamic tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

33. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. As a result of pressure on her spinal cord, Jill cannot feel touch or pressure on her lower limbs. Which spinal tract is being compressed? a. fasciculus cuneatus b. fasciculus gracilis c. lateral spinothalamic tract d. anterior spinothalamic tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

34. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following motor pathways remains uncrossed along its length? a. vestibulospinal tract b. tectospinal tract c. anterior corticospinal tract d. lateral corticospinal tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

35. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following motor pathways remains uncrossed along its length? a. vestibulospinal tract b. tectospinal tract c. anterior corticospinal tract d. lateral corticospinal tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

36. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which spinal tract carries action potentials generated by nociceptors? a. fasciculus cuneatus b. fasciculus gracilis c. lateral spinothalamic tract d. anterior spinothalamic tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

37. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which spinal tract carries action potentials generated by nociceptors? a. fasciculus cuneatus b. fasciculus gracilis c. lateral spinothalamic tract d. anterior spinothalamic tract Topic 4: Information Superhighway $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

38. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The _____ carries sensation of highly localized (fine) touch, while the _____ provides conscious sensations of poorly localized (crude) touch. a. posterior column pathway; anterior spinothalamic tract b. fasciculus gracilis; fasciculus cuneatus c. spinocerebellar pathway; lateral spinothalamic tract d. spinothalamic pathway; spinocerebellar pathway Topic 4: Information Superhighway $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

39. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The _____ carries sensation of highly localized (fine) touch, while the _____ provides conscious sensations of poorly localized (crude) touch. a. posterior column pathway; anterior spinothalamic tract b. fasciculus gracilis; fasciculus cuneatus c. spinocerebellar pathway; lateral spinothalamic tract d. spinothalamic pathway; spinocerebellar pathway Topic 4: Information Superhighway $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

40. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What is unusual about the posterior spinocerebellar tracts when compared with other ascending pathways? a. The decussation of axons in the medulla innervate motor neurons on the opposite side of the body. b. Axons enter the posterior spinothalamic tract on the same side of the body. c. They are the only tracts to carry information about referred pain. d. They carry information along visceral sensory pathways. Topic 4: Information Superhighway $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

41. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What is unusual about the posterior spinocerebellar tracts when compared with other ascending pathways? a. The decussation of axons in the medulla innervate motor neurons on the opposite side of the body. b. Axons enter the posterior spinothalamic tract on the same side of the body. c. They are the only tracts to carry information about referred pain. d. They carry information along visceral sensory pathways. Topic 4: Information Superhighway $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

42. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. An injury involving the superior portion of the motor cortex affects which region of the body? a. upper portion of the lower limb b. upper limb c. lower leg and foot d. both A and B Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

43. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. An injury involving the superior portion of the motor cortex affects which region of the body? a. upper portion of the lower limb b. upper limb c. lower leg and foot d. both A and B Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

44. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. For what anatomical reason does the left side of the brain control motor function on the right side of the body? a. Motor function is controlled by a system of two neurons. b. Motor function is controlled by cranial reflexes. c. The motor area devoted to a particular area becomes larger. d. decussation of axons Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

45. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. For what anatomical reason does the left side of the brain control motor function on the right side of the body? a. Motor function is controlled by a system of two neurons. b. Motor function is controlled by cranial reflexes. c. The motor area devoted to a particular area becomes larger. d. decussation of axons Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

46. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Parkinson’s disease manifests which of the following abnormalities? a. The motor cortex ceases receiving messages from sensory neurons. b. Excitatory neurons in the basal nuclei become more active, leading to faulty control of voluntary movements. c. Axons that synapse in the thalamus no longer convey messages to the motor cortex. d. GABA is released by neurons in excessive amounts. Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions : $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

47. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Parkinson’s disease manifests which of the following abnormalities? a. The motor cortex ceases receiving messages from sensory neurons. b. Excitatory neurons in the basal nuclei become more active, leading to faulty control of voluntary movements. c. Axons that synapse in the thalamus no longer convey messages to the motor cortex. d. GABA is released by neurons in excessive amounts. Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

48. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Why does the motor homunculus depict the hands, face, and tongue hugely out of proportion? a. The brain area devoted to using those regions is vast. b. More motor units are needed for fine control of those areas. c. The cortical areas mapped for controlling those areas overlap with the sensory regions controlling those areas. d. A and C are correct. Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

49. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Why does the motor homunculus depict the hands, face, and tongue hugely out of proportion? a. The brain area devoted to using those regions is vast. b. More motor units are needed for fine control of those areas. c. The cortical areas mapped for controlling those areas overlap with the sensory regions controlling those areas. d. A and C are correct. Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

50. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The medial pathway controls ____, whereas the lateral pathway controls _____. a. gross movements of the trunk and proximal limb muscles; distal limb muscles and precise movement b. background patterns of movement; motor impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord c. subconscious control of balance and muscle tone; subconscious control of reflex activity d. none of the above Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

51. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The medial pathway controls ____, whereas the lateral pathway controls _____. a. gross movements of the trunk and proximal limb muscles; distal limb muscles and precise movement b. background patterns of movement; motor impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord c. subconscious control of balance and muscle tone; subconscious control of reflex activity d. none of the above Topic 5: Stop and Ask for Directions $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

52. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Why is cerebellar control over well-practiced movements, such as swinging a baseball bat, important? a. Voluntary movements begin with activation of far fewer motor units than necessary. b. Concentrating on voluntary control using the motor cortex disrupts the pattern and rhythm. c. Patterns of movement are unchanging. d. Both A and B are correct. FINAL ROUND Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

53. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Why is cerebellar control over well-practiced movements, such as swinging a baseball bat, important? a. Voluntary movements begin with activation of far fewer motor units than necessary. b. Concentrating on voluntary control using the motor cortex disrupts the pattern and rhythm. c. Patterns of movement are unchanging. d. Both A and B are correct. FINAL ROUND Answer BACK TO GAME