1. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Schematic diagram of a negatively charged slit microchannel of L in length and 2 h in height with a Cartesian coordinate system. Under an applied axial electrical field Ea, EOF of an electrolyte solution is generated. The top and bottom walls of the channel are maintained at constant temperatures Th and Tc with Th > Tc. The presence of such temperature gradient not only drives ions to accumulate on the cold side but also alters thermophysical and electrical properties of the liquid solution, giving rise to a thermal effect on EOF. Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Transverse distributions of the dimensionless ionic concentration (given by Eq. (19)) for three different values of nondimensional electrokinetic height κrefh = 5,50,and 500 and a constant negative zeta potential ζ* = -0.5: (a) cations c1* and (b) anions c2*. The dashed lines denote the cases without imposed temperature difference (gradient). The solids lines depict the cases of thermal effect with γT = 0.04 (the normalized temperature difference γT = ΔTref/Tc) and ETD* = -0.1 (the nondimensional ion thermodiffusion induced electric field ETD*= (((ST1*-ST2*)/2)γT(dΘ/dy*))/ζ*). The dimensionless cationic and anionic Soret coefficients are ST1* = 2.7 and ST2* = 0.2, respectively, indicating both cations and anions migrate to the cold region due to ion thermodiffusion. The reference temperature is Tc = 298.15K. Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Transverse profiles of the dimensionless ion thermodiffusion induced free charge density ρe*|TDexpressed by Eq. (23) for a thin EDL case of κrefh = 500 and a constant negative zeta potential ζ* = -0.5. The square symbols denote no ion thermodiffusion effect, γT = 0.04 and ETD* = 0. The thermal effects on free charge density are shown by the dashed line for the case of γT = 0.04 and ETD* = -0.1 and by the solid line for the case of γT = 0.04 and ETD* = 0.1. Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Transverse distributions of the dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity normalized by the slip velocity us for three different values of nondimensional electrokinetic height κrefh = 5,50,and 500 and a constant of negative zeta potential ζ* = -0.5. The dashed lines denote the dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity without thermal effect u*|no_th expressed by Eq. (33). The solids lines depict the dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity with thermal effect u/us expressed by Eq. (32) when γT = 0.04 and ETD* = - 0.1. Figure Legend:

5. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Thermal effect on transverse profile of dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity normalized by the slip velocity us for a thin EDL case of κrefh = 500 and a constant negative zeta potential ζ* = -0.5. The thermal effect is specified as γT = 0.04 for both cases of ETD* = -0.1 and ETD* = 0.1. The solid lines denote the thermal effect induced dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity u*|th expressed by Eq. (34). The dashed lines depict the ion thermodiffusion induced dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity u*|TD expressed by Eq. (35). The dotted dashed line represents the temperature-dependent permittivity and viscosity induced dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity u*|T expressed by Eq. (40). Figure Legend:

6. Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Thermal Effect on Microchannel Electro-osmotic Flow With Consideration of Thermodiffusion J. Heat Transfer. 2015;137(9):091023-091023-10. doi:10.1115/1.4030240 Transverse profiles of the ion thermodiffusion induced dimensionless electro-osmotic velocity u*|TD given by Eq. (35), the thermoelectricity effect induced dimensionless velocity u*|TE given by Eq. (36), the dimensionless velocity accounting for ion thermodiffusion induced electrical potential and temperature-dependent permittivity u*|C ɛ _Ψ*| TD given by Eq. (37), the dimensionless velocity accounting for ion thermodiffusion induced electrical potential and temperature-dependent viscosity u*|Cμ_Ψ*| TD given by Eq. (38), and the dimensionless velocity due to the free charge density induced by the electrical potential under the ion thermodiffusion effect u*|Ψ*|TD given by Eq. (39). Other parameters used in computing the figure are: γT = 0.04, ETD* = -0.1, κrefh = 500, and ζ* = -0.5. Figure Legend: