1. U.S History PERIOD 4 By:Kaylee Hernandez Delisha Mohammed Kenique Cummings

2. Federali st A political party that consisted of John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and John Adams. Was made after the American Revolutionary war in the late 1700s Supported a strong centralized government to lead the people and thought that the Articles of Confederation were too weak to run America. They also aimed for an economical bank. Promoted friendly relations with Great Britain while opposing France They were at odds with the Democratic-Republicans

3. Democratic- Republicans A political party that consisted of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and others. It was made in opposition to the Federalist and challenged their plans and ideas. (Such as the National Bank.) They supported a decentralized local type of government. Preferred relations toward France rather than Britain, because they felt as if France was more democratic They were more powerful in the south than the north

4. Whigs The Whigs were a political party that was made around the time of Andrew Jackson’s presidency. They supported Jeffersonian Democracy and the American system, but opposed the Jacksonian Democrats. They also supported the power of Congress over the executive branch They saw themselves as modernists of the economical and social future of America

5. Era of Good Feeling Used to describe the national mood of America back in the early 1800s after the war of 1812 It was a time of reflection for national purpose The only political party that remained were the Democratic- Republicans This was seen as a time of transition from the first party system into the second During this time the second national bank was built and James Monroe was president

6. The Second National Bank The Second bank of America was made to continue on the purpose of the first bank after its charter ran out It was located in Pennsylvania and handled the transactions of the U.S. The bank Congress attempted to prolong the banks charter by passing a bill but the Current president at the time, Andrew Jackson, vetoed the bill and therefore the second National Bank

7. Second Great Awakening The Second Great Awakening was a significant religion driven movement started in 1800 It was ignited after the declining interest in religion due to the new innovations of the Industrial Revolution Revivalists starting to meet together and soon began to spark the interest in religion again It changed people’s religion and their perspectives on the principles of life itself. As result the membership in church started to rise substantially

8. Second Great Awakening Leaders Charles Grandison Finney – Was Congregationalist minister was seen as The Father of Modern Revivalism. He most Lyman Beecher –A Presbyterian minister who was also involved in the American Temperance Society. He was seen as a very influential clergyman who saw America as a country where God could be of upmost importance. Barton Stone –A Preacher who was associated with the forming of the Restoration Movement Peter Cartwright –Was a Methodist Revivalist who also happened to be a legislator in Illinois James Finley – An American Presbyterian that graduated from Princeton and was a pastor to many congregations

9. Perfectionsim Perfectionism is a belief that humans can obtain religious, social, and moral perfection, which as a result will conclude in an utopian society for their country. Believers of the religion thought that perfect Christian obedience to God would eradicate sin and therefore make them perfect

10. Abolition Abolition was the strong belief that slaves in the U.S should be freed and considered into society as people and not property. The minority of people who supported this belief were called Abolitionists and some took drastic tactics to end slavery. This sparked an anti-slavery movement called Abolitionism, which was driven partly by Christian motives Goals Abolish slavery Emancipation of slaves End racial discrimination End racial segregation

11. Women’s Rights Movement The Women’s Rights Movement begun through the rise of women who did not want to be stuck in their socially typical sphere of only dealing with home and children. They also wanted to have equality in America instead of being undermined by men. The movement was seen as successful when the 19 th amendment was passed allowing women to vote later in the 1900s. Goals For women to be seen as equal to men For women to have rights to vote and own property To end discrimination against women

12. Significant figures of the Women’s Right Movement Lucy stone – was a known suffragist who strongly supported the movement. She was the first women to graduate from college in Massachusetts. Susan B. Anthony – A feminists who strived during in the Women’s Rights Movement to achieve equality Sojourner Truth – Was an activist and abolitionist that was born into slavery but escaped.

13. Market Revolution An expansion and economic transformation of the marketplace It was the start of a modern commercial economy and proved to be effective with some crops and items being exported to other areas This was also the start of competing prices between different producers of the same category of items The revolution had brought the civilians from a Jeffersonian ideal into Hamilton’s vision for America. The spread of faster transportation such as the railroads

14. The Nullification Crisis During John Quincy Adam’s presidency there was a tariff that was passed. The tariff raised taxes on imported items The tariff benefited the North but hurt the South It was known as the tariff of 1828 or the tariff of abominations This started a movement and those who supported it were called nullies. Most nullies argued that the Tariff was unconstitutional and wanted it to be nullified. Soon South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union The tariff of 1833 was passed and it satisfied the south.

15. Transportation Improvements Railroads were becoming prevalent in popularity for transportation of other goods. Rail networks began to be placed. While that was happening there was other who were actually selling rails. Steamboats became a faster and more reliable way of transportation rather than normal boats. Reasons would be simply because the steam boat has a steam engine that allows the boat to travel long distances with out a flow of stream or wind. In support of the steamboat, canals were made around certain cities and states.

16. Louisiana Purchase A deal between the U.S and France The U.S received over 800,000 square miles of land from France for 15,000,000 dollars. This event was titled one of Jefferson’s greatest acts as president and it was beneficial to out growth The purchase had doubled our land

17. Missouri Compromise As tensions were getting more serious between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups, it became more clear that the balance of the states were at stake. So to maintain that balance Congress passed an amendment that drew an imaginary line across the Louisiana territory, which was north of the parallel 36. it made Northern states free of slavery, but allowed the Southern states to have slaves. This was mostly devised by Henry Clay In a way it separated the North from the South. (Which would eventually cause tension from differences between the two.) The Missouri Compromised stayed in effect until the Nebraska-Kansas Act

18. Memes