1. Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products, is opening its next franchise in the town of Plainsville. The store should prove to be very successful: Nature's Way franchises tend to be most profitable in areas where residents lead healthy lives, and clearly Plainsville is such an area. Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. Finally, Plainsville's schoolchildren represent a new generation of potential customers: these schoolchildren are required to participate in a fitness-for-life program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age. Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. 1.The sales report is weak in its credibility because merchants, whose truly purpose is touting their merchandise, make such claims. 2. The report, granted, is credible, we have no clues that the main group of consumers, who purchase stocks, is local residents. 3.Buying sports garments could just be a fashion choice rather than a manifesto of sports mania. 4.The sales of sports-stuff could have been very rare in the past and,even it had reached a historical height, still low in quantity. The local health club has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. 1.Full does not mean a lot. The speaker neglect to consider the scale of those clubs. 2. Surely the consciousness of keep strong and healthy has been rooted, but a lot of them have no perseverance in doing so. Finally, Plainsville's schoolchildren represent a new generation of potential customers: these schoolchildren are required to participate in a fitness-for-life program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age. 1.The number of these school children. 2. The purchasing power and the possibility they will choose N, still remains unknown. : Nature's Way franchises tend to be most profitable in areas where residents lead healthy lives. 1.The market environment of P might be very unlike with other areas. The income and expense level, the completion from local stores. Conclusion: The store should prove to be very successful Clearly Plainsville is such an area where residents lead healthy lives. 1.Having physical training does not necessarily mean ingestion of health food, or consume other health-product that N could supply. Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

2. Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia. Using an observation- centered approach to studying Tertian culture, he concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. Recently another anthropologist, Dr. Karp, visited the group of islands that includes Tertia and used the interview-centered method to study child-rearing practices. In the interviews that Dr. Karp conducted with children living in this group of islands, the children spent much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. Dr. Karp decided that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture must be invalid. Some anthropologists recommend that to obtain accurate information on Tertian child-rearing practices, future research on the subject should be conducted via the interview-centered method. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation. Dr. F 20years ago, Using O- method 1.Might have lesser intervene with the process of T people ‘s daily life. Children were reared by the entire village Dr. K Recently, Using I-method 1.Dr. K make a False Space analogue by introducing other islands, which are irrelevant parameters, in this study. 2. The environment and convention may change after two decades. False time analogue. 3.Intentioned interview and dialogues could interfere the quotidian behavior and diminish the authenticity of the result. 4.The design of the interview still remain unknown about its plausibility. Children talk about biological parents much more than other adults in village.. Dr. K decided that Dr. Field's conclusion about T village culture must be invalid 1.The mechanism of rearing a child is not just conversation: food and other life supplement might be produced and share in a scale of entire village. Thus, to infer a negative attitude to Dr. F’s conclusion would be illogical. Some anthropologists recommend that to obtain accurate information on Tertian child-rearing practices, future research on the subject should be conducted via the interview-centered method. 1.Despite the insufficient evidences Dr. K has put forward, there are no more proof to support his conclusion, hence it is arbitrary to such recommendation.

3. The council of Maple County, concerned about the county's becoming overdeveloped, is debating a proposed measure that would prevent the development of existing farmland in the county. But the council is also concerned that such a restriction, by limiting the supply of new housing, could lead to significant increases in the price of housing in the county. Proponents of the measure note that Chestnut County established a similar measure ten years ago, and its only modestly since. However, oppohousing prices have increased nents of the measure note that Pine County adopted restrictions on the development of new residential housing fifteen years ago, and its housing prices have since more than doubled. The council currently predicts that the proposed measure, if passed, will result in a significant increase in housing prices in Maple County. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction. question （疑问） 1. 对于给出的建议，是否考量了各个论据的方方面面 2. 对于未考量的方面的质疑，是否会左右建议 Proponents C County 10 years ago House price increase a modestly. Opponents P County 15 years ago House price doubled. M County Now ? Currently predicts that the proposed measure, if passed, will result in a significant increase in housing prices in Maple County. 1.The county council should check the equilibration between supply and demand. 2.Despite of set limits to the development of existing farmland, the county council should alternatives for this case. Both examples failed to bring plausibility to this case for: 1.False time analogue. Market circumstance could be totally different. 2.False space analogue. To use these for references, on should consider the population, total area of arable land, expense level, and the detail of price’s shift. Council prevent the development of existing farmland in the county. Is there any other options

4. O university procedure 15 years ago Professor higher grade, GPA rise 30% 1.The position of the speaker based on the assumption that, in order not to be bad rated, professors forced to assign a higher grade to their students. This is a classic post hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy. 2.The author failed to elucidate the effect of the taken procedure: by the impact, professors of O has make change to their education system and successfully help students to succeed in their study. The potential employment suspect the authenticity of student achievement. 1.The points, which was from some employers, and used for supporting the speaker’s argument, can not be a comprehensive description of the employee from O. 2.The graduates from O marked by low- efficiency and poor performance in work Employment rate lower than A 1.Employment rate of A might be constantly higher than that of O in history. 2.Moreover, even still lower than A, the employment rate of A could have been higher than before. 3.The existence of similar evaluate system in A was mentioned, thus it could be meaning less to compare O and A. To enable its graduates to secure better jobs, Omega University should terminate student evaluation of professors. Fifteen years ago, Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors. Since that time, Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes, and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by 30 percent. Potential employers, looking at this dramatic rise in grades, believe that grades at Omega are inflated and do not accurately reflect student achievement; as a result, Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University. To enable its graduates to secure better jobs, Omega University should terminate student evaluation of professors. Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.