2. 2 = 1 + 1 3 = 1 + 2 = 2 + 1 4 = 1 + 3 = 3 + 1 = 2 + 2 5 = 4 + 1 = 3 + 2 = 2 + 3 = 1 + 4 6 = 5 + 1 = 4 + 2 = 3 + 3 = 2 + 4 = 1 + 5 7 = 6 + 1 = 5 + 2 = 4 + 3 = 3 + 4 = 2 + 5 = 1 + 6 8 = 6 + 2 = 5 + 3 = 4 + 4 = 3 + 5 = 2 + 6 9 = 6 + 3 = 5 + 4 = 4 + 5 = 3 + 6 10 = 4 + 6 = 5 + 5 = 6 + 4 11 = 5 + 6 = 6 + 5 12 = 6 + 6 24 1011 563 8 7 12 9

3. 2 = 1 + 1 3 = 1 + 2 = 2 + 1 4 = 1 + 3 = 3 + 1 = 2 + 2 5 = 4 + 1 = 3 + 2 = 2 + 3 = 1 + 4 6 = 5 + 1 = 4 + 2 = 3 + 3 = 2 + 4 = 1 + 5 7 = 6 + 1 = 5 + 2 = 4 + 3 = 3 + 4 = 2 + 5 = 1 + 6 8 = 6 + 2 = 5 + 3 = 4 + 4 = 3 + 5 = 2 + 6 9 = 6 + 3 = 5 + 4 = 4 + 5 = 3 + 6 10 = 4 + 6 = 5 + 5 = 6 + 4 11 = 5 + 6 = 6 + 5 12 = 6 + 6 0 1 Chance of rolling an even number 0 1 Chance of rolling an odd number equal chance 0.5 50% 0.5 50%

4. Odd = move right Even = move left goodbad

5. 1.Have a 10-sided die 2.Record the chance of rolling each number as a fraction, as a decimal and as a percentage on a number line. 3.Record the chance of rolling an even number as a fraction, as a decimal and as a percentage on a number line. 4.Record the chance of rolling a number greater than 2 as a fraction, as a decimal and as a percentage on a number line. Reflection: How can we record chance as fractions, decimals and percentages on a number line? Investigation: Problem Solving Lisa rolled a 10-sided die. The chance of rolling a 1 is 50% 25% 10% 20% Problem Solving Lisa rolled a 10-sided die. The chance of rolling a 1 is 0.5 0.25 0.1 0.2

6. Investigation: 1.Create a spinner with 10 sections. 2.Colour a different number of sections different colours, for example, 3 red, 2 yellow, 1 black and 4 blue. 3.Record the chance of spinning each colour as a fraction, as a decimal and as a percentage on a number line. Reflection: How can we record chance as fractions, decimals and percentages on a number line?

7. Investigation: 1.Have 2 coins. 2.Conduct a chance experiment to determine the 4 possible combinations from 1 toss. 3.Record the chance of tossing each combination as a decimal and as a percentage on a number line. Reflection: How can we record chance as fractions, decimals and percentages on a number line? Problem Solving Lisa tossed 2 coins. The chance of tossing 2 heads is 50% 25% 10% 20% Problem Solving Lisa tossed 2 coins. The chance of tossing 2 heads is 0.5 0.25 0.1 0.2

8. Investigation: 1.Have a board game. 2.Play the game to investigate whether it is a fair game and how it was designed to allow for fairness. 3.Time the length of time it takes to finish the game and discuss whether this is an appropriate length of time. Reflection: How did the creators of the board game ensure it was fair?

9. Investigation: 1.Use data from the chance experiments involving dice, spinners or coins to design a game of chance where one player has a greater chance of winning than the other players OR where each player has an equal chance of winning. Examples 2.Decide on the optimum number of spaces and moves. This could be done with chalk on a hard surface outside. 3.Keep records of the number of moves each child makes with one number of spaces, then vary the number of spaces to lengthen / shorten the game. 4.You could design your own dice or spinners. Reflection: How did you ensure your game was fair? Problem Solving Joan is designing a game of chance using these two spinners. If she wanted design a game of chance where one person had a greater chance of winning, what sum would she choose for this person? Problem Solving Fiona makes this spinner for a game of chance. Does every shape have an equal chance of being spun?

11. Investigation: 1.Investigate apps that allow players to gamble – sometimes with real money. Reflection: Do you think that gambling apps are designed to be fair or unfair to the player?

12. Investigation: 1.Investigate the odds (chance) of winning public lotteries – the odds are recorded on the entry forms. Reflection: Why do you think they have to put the odds on the entry forms?

13. Investigation: 1.Investigate the odds (chance) of winning on gaming machines – the odds are recorded on the machines. Reflection: Why do you think it is the law to state the odds of winning in a visible place?

14. Investigation: 1.Investigate the odds of winning on sports betting. Reflection: Why do you think that people participate in betting activities where the odds of winning are so low?

15. Investigation: 1.Investigate the amount of revenue a club makes from poker machines, a bookie or the TAB makes from sport betting, the state makes from lotteries, etc Reflection: Why do you think that traditionally, clubs are very resistant to changes in laws that make odds more transparent to players?

16. Investigation: 1.With your class, a partner or small group, engage in a discussion about responsible gambling – only gambling an amount that you are prepared to lose, predicting that players will lose more often than they will win because the game has been designed to give the organiser a greater chance of winning. Reflection: Why do you think people gamble when the odds of winning are so poor?

17. Investigation: 1.With your class, a partner or small group, engage in a discussion about the advertising of gambling during sports telecasts. Discuss how advertising during a time when the audience is engaged emotionally increases the chance that irresponsible gambling will occur. Reflection: How did the discussion change the way you think about advertising during sport?

18. Investigation: 1.Engage in a discussion about chance in other areas of life, for example, getting caught when breaking the law. Discuss whether people think they will get caught when they are breaking the law. If possible consider asking a community police officer to bring data on the percentage of crimes that are solved. (A very high percentage of law breakers do not think they will get caught, demonstrating that they have no understanding of using data to predict chance!) Reflection: How do you think an understanding of how to use data to predict chance may help you to make decisions in real life situations?