1. 人教课标 高二 必修 5 Unit 1

3. There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.

4. Alexander Bell electricity Thomas Edison the First telephone Laite Brothers the electric Lamp Madame Curie black holes in Universe Franklin Theory of Gravity Steven Hawking the First Plane Elbert Einstein Radium Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity

5. Who is he? He is … Archimedes ( 阿基米德 ) Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?

6. Charles Darwin. Who is he? He is … Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?

7. Thomas Newcomen. Who is he? He is … Who invented the first steam engine?

8. Gregor Mendel Who is he? He is … Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?

9. Marie Curie Who is he? She is … Who discovered radium?

10. Thomas Edison Who is he? He is … Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?

11. Leonardo da Vinci Who is he? He is … Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?

12. Humphry Davy Who is he? He is … Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?

13. Stephen Hawking Who is he? He is … Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward

14. put forward 提出 e.g. He put forward a valuable suggestion at the meeting. Josh put forward a plan for an outing this weekend. 【拓展】 ★ 我们在以前还学过表示 “ 提出 ” 的短语， 它们是 ________ 和 come up with 。 bring up

15. ★ 常见的 put 短语还有： put away 收起来；存蓄 put off 推迟，延期 put on 穿上，戴上；上演 put out 使熄灭；生产；出版 put through 接通电话；使经历；使通过 put up 举起；修建；张贴

16. 小试 【小试】 选用以上短语的适当形式填空。 1. The suggestion ___________ by Mr. Wang at yesterday’s meeting was a wonderful one. 2. They decided to ______ the picnic because of the rain. put forward put off

17. 1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in?

18. Draw a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make a question Find a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence Please put the 7 stages in right order according to the passage.

19. 2. What do you know about infectious diseases? What do you know about cholera?

20. Germany Great Britain Death of first cholera case in London during the 1848-49 epidemic London Previous cholera epidemic in Great Britain in 1831-32 The spread of cholera

21. 3. Look at the picture, the map and the title and predict the content of the reading passage. Then skim it quickly to see if you are right.

22. John Snow

23. Read the text (P2-3) quickly and complete the main idea of it. The text is mainly about _____ ______ and how he _______________. John defeated cholera Snow

24. I. To prove a new scientific idea, seven stages are needed. Read the text (P2-3) carefully and fill in the blanks.

25. Stage 1 Find a problem A large number of people died of cholera, but neither its 1. _______ nor its 2. _____ was understood. Stage 2Make a question ◆ Theory one: Cholera 3. ___________ in the air and floated around until it found its victims. ◆ Theory two: When people 4. ___________ cholera into their bodies with meals, their bodies were attacked. cause absorbed multiplied cure

26. Stage 3 Think of a method Began to gather information to 5. _______ that the second theory was correct. Stage 4 Collect results Marked where the dead people had lived on a(n) 6. ______. Stage 5Analyse the results Looked into the 7. ________ of the water to see if the problem was the water. map prove source

27. Broad Street Many deaths happened here. No death happened here. The water from the pump was to blame. Public house

28. Small, white, flocculent particles The water was from the river which had been polluted by the dirty water from London.

29. Stage 6 Find supporting evidence Found supporting evidence from two other deaths: Both of them died of cholera after 8. _____________________. Stage 7Draw a conclusion ◆ 9. _______________ carried the virus. ◆ All the water supplies should be 10. _________. drinking the water Polluted water examined extra evidence: A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also died.

30. I. Choose the best answer. 1. We know from the text that John Snow ______. A. had collected information before cholera broke out B. felt not quite sure after he finished the map C. helped the woman from Broad Street D. became famous after defeating cholera

31. 2. Why did John Snow use a map in his research? A. It could help him find exactly how many people died of cholera. B. It could help him find the source of drinking water for people. C. It could help him organize his ideas and find evidence. D. It could help him find his way in Broad Street.

32. 3. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text? A. Because it caused many deaths. B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria. C. Because it was defeated with the help of the King. D. Because it was the most deadly disease of its day.

33. I.Number these events in the order that they happened. ___ John Snow began to test two theories. ___ An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854. ___ John Snow marked the deaths on a map. 1 2 4

34. ___ He announced that the water carried the disease. ___ John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe. ___ King Cholera was defeated. ___ He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump. ___ He had the handle removed from the water pump. 3 5 6 7 8

35. Answer these questions. 1. John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it? John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.

36. 2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water- drinking habits. He

37. identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.

38. 3. Cholera was a 19 th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today? Why? Three diseases, which are similar today, are SARS, AIDS and bird flu, because they are serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.

39. Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice. What should you do if you’re travelling to a country that has a cholera outbreak?

40. Eat only food that’s been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you’ve peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish.

41. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors. "Boil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it."