1. Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communications Librarian W.E.B. Du Bois Library, UMass Amherst mbillings@library.umass.edu 413-545-6891

2.  Introduction & Some Background  Recent Trends & Charting New Territory  Working with Faculty – New Roles  Institutional Repositories  Digital Publishing  Q&A and Discussion March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings2

3.  Land-grant University  Flagship of 5 campus UMass System  Students – 27,000 (6000 grads)  Faculty – 1,180  Academic environment ◦ 88 bachelor’s degree programs, 73 master’s and 53 doctoral programs  Research ◦ Over $140 million / year Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27, 2010 3

4.  4 Libraries (Du Bois, ISEL, Image, Music)  Over 3.5 million volumes  43,000 journal subscriptions  190 librarians, staff, and students  Recent Initiatives ◦ Learning and Teaching Commons ◦ Scholarly Communications and IR March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings4

5.  “Crisis” of ’90s  Increasing amounts of research and scholarship born in digital form  Need to collect and preserve this material  Examine new scholarly publishing models Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27, 2010 5

6.  Digital repositories ◦ Unified open access to and preservation of the electronic collections of works of members of the institution’s community  Open access journals ◦ Journals available at no cost to end user ◦ May or not be refereed ◦ Typically available in electronic format Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27, 2010 6

7.  Downloaded more than traditionally published materials (Davis et al, 2008)Davis et al, 2008  More opportunities for easier collaboration among researchers  Cited more than restricted (non-open access) materials in some disciplines (Lawrence, 2001)Lawrence, 2001

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9.  Perception of faculty members ◦ What value is there in publishing in open access journals?  Impact on tenure and promotion?  Potential problems with author pays financial model?  Copyright Issues ◦ Who owns the copyright to works published in an open access journal? ◦ What can a faculty member do to preserve the right to post a previously published work to an open access journal? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings9

10.  Retain Author Rights http://www.arl.org/sparc/author/ http://www.arl.org/sparc/author/ ◦ Reproduction ◦ Distribution ◦ Public performance ◦ Modification of original work

11. 11  Education Opportunities  Modify publisher contracts ◦ Scholar’s Copyright Addendum Engine http://scholars.sciencecommons.org/ ◦ Creative Commons licenses http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

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14.  Faculty roles ◦ Author ◦ Editor / Editorial board / ◦ Peer reviewer  Investigate current publisher policies ◦ Sherpa / RoMEO website http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php ◦ Publisher websites March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings14

15.  National Science Foundation http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/documents/2000/nsb0010 6/nsb00106.htm  National Institutes of Health http://publicaccess.nih.gov/  Wellcome Trust http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/doc_WTD002766.html http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/doc_WTD002766.html  FRPAA (Federal Research Public Access Act) http://www.taxpayeraccess.org/issues/frpaa/index.shtml http://www.taxpayeraccess.org/issues/frpaa/index.shtml March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings15

16.  Institutional Digital Repositories ◦ Directory of Open Access Repositories http://opendoar.org ◦ My example - ScholarWorks @ UMass Amherst http://scholarworks.umass.edu http://scholarworks.umass.edu  Disciplinary Repositories ◦ arXiv.org http://arxiv.org/http://arxiv.org/ ◦ RePEc http://repec.org/http://repec.org/ ◦ ESENCe http://ethicslibrary.orghttp://ethicslibrary.org ◦ Other examples March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings16

17.  Proactive response to scholarly communication and open access issues  Showcase for scholars and institution  Ease of use by faculty and researchers  Long-term preservation, persistent urls  Wide dissemination of intellectual output  More frequent citations March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings17

18.  Material submission, ingest  Metadata application  Access control  Data management  Dissemination of content  Preservation, durability, storage March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings18

19.  Institutionally defined  Scholarly  Cumulative and perpetual  Centralized management  Open and interoperable (OAI-compliant) March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings19

20.  Rieh, Soo Young, et al. “Census of Institutional Repositories in the U.S.: A Comparison Across the Institutions at Different Stages of IR Development.” D-Lib Magazine 13, no. 11/12 (2007) http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november07/rieh/11rieh.html ◦ Leaders: Who bears the responsibility for IR planning, pilot-testing, and implementation? ◦ Funding: From where does IR funding come? ◦ Content: What types of document are in IRs, and which content recruitment methods are most popular? ◦ Contributors: Who contributes to IRs? ◦ Systems: Which IR systems are most prevalent? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings20

21. March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings21 Leaders  “In general, librarians lead the IR effort in all stages of IR development.” ◦ Library role as steward of scholarship ◦ Collection development expertise ◦ Liaison role with faculty ◦ Center of expertise on metadata ◦ Commitment to long-term preservation ◦ Complementarity of repository and licensed digital materials

22.  Wide variety of responses, many informal ◦ Special initiative supported by the library ◦ Costs absorbed in routine library operating costs ◦ Regular budget line item for your institution's library ◦ Grant awarded by an external source ◦ Special initiative supported by your institution's central administration ◦ Special initiative supported by your institution's archives March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings22

23.  Research materials ◦ Doctoral dissertations, theses, honors projects ◦ Journal articles ◦ Working papers, other grey literature and data  Teaching materials ◦ Learning objects ◦ Syllabi and text books ◦ Audio and video materials ◦ E portfolios March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings23

24.  Working one-on-one with early adopters  Word-of-mouth from early adopters to their colleagues  Mandating deposit of dissertations, theses, honors projects  Mandating deposit of research results from internal institutional grants March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings24

25.  Faculty and Researchers  Graduate and Honors students  Archivists and Librarians  University Press  Academic Offices ◦ Office of Research ◦ Office of Outreach, Cooperative Extension March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings25

26.  Sabbatical research (2005) ◦ Lessons Learned  Explore needs of faculty (2006) ◦ Survey ◦ Faculty Senate work  Determine solution (2006) ◦ Pilot projects  ScholarWorks launched (2007) ◦ Examples Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings March 27, 2010 26

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35.  Delivering Repository Services?  Integrating into emerging services content from diverse collections?  Negotiating rights environment and building consensus?  Providing Publishing Services?  Building and sustaining new relationships? March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings35

36. ◦ Transition to digital collections ◦ Highlighting what is unique, but of value to other scholars and making it accessible ◦ Utilize existing skills in organizing, and providing access ◦ Enhancing the value of the library by contributing to the mission of the institution ◦ Value to institution, and to the wider scholarly community March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings36

37.  Academic Computing  Continuing Education and Outreach  Faculty  Graduate School  Office of Research  Students  Center for Teaching or Faculty Development March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings37

38.  Made free to use or share, and in some cases, to change and share again, made possible through licensing  Both teachers and learners can share what they know  Part of Teaching Commons March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings38

39. Marilyn S BillingsNELA 2009, October 1939 OER Subjects  Arts  Business  Humanities  Math and Statistics  Science and Technology  Social Sciences March 27, 2010 39 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

40. Marilyn S BillingsNELA 2009, October 1940 OER Content Types  Activities  Games  Homework assignments  Lecture notes and plans  Readings  Simulations  Textbooks March 27, 2010 40 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

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51.  ARL Bimonthly Report, no.252/253 http://www.arl.org/resources/pubs/br/br252- 253.shtml http://www.arl.org/resources/pubs/br/br252- 253.shtml  Ithaca Report (shortened title) http://www.ithaka.org/strategic-services/university- publishing http://www.ithaka.org/strategic-services/university- publishing  Kennan, Mary Anne and Karlheinz Kautz. Scholarly Publishing and Open Access: Searching for Understanding of an Emerging Phenomenon http://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Re pository/unsworks:25 http://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Re pository/unsworks:25 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings51

52. 52 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication Selected Bibliography  ARL New Model Publications http://www.arl.org/sc/models/model- pubs/pubstudy/index.shtml http://www.arl.org/sc/models/model- pubs/pubstudy/index.shtml  Create Change http://www.createchange.org  Scholarly Communication Toolkit http://acrl.ala.org/scholcomm/  Scholarly Publishing & Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) http://www.arl.org/sparc http://www.arl.org/sparc 52

53. March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings53 Citation Impact Factor articles  Antelman, Kristin. “Do Open-Access Articles Have a Greater Research Impact” http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/staff/kaantelm/do_open_ac cess_CRL.pdf http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/staff/kaantelm/do_open_ac cess_CRL.pdf  Eysenbach, Gunther. “Citation Advantage of Open Access Articles” http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=getdoc ument&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0040157&ct=1 http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=getdoc ument&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0040157&ct=1  Lawrence, Steve. “Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact”. Nature 411, 521 (31 May 2001) http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e- access/Articles/lawrence.html http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e- access/Articles/lawrence.html

54. 54 March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings Institutional Repository Selected Bibliography  Bailey, Charles W. Institutional Repositories, Tout de Suite. 2008. http://www.digital-scholarship.org  EDUCAUSE Resource Center on Irs http://www.educause.edu/Resources/Browse/In stitutional%20Repositories/27900 http://www.educause.edu/Resources/Browse/In stitutional%20Repositories/27900  Gibbons, Susan. Establishing an Institutional Repository http://docushare.lib.rochester.edu/docushare/dswe b/View/Collection-2193 http://docushare.lib.rochester.edu/docushare/dswe b/View/Collection-2193  OpenDOAR http://www.opendoar.org/http://www.opendoar.org/  SPARC Repository Resources http://www.arl.org/sparc/repositories http://www.arl.org/sparc/repositories 54

55.  Borgman, Christine L. 2007. Scholarship in the Digital Age: Information, Infrastructure, and the Internet. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.  Brown, Laura, Rebecca Griffiths, and Matthew Rascoff. University Publishing in a Digital Age. New York, Ithaka, 2007. http://www.ithaka.org/ithaka-s- r/strategy/Ithaka%20University%20Publishing%20Report.pdfhttp://www.ithaka.org/ithaka-s- r/strategy/Ithaka%20University%20Publishing%20Report.pdf  Candee, Catherine H., and Lynne Withey. 2007. “The University of California as Publisher.” ARL: A Bimonthly Report, no. 252/253 http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arl-br-252-253-cal.pdf http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arl-br-252-253-cal.pdf  Crow, Raym. 2009. “Campus-based Publishing Partnerships: a Guide to Critical Issues”. http://www.arl.org/sparc/partnering/guide/ http://www.arl.org/sparc/partnering/guide/ March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings55

56.  Hahn, Karla. 2008. “Research Library Publishing Services: New Options for University Publishing” http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/research-library-publishing- services.pdf http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/research-library-publishing- services.pdf  Johnson, Richard K., and Judy Luther. 2007. “The E- only Tipping Point for Journals: What’s Ahead in the Print-to-Electronic Zone”. http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/Electronic_Transition.pdf http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/Electronic_Transition.pdf  Royster, Paul. 2007. “Publishing Original Content in an Institutional Repository”. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience/126/ http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience/126/  Smith, Abby. 2008. “The Research Library in the 21st Century: Collecting, Preserving, and Making Accessible Resources for Scholarship.” In No Brief Candle: Reconceiving Research Libraries for the 21st Century. Washington, D.C.: Council on Library and Information Resources. March 27, 2010 56 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings

57.  OER Commons: http://www.oercommons.org/ http://www.oercommons.org/  Flat World Knowledge http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/ http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/  CITE : a blog on Course materials, Innovation, and Technology in Education http://thecite.blogspot.com/  Make Textbooks Affordable http://www.studentpirgs.org/textbooks/  The Community College Consortium for Open Educational Resources http://cccoer.wordpress.com/ March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings57

58. March 27, 2010 Digital Humanities, Libraries and IRs / Marilyn Billings58 Thank you  Contact information: Marilyn Billings Scholarly Communication Librarian W.E.B. Du Bois Library University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA mbillings@library.umass.edu