1. On the adjacent board, write down words, geographical terms, names, places, etc. that you know to be associated with ancient Greece.

2. Government Economy Culture Religion

3. Chapter 10 Section 1

5.  550 BCE-started the Persian Empire by conquering the Medes  Conquered Southwest Asia, Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and east to Jaxartes River  529 BCE-largest empire ever

6.  Strong Army ◦ Immortals: Elite fighting force 10,000 strong ◦ Cavalry: mounted archers  Tactics-cavalry would soften up the enemy then Immortals would clean up  Mounted Archer Mounted Archer  Allowed conquered people to retain customs

7.  Claimed throne and killed all rivals  Restored order  Improved Persian society  Expanded the empire

8.  “King of kings”  Divided empire into 20 provinces ◦ Each led by a satrap (governor)  Collected taxes  Put down rebellions  Served as judges  Darius sent officials to make sure satraps were loyal

9.  Persepolis-new Capital ◦ 3,000 relief sculptures ◦ Statues decorated with gold, silver, and jewels  Built roads to connect empire (communication & trade) ◦ Royal Road-1,700 miles long

10.  Monotheistic religion  Good VS Evil  Priests encouraged people to join the good side

11.  Expanded the borders of empire: North, South, and West

12.  499 BCE-448 BCE  Greek city-states VS Persian Empire

13.  545 BCE-Persian Empire takes over Greek colonies (Asia Minor)  499 BCE-Greek colonies revolt with Athenian help ◦ Persians defeat them  Darius I is outraged ◦ “Sire, remember the Athenians”

14.  11,000 Athenian hoplites VS 15,000 Persians  Greek Victory ◦ Better tactics and leadership ◦ Phalanx  According to legend: origin of the marathon ◦ “Rejoice! We conquer!”

15. https://Battle of MarathonBattle of Marathon

16.  Son of Darius I  480 BCE-Leads invasion of Greece with Persian Army and Navy  Alliance between Athens (best Greek navy) and Sparta (best Greek army)

17.  1,400 Greek soldiers, led by Leonidas(Sparta) VS 80,000- 100,000 Persian soldiers  Strategic position: narrow pass  Greeks held them off for 3 days  Persians burned Athens

18.  Naval battle  Athenian navy lured Persian ships into narrow strait  Athenian triremes outmaneuvered and sunk many Persian ships  Greek Victory

19.  After Battle of Salamis  Spartan-led army defeats the remaining Persians  Concluded major part of Greco- Persian Wars  The Persians were defeated in Greece (humiliated)