1. 2nd Meeting Elements of Good Writing - SPA
ENGLISH 2 KU1022
Aris Hermansyah S.
2nd Meeting Elements of Good Writing - SPA

2. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
SPA is an acronym that stands for subject, purpose, and audience-three of the most important elements of good writing.
You will find it easier to write if you have
a subject that you know well and understand.
a clear purpose for writing.
an audience that you have identified.
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

3. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Subject
In order to write well, it is helpful to choose a topic that interests you and that you know and understand. If you are assigned a subject, try to find an angle or focus of that subject that you find interesting and want to explore.
You will usually have to go through a process of narrowing down the general subject until you find an appropriate topic.
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

4. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Subject
Example : ENTERTAINMENT
Concerts
ROCK MUSIC
The Rolling Stones
World Tour
In the next example, the same general subject, entertainment, has been narrowed down to the silent film era.
ENTERTAINMENT
Movies
MOVIE HISTORY
Early History
Silent Film Era
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

5. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Subject
Exercise:
Television Programs
…..
Dream Places
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

6. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Purpose
Whenever you write something, it is important to think about your purpose. To determine your purpose, you should ask yourself the question, "Why am I writing?"
The three most common purposes for writing are to entertain, to inform, and to persuade. However, these three purposes are not always mutually exclusive. It is possible for a piece of writing to accomplish several purposes at the same time.
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

7. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Purpose
Read the following paragraph and decide whether the author's purpose is to entertain, to inform, or to persuade.
The president is due in Atlanta on February 13 for a campaign fund-raising dinner, the White House said yesterday. The president is expected to arrive in Atlanta after giving a speech at the Department of Health and Human Sources in Washington, D.C. He will return to the White House later that night.
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

8. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Purpose
Decide whether these types of writing to entertain, to inform, or to persuade.
Plays Letters
Jokes Essays
Newspaper articles Editorials
Memos Textbooks
Stories Poetry
Novels Analyses
Songs Instructions
Comparisons
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

9. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Audience
What you write about (subject) and your reason for writing (purpose) are greatly affected by whom you are writing for (audience).
Remember that all audiences have expectations, but those expectations vary from one audience to another.
By knowing the audience of your writing, you can choose the appropriate words and vary your tone.
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

10. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Audience
Read the following two s and notice the difference in tone.
To :
Subject : Mexico City
Hi,Sis!
Guess what? I'll be in Mexico City on the 8th for a business meeting. I’ll have some free time in the 4 PM. Let's have dinner together. OK? By the way, I bumped into your old friend Sally last week. She asked me how you were doing. I guess she hasn't heard from you in a while. Why don't you give her a call? See you soon. :-) - Jack
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

11. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Audience
To :
Subject : Seoul 
Dear Mr. Hill
I will be in Seoul on October 8th and would like to meet with you and show you our new product line. If this is agreeable to you, I can meet you at your office at 4:00 P.M. I look forward to hearing from you.
Jack Norris
Which one uses more formal language?
Which one is more conversational?
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

12. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Exercise
What is the SPA of the following picture?
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting

13. Elements of Good Writing: SPA
Exercise
Find a picture from the internet
Make a writing with appropriate SPA based on the
picture you’ve found!
ENGLISH 2 2nd Meeting