1. Waste Management Norway Landfills - regulation and praxis, Stein Lorentzen MSc Environmental geologist BSc Environmental technology

2. Keywords for my presentation Framework condition for Landfills in Norway National legislation and regulations Landfill design. Lessons learnt (from failure?) The waste management industry in Norway, new development Norway in EU, Barents region, North Atlantic region, arctic, ocean current brings all environmental pollutions to the fishing area in the arctic 2

3. 3 Framework condition for waste managment and waste treatment in Norway EU; Landfill directive 1999; National legislation 2002 Tax on landfills National landfill regulations in accordance with EU directive WAC since 2007 Landfill ban from July 2009 Monitoring and aftercare

4. What do EU think; Landfill directive 1999 4

5. Consequenses of EU Landfill directive for landfills in Norway LGR system Leachate treatment Liner Monitoring and reporting Aftercare WAC 10 years implementation time High investments in upgrading landfills 1999-2005 Lessons learnt (from failure?) 5

6. General thinking in the 90s We were unprepared for the EU standard Many small uncontrolled landfills Organization / finance / awareness Climate Geology Building know how Training and education Experience from other countries 6

7. Landfill design ?? A landfill can be expensive or less expensive Good vs Bad design Good design starts with Understanding the locale geology and nature and adapt the landfill to the locale site conditions. Prefeasibility study Modelling ( LandSim) Communication with stakeholders, EA double line / Barrie Drain / leachate head 7

8. Tools for Landfill design Modelling tools (landSim) Monitoring and reporting tools Technical guidance KLIF has provided guidance on; Understanding the national regilation double line / Barrie Monitoring and raporting leachate Risk assessment Financial security for closing and after care www.ladfilldesing.com 8 Drain / leachate head No KLIF guidance on: Leachate treatment LGR Closing and aftercare

9. Software for monitoring, EA reporting, 9

10. 10 Structure of the waste industri Landfills Many small companies 2-3 medium small companies A typical intermunicipal company is owners an operator of just one landfill

11. Liner and double barrier Bentonitt liner HDPE liner Geo textile!! 1 m clay ? 11

12. Drain and Leachate Draining system underestimated In many design Leachate head > 1m 12

13. Adapting to local site condition, geology, Climate and recipient 13

14. Local problems Cold winters Wind littering Bird controll Daily cover 14

15. Landfill nettbox FinnmarkTroms 15

17. Leachate treatment Untreated Discharge to sea To municipal drain Low tech treatment (Aerating, sedimentation) 3-4 RO plants 17

18. LGR System 18

19. 19 National legislation; Landfill ban for degradable waste 01.07.2009 Similar to existing ban in Sweden, Germany … –TOC 10 % (OM 20 %) Approx 1 mio tonnes of waste will have to be dirverted –Incineration –Biological treatment –Material recovery Treatment capacity under planning/construction BUT Transsissional period needed

20. Consequence of landfill ban 20

21. Closing and aftercare Small and old landfill can be the biggest polluter Hard to find money for action Top capping ? Gas emission ? Leachate leakage in front Monitoring Clean up ? 21

22. After the landfill ban, new development MBT Biocell Landfilling Landfills for inorganic waste (contaminated sediments, ash,, concrete, C&D WtE plants / insineration Biogas plants 22

23. Defining the waste industry, and the waste hierarchy 23

24. Composting incineration (WtE) (biogas) 24

25. Biogas 25

26. Biogas What to import from Norway 26

27. 27 New development WtE

28. 28 Waste incineration in Europe Norway: –Today waste export to Sweden –Landfill ban 1.7.09 –Plans to doble the capacity within three years –Might have over capacity in 2012. Sweden : –Landfill ban for organic waste since 2005 –Substantial development last years –Tax on incineration from 01.07.06 –Well developed district heating system –Focus on renewable energy production Denmark: –Regulated market with export and import restriction –Liberalisation of commersial waste market Germany......

29. 29 District heating in Norway Limited grid –Largest cities and some industrial areas Investment in district heating must be taken at the same time as incineration facility Diagram: Share of district heating in Nordic Countries

30. 30 New trends and development Waste management used to be collection and treatment of waste It was local companies Small organizations It was landfills Tool in climate politics Producing Energy Reducing pollution (environmental pollutans ) International goals Export / import New technology (WtE, MBT, bioGas) New organization New industry New structure New know how Information and communication New jobs !

31. 31 Landfills are the solution to pollution But requires high standards Good design The first step in development Safe end treatment Storing Reducing emission Cost effective