1. 1 Current International Efforts to Combat Maritme Piracy

2. 2 Sea Piracy: A Growing Phenomenon 2004 –Cooperation in the Malaca Straights 2005 – Increase in sea piracy in the Gulf of Aden and off the coast of Somalia 2005-2009 – Number of actual and attempted attacks in Gulf of Aden increases from 10 to 116.* 2010 – Decrease in successful attacks, but rising number of attacks outside the IRTC. *Statistics taken from ICC IMB January 2010 Annual Report on “Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships”

3. 3 Origins of the International Response UNSC 1814 (May 2008) UNSC 1816 (June 2008) Encourages States to “be vigilant” UNSC 1838 (October 2008) Encourages States to actively fight piracy UNSC 1846 (December 2008) Right to enter Somali territorial waters

4. 4 International Military Response COMBINED TASK FORCE: CTF 150/151 NATO MISSIONS: Allied Provider - October 2008 – December 2008 Allied Protector – March 2009 - August 2009 Ocean Shield – August 2009 - December 2012 EU MISSION (EUNAVFOR): Atalanta - December 2008 - December 2012

5. 5 EU and NATO Naval Assets Deployed Naval Vessels France – 1 (EU) Germany – 1 (EU) Greece – 2 (EU/NATO) Italy – 1 (NATO) Netherlands – 1 (EU) Spain – 1 (EU) Sweden – 1 (EU) Turkey – 1 (NATO) UK – 1 (NATO) US – 1 (NATO) Other Naval Assets Germany – 1 (EU) Luxembourg – 1 (EU) Spain – 1 (EU) Sweden – 1 (EU) Portugal – 1 (EU)

6. 6 SHADE Shared Awareness and Deconfliction European Union NATO CMF - CTF 151 Other Countries SHADE

7. 7 UNSC 1851 leads to Contact Group Participants: 50 countries and 7 IO’s Four Working Groups to focus efforts –WG1: Military coordination/Capacity building (UK-led) –WG2: Legal/Judicial issues (Danish-led) –WG3: Shipping Self-Awareness (U.S.-led) –WG4: Public Information (Egypt-led)

8. 8 Regional Distribution of Contact Group Participants

9. 9 Capacity Building Initiatives Djibouti Code Trust Fund Contact Group Trust Fund UNODC EU Training Mission

10. 10 Economic/Resource Challenges Large cost of military operations Difficult to sustain internal development efforts during a global economic crisis Ransom payments could finance terrorist or criminal organizations

11. 11 Legal Challenges Contact Group - Working Group 2 UNODC Bilateral agreements UNSC 1918 Use of armed guards

12. 12 Best Management Practices Communicate with UKMTO Register with MSCHOA Train Crew on self protection measures Review security threat

13. 13 Haradheere

14. 14 Next Steps?