1. Protein Notes 252-253

2. Proteins Proteins monomers are called amino acids –Peptide Bond: Bond between 2 Amino Acids: H2OH2OH2OH2O

3. Proteins A chain of amino acids are called “polypeptides” “Many Peptides” Polypeptides fold and twist to form a specific shape Two or more polypeptides form a complete protein These shapes allow proteins to function Polypeptides

4. Endo-membrane System A system of membrane organelles that are inter-related in their function

5. How are the organelles of the endomembrane system inter- related? Take notes on the following slides as your teacher narrates what is happening

6. How does this design compare to what we have already learned about protein synthesis? What’s up? I am the Nucleus… what do I do for the cell? Do you remember me? I’ll give you a hint: I am in charge of making ribosomes and the RNA used to make proteins! Well, before we go too far, we must not forget about me! Sometimes I’m rough and sometimes I’m smooth… no matter what, I’m always important to protein synthesis! I have a bit of a complex, because I go by several different last names. However, my first name is always Golgi. Which does give me a complex as well… I am a ribosomal subunit… soon to become a ribosome. Follow me as I travel to the E.R.

22. Now let’s look at some more detailed animations! http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/ flashanimat/cellstructures/dna.swf http://www.johnkyrk.com/er.html

23. How are proteins created by the “free” ribosomes differ in destination from the proteins created by the “attached” ribosomes of the ER? Attached Ribosomes: They make proteins that are either 1) secreted out of the cell 2) attached to the plasma membrane 3) stays enclosed in a membrane to function as another organelle, such as a lysosome. Free Ribosomes: They make proteins that stay within the cytoplasm. The cell uses these proteins itself.

24. You will now create a poster of the endomembrane system to demonstrate your understanding of how all the organelles work together.