2. The “Father of Genetics” Gregor Mendel 11-1 http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/germplas/pisum/zgs4f.htm http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/genetics%20tutorial.htm

3. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Austrian Monk Bred garden _______ to study inheritance of their characteristics Garden pea plants have both male and female sex cells on the same _____________

4. Transmission of characteristics from _______________________is called ___________________. The science that studies how those ___________ are passed on from one generation to the next is called ___________________

5. Pea plants are self-pollinating Pollination is when male ________ grains are transferred to the female __________ of the flower When male and female gametes unite it is called fertilization

6. In pea plants, the pollen normally joins with an egg from the _______ plant (=_______________ ) so seeds have “_________________” http://hus.yksd.com/distanceedcourses/YKSDbiology/lessons/FourthQuarter/Chapter11/11-1/images/MendelExperiment.gif

7. MENDEL’S PEA EXPERIMENTS Mendel started his experiments with peas that were _________________ = if allowed to _________________ they would produce Offspring ____________ to themselves. http://hus.yksd.com/distanceedcourses/YKSDbiology/lessons/FourthQuarter/Chapter11/11-1/images/MendelExperiment.gif

8. MENDEL’S PEA EXPERIMENTS Mendel transferred pollen from one plant to another plant. This allowed him to _____________ plants with ______________ characteristics and study the results http://hus.yksd.com/distanceedcourses/YKSDbiology/lessons/FourthQuarter/Chapter11/11-1/images/MendelExperiment.gif

9. A specific characteristic is called a ____________ Mendel studied ________in peas. Pearson Education Inc,; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

10. MENDEL’S EXPERIMENTS ____ generation (_________) ____ generation (______= offspring) ___ generation

11. When Mendel ______________ PLANTS with 2 ______________ traits: (EX: Tall crossed with short) He always found same pattern: 1. ONLY ______ trait ____________ in the ____generation BUT... 2. ___________ trait ____________ in the ____ generation in a _________ ratio

12. PATTERNS ARE THE KEY Image modified from: http://www.laskerfoundation.org/rprimers/gnn/timeline/1866.html http://www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/mendel.html

13. Mendel decided that there must be a __________________ that control each trait and that one factor must be able to _______ the other.

14. We now know that Mendel’s ________________ carried on the pair of________________ _____________, one from mom and one from dad. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/Crossover.gif

15. ________ gene _______ for a trait are called ___________. http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/genetics%20tutorial.htm

16. __________________ = An allele that ________ the presence of another allele __________________ = An allele that __________________ the presence of another allele

17. Why did the recessive trait disappear in the F 1 generation and reappear in the F 2 ? Image modified from: http://www.laskerfoundation.org/rprimers/gnn/timeline/1866.html The pattern corresponds to the ____________ of ______________ during ____________________

18. REMEMBER _____________ chromosomes ________________ during ANAPHASE I = _________________ Image modified from: http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/Crossover.gif

19. ____ offspring __________ an allele for tallness from their _______ parent and an allele for shortness from their ________ parent. The F 1 plants ALL ___________ but are ___________ an allele for _____________ Images from: BIOLOGY by Miller & Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing ©2006

20. alleles are separated when the F 1 plants ______________ When these gametes recombined to make the F 2 generation, the _____________ trait _______________ in ¼ of the offspring EXPLAINING the F 1 CROSS LAW OF ___________________ Image from: BIOLOGY by Miller & Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing ©2006