1. APUSH American Pageant Chapter 17 By Molly Siebert

2. Slave Uprisings Vesey Conspiracy (1822) in Charleston, SC Vesey Conspiracy (1822) in Charleston, SC –Free Black man named Denmark Vesey –Plot to seize local armories and arm slave population and take possession of city –Plot was spoiled Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831) in VA Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831) in VA –Oversaw killing of nearly 60 whites –Short-lived (approx. 48 hours) –Rebellion crushed and rebels were executed

3. Influential abolitionists William Lloyd Garrison – The Liberator William Lloyd Garrison – The Liberator David Walker (no picture available) David Walker (no picture available)

4. Influential Abolitionists Sojourner Truth (Isabella Baumfree) Sojourner Truth (Isabella Baumfree) Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass

5. Texas Annexation John Tyler joined with John Calhoun in 1843 to write treaty to annex Texas John Tyler joined with John Calhoun in 1843 to write treaty to annex Texas Tyler wanted to gain Southern support by pushing for Texas annexation Tyler wanted to gain Southern support by pushing for Texas annexation Tyler made 2 attempts at annexation and it was rejected both times (1 st by Senate, 2 nd time Congress adjourned before the issue came to a vote) Tyler made 2 attempts at annexation and it was rejected both times (1 st by Senate, 2 nd time Congress adjourned before the issue came to a vote)

6. Texas Annexation Cont. John Tyler was not nominated as a Presidential candidate by the Democrat or Whig party in 1844 – he tried to run as independent, but did not have enough support John Tyler was not nominated as a Presidential candidate by the Democrat or Whig party in 1844 – he tried to run as independent, but did not have enough support Van Buren tried for Nomination by the Democrat party, but was not nominated because he did not support annexation Van Buren tried for Nomination by the Democrat party, but was not nominated because he did not support annexation

7. Texas Annexation Cont. James K. Polk (the “Black Horse” and Jackson protégé) was nominated by the Democrat party James K. Polk (the “Black Horse” and Jackson protégé) was nominated by the Democrat party Polk went against Clay (Whig) and Polk won the election with 170 electoral votes vs. Clay’s 105 votes Polk went against Clay (Whig) and Polk won the election with 170 electoral votes vs. Clay’s 105 votes

8. Texas Annexation cont. After election, Congress reconvened to consider annexation of Texas After election, Congress reconvened to consider annexation of Texas Mood had changed in Congress as a result of Polk’s victory Mood had changed in Congress as a result of Polk’s victory Texas annexation was approved a few days before Polk took office Texas annexation was approved a few days before Polk took office

9. Manifest Destiny John L. O’Sullivan (1845) – charged that foreign governments were conspiring to block the annexation of Texas in an effort to thwart John L. O’Sullivan (1845) – charged that foreign governments were conspiring to block the annexation of Texas in an effort to thwart –“the fulfillment of our manifest destiny to overspread the continent alotted by providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions”

10. 3 Main Ideas behind Manifest Destiny God was on the side of American expansionism God was on the side of American expansionism Phrase “free development” meant extending the area of freedom – Democratic institutions and self-govt. would follow the flag Phrase “free development” meant extending the area of freedom – Democratic institutions and self-govt. would follow the flag Population growth required more land (so that opportunities did not diminish) Population growth required more land (so that opportunities did not diminish)

12. Polk and Oregon “Fifty-four forty or fight” – Coined by the Whigs, but later used by Democratic expansionists “Fifty-four forty or fight” – Coined by the Whigs, but later used by Democratic expansionists Britain and U.S. very close to war over Oregon territory Britain and U.S. very close to war over Oregon territory Brits took initiative to avert war (U.S. settled due to Mexican-American war) Brits took initiative to avert war (U.S. settled due to Mexican-American war) On June 15, 1846 the 49 th parallel became the border On June 15, 1846 the 49 th parallel became the border

13. Mexican-American War Major dispute over where the Texas border lies (Nueces River vs. the Rio Grande) Major dispute over where the Texas border lies (Nueces River vs. the Rio Grande) John Slidell sent to Mexico City to negotiate border and to purchase California and New Mexico John Slidell sent to Mexico City to negotiate border and to purchase California and New Mexico Mexican govt. refused to see Slidell – known as “Slidell’s Rejection” Mexican govt. refused to see Slidell – known as “Slidell’s Rejection”

14. Mexican-American War begins January 1846, Zachary Taylor sent to Rio Grande January 1846, Zachary Taylor sent to Rio Grande April 24, 1846 Mexican troops had “scuffle with American troops” April 24, 1846 Mexican troops had “scuffle with American troops” 11 Americans were killed, so Polk used this to convince Congress to declare war 11 Americans were killed, so Polk used this to convince Congress to declare war

15. CA and NM Fronts John C. Fremont led troops in California John C. Fremont led troops in California Fremont captured California and renamed it the “Bear Flag Republic” Fremont captured California and renamed it the “Bear Flag Republic” Stephen Kearny (“the Longer Marcher”) easily captured Sante Fe Stephen Kearny (“the Longer Marcher”) easily captured Sante Fe Kearny then met up with Fremont in California Kearny then met up with Fremont in California

16. Front in Mexico General Zachary Taylor (“Old Rough and Ready”) – won decisive battle in Northern Mexico in Buena Vista in 1847 General Zachary Taylor (“Old Rough and Ready”) – won decisive battle in Northern Mexico in Buena Vista in 1847

17. Fronts in Mexico Cont. General Winfield Scott (“Old Fuss and Feathers”) – Captured Mexico City on September 14, 1847 General Winfield Scott (“Old Fuss and Feathers”) – Captured Mexico City on September 14, 1847 Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant gained experience later used in the Civil War Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant gained experience later used in the Civil War

18. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Nicholas P. Trist was authorized to negotiate treaty with Mexico Nicholas P. Trist was authorized to negotiate treaty with Mexico Polk recalled Trist, but Trist ignored his orders Polk recalled Trist, but Trist ignored his orders Feb. 2, 1848 Trist signed treaty Feb. 2, 1848 Trist signed treaty –U.S. purchased NM and CA for $15 million –Rio Grande was established border –Mexican residents would become U.S. citizens

19. Results of Mexican-American War U.S. gained 500,000 square miles (enlarged U.S. by 20%) U.S. gained 500,000 square miles (enlarged U.S. by 20%) CA, UT, NM, NV, AZ and parts of CA and WY CA, UT, NM, NV, AZ and parts of CA and WY Led to Gadsden Purchase in 1853, where U.S. gained southernmost parts of present-day AZ and NM Led to Gadsden Purchase in 1853, where U.S. gained southernmost parts of present-day AZ and NM

24. Wilmot Proviso Developed by David Wilmot in 1846 Developed by David Wilmot in 1846 The Wilmot Proviso was a proposal to prohibit slavery in any territories that might be gained from Mexico The Wilmot Proviso was a proposal to prohibit slavery in any territories that might be gained from Mexico