1. Understanding Mobile Handheld Device Use and Adoption 董佳雯 张馨元 陈博

2. An Exploratory research project IPO Model Input: user characteristics, message/task characteristics… Process ： two interacting use subprocesses of exploration and experimentation, assessment Output ： outcome of the use process, the actual adoption decision/behaviors

3. Inputs: Factors influencing use Individual Characteristics -Age -Technology self-efficacy -Cultural origin Technology Characteristics -Interface -network capabilities

4. Communication/Task Characteristics -Number of interacting participants -Immediacy of response desired -Volume of response desired -communication objectives Modalities of Mobility -Traveling, wandering, and visiting Inputs: Factors influencing use

5. Context -Economics factors and technological infrastructure -Social factors -Critical mass Inputs: Factors influencing use

6. The Use Process First Step – Choice of appropriate medium of communication and the level of synchronicity – Choice of extent mode, and exclusiveness of use – Adjustment of cognitive frame regarding technology

7. The Use Process Second step – Functional Impact on functional effectiveness and efficiency and on interpersonal relationships – Psychosocial Psychosocial outcomes – Relational Changing relationships among individuals

8. Output—adoption outcome continuity of use over time resource commitment A positive experience with the use process, reflected in favorable assessment in terms of functional, psychosocial, and relational, outcomes, influenced adoption decisions and behavior.

9. Conclusion The areas of m-communication and m- commerce are promising, yet confusion is abundant. While we do not claim the findings presented here are exhaustive, we are hopeful the holistic framework presented will be valuable in advancing knowledge in the emerging area of m-communication and m- commerce.

10. IPO model

11. TAM 外部 变量 感知的 有用性 感知的 易用性 使用的 态度 使用行 为意图 实际系 统使用 Technology Acceptance Model

12. TAM 感知的有用性 (perceived usefulness) 反映一个人认为使用一个具体的系统对他工作业绩提高 的程度 感知的易用性 (perceived ease of use) 反映一个人认为容易使用一个具体的系统的程度 外部变量包括系统设计特征、用户特征 ( 包括感知 形式和其他个性特征 ) 、任务特征、开发或执行过 程的本质、政策影响、组织结构等等

13. TTF model Task-Technology Fit

14. 没有满足组织任务的需求会减低组织对该 服务的有用性认知，同样会降低该服务的 易用性认知 只有当信息技术的功能很好的支持组织的 任务需求时，技术才会被采纳 考虑到技术特点如何影响技术的使用 TTF model

15. 企业短信销售服务系统 TTF model

18. THANK YOU!