1. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management EXPERIENCE WITH VOCATIONAL TRAINING STRUCTURES IN FINLAND Increase of Attractiviness of VocationalTraining, Panevezys, Lithuania Sirpa Sandelin, Director of Education 30.9.2011

2. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management CONTENT Finnish educational structure VET in figures Structure of vocational training On-the-job training Labour market training Apprenticenship Finance of VET-studies Further education possibilities after VET Experiences at SAMK Links

3. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FINNISH EDUCATION SYSTEM Finnish educational system tausta-aineistot\Finnish education system.docxtausta-aineistot\Finnish education system.docx Upper secondary vocational education and training fall within level 3 of the EC classification, according to the Council Decision on the comparability of vocational qualifications between the Member States of the European Community (85/368/EEC) and the Recommendation of the Ministry of Education on the classification of Finnish vocational education and training (1998).

4. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management VET IN FIGURES After basic education, 95.5% of school-leavers continue in additional voluntary basic education (2.5%), in upper secondary schools (54.5%) or in initial vocational education and training (38.5%). About 140 000 students attend initial vocational training every year. In 2010 new students total amount was 50 000. The largest fields are Technology and Transport (42%), Health and Social Services (16%), and Business and Administration (11%). In further training provided in the Ministry of Education and Culture sector, the annual number of students is about 40 000. There are 119 study programmes leading to 53 different vocational qualifications confirmed by the Ministry of Education and Culture. The number of further and specialist qualifications, which are taken as competence-based qualifications, is 305.

5. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management VET IN FIGURES

6. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management VET IN FIGURES

7. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management EMPLOYMENT ONE YEAR AFTER GRADUATION

8. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management INITIAL VET The vocational qualification has been designed to respond to labour market needs. The qualification is 120 credits, which takes three years of full-time study, unless prior learning can be counted towards the qualification. The qualification is based on working life occupations and the competencies required. The qualification includes at least 20 credits of on-the-job learning. The training is built on the basic education syllabus. Prior learning acquired in training, working life or other learning environments can be counted towards the qualification. Matriculated students can also study in initial VET. Their prior studies are equivalent to some 30 credits, which are counted towards the vocational qualification. A vocational qualification gives general eligibility for polytechnic (universities of applied sciences) and university studies.

9. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management LEGISLATION RELATED TO VET Vocational Education and Training Act (630/1998) Vocational Education and Training Decree (811/1998) Vocational Adult Education Act (631/1998) Vocational Adult Education Decree (812/1998) The aim of Finnish upper secondary vocational education and training is to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to gain vocational expertise, as well as the capabilities to find employment or to become self-employed. Upper secondary vocational education and training provide students with extensive basic vocational skills for various assignments in their field and more specialised competence and vocational skills as required by working life in one sector of the qualification. This enables those who are qualified to find placements in working life, to perform various tasks in their field in changing conditions, and so to develop their vocational skills throughout their lives.

10. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management LEGAL BASIS FOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING The National Board of Education designs the core curricula and sets the requirements of competence-based qualifications, which describe the aims and key content of the qualifications. The Ministry of Education and Culture is responsible for the strategic and normative steering of VET and leads national development. The national objectives of VET, the structure of the qualifications and the core subjects included in them are determined by the government. The details of the qualification and the extent of training are determined by the Ministry of Education and Culture. The authorisations to provide VET are granted by the Ministry.

11. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management CURRICULUM The vocational qualification provides extensive basic skills for different occupations in the field and more specialised skills in at least one sector. The aim is that a qualification holder has the necessary vocational competence, knowledge and skills for independent practice of the trade and for entrepreneurship in the field. The curriculum system of vocational education and training consists of the national core curricula, each education provider's locally approved curricula and the students' personal study plans.

12. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management Fields of VET VET is intended both for young people and for adults already active in working life. They can study for vocational qualifications and further and specialist qualifications, or study in further and continuing education without aiming at a qualification. Fields are: –Technology and Transport –Social Services, Health and Sports –Tourism, Catering and Domestic Services –Business and Administration –Culture –Natural Resources and the Environment –Computing –Humanities and Education

13. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management ADMISSION PROCEDURE AND STUDIES Admission requirement is the completion of basic education syllabus; Education providers primarily select their students based on earlier academic achievement but may also hold entrance exams or aptitude tests and may take the applicant’s work experience into consideration; Application takes place through a joint application system electronically; Opportunities for individual progress in studies have been enhanced; A vocational upper secondary qualification can be obtained through attending a vocational school, through apprenticeship training, or through a competence test; Skills demonstrations were launched in 2006 as proof of having reached the goals given to vocational studies.

14. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management STRUCTURE OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING - 120 credits, 3 years The training includes vocational studies in the field concerned, general studies supplementing vocational competence (mother tongue, second national language, a foreign language, mathematics and science, humanities and social studies, health education, and art and craft subjects), elective studies and guidance counselling. 90 credits vocational studies 20 credits core subjects: common to all qualifications (out of which 16 are compulsory and 4 are optional). These are studies in –the native language; the other national language and a foreign language; mathematics; physics and chemistry; social, business and labour-market subjects; health education; physical education –arts and culture; environmental studies; ICT; ethics, other cultures –psychology and entrepreneurship 10 credits free-choice studies

15. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FINAL PROJECT The final project may be a set of work assignments, a written paper, report, project assignment, product or equivalent. The final project is focused so as to serve working life needs, provide an opportunity to participate in working life and facilitate transition into the labour market. It may be performed individually, in a group or as a more extensive project. The minimum scope of the project is two credits.

16. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management ON-THE-JOB LEARNING AND SKILLS DEMONSTRATIONS On-the-job learning is guided and goal-oriented study at the workplace. In this work-based module, which is 20 credits or more, the student learns some of the practical skills included in the qualification. At different points during their training in initial VET, students demonstrate the skills they have learned in tests arranged as either practical work situations or as practical assignments. These skills demonstrations assess how well the student has achieved the competencies needed in the labour market. The aims and assessment criteria of the skills demonstrations are determined in the core curricula issued by the National Board of Education. The tests are devised and implemented in cooperation with business and industry and other employers. VET providers appoint special bodies to plan and set the tests and also appoint the examiners.

17. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management APPRENTICESHIP Apprenticeship training is hands-on learning at a workplace complemented by theoretical studies. A contract of temporary employment (apprenticeship contract) is signed by the parties of the apprenticeship training. In apprenticeship training it is possible to study for initial vocational qualifications and for further and specialist qualifications. It is a training track chosen by some 9% of vocational students each year. Apprenticeship training is based on a fixed-term agreement which a prospective trainee, aged 15 or more, concludes with the employer. Each student is given a personal study plan based on a core curriculum issued by the National Board of Education or on the requirements of the competence-based qualification in the field.

18. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management APPRENTICESHIP About 70 to 80% of the training takes place at the workplace under the guidance and supervision of an on-the-job instructor. The supplementary theoretical instruction is given by vocational institutions. The employer pays wages according to the collective agreement for the duration of the training. During theoretical training, the trainee is entitled to a daily allowance and subsidised travel and accommodation. The employer is reimbursed for the cost of the training.

19. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management COMPETENCE-BASED QUALIFICATIONS Competence-based qualifications include further vocational qualifications (ammattitutkinto), which demonstrate the vocational skills required of skilled workers, and specialist vocational qualifications (erikoisammattitutkinto), which demonstrate a command of the most demanding tasks in the field. In addition to these, vocational qualifications (ammatillinen perustutkinto) may also be taken in the form of competence-based qualifications. Vocational qualifications taken in the form of competence-based qualifications correspond to the qualifications taken in vocational upper secondary education and training.

20. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management LABOUR MARKET TRAINING Labour market training (adult employment training) is mainly intended for unemployed people. Some training is also offered to those at risk of losing their jobs and those who are becoming excluded from the labour market. The proportion of unemployed people in the number of new participants has, however, continuously increased during the past few years. Labour market training is financed by the labour administration and mainly intended for unemployed persons and those aged 20 or over who are threatened by unemployment. Those participating in labour market (mainly vocational) training or employment training purchased by the labour authorities are paid either a training or employment benefit as well as compensation to cover expenses for travel, food and accommodation arising during the training. The aim of the training is to maintain the balance between labour demand and supply and prevent unemployment and labour shortage.

21. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FINANCE FOR VET- INSTITUTIONS The majority of VET-institutions are maintained by local authorities, joint municipal authorities and the state. 39.5% are maintained by private organisations but only 20% of students study in institutions maintained by private organisations. Providers of vocational education and training receive statutory government transfer for operating costs on the basis of calculatory unit price. The unit prices are scaled per provider, allowing for the cost differences between various fields of education. The allocation of performance-based funding is based on the performance-based funding index, which is combined from the following indicators: –Effectiveness (job placement and further studies); –Processes (dropping out, % ratio of qualification certifications holders to entrants); –Staff (formal teaching qualifications and staff development).

22. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FINANCE FOR VET- STUDENTS There are no tuition fees in initial VET. Students pay part of the costs, e.g. textbooks and personal tools, equipment and materials, which they keep after training. Meals are free. Modest fees may be charged for further vocational training. Financial aids for students: –Study grant –Housing supplement –Government grant for student loans To qualify for aids: be a full-time student, make satisfactory academic progress, and be in need of financial assistance Note: apprenticeship finance explained in the previous slide.

23. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management COMPTETITIONS

24. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FUTHER EDUCATION POSSIBILITES AFTER VET Three-year studies give general eligibility to apply for studies at universities and polytechnics (universities of applied science). About 15 % of graduates in initial vocational education and training continued studies at tertiary level (polytechnic and university education). Almost 14 % of graduates continued studies in polytechnic education and 1,4 % moved on to university. In addition to tertiary level university and polytechnic education, it is possible to continue vocational studies in upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level in further vocational education and training. Further vocational education and training leads to further and specialist vocational qualifications, which are competence-based qualifications.

25. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management EXPERIENCES AT SAMK - VET & entrepreneurship About 40% of the new students of the Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management hold a VET qualification. Most of the new engineering entrepreneurs at SAMK’s Enterprise Accelerator hold a VET qualification. Almost all of the VET entrepreneurs have gained experience from family (including relatives) owned companies. During their studies they develop the company from fitting towards engineering profession.

26. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu | Tekniikka ja merenkulku Satakunta University of Applied Sciences | Faculty of Technology and Maritime Management FURTHER MATERIAL http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/?lang=en read 18.9.2011http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/?lang=en http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/hallinto_ohjaus_ja_rahoi tus/?lang=en read 18.9.2011http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/hallinto_ohjaus_ja_rahoi tus/?lang=en http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/opiskelu_ja_tutkinnot/?l ang=en read 18.9.2011http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/opiskelu_ja_tutkinnot/?l ang=en http://www.ammatillinenkoulutus.com/main.php?sivu_id=9 read 18.9.2011http://www.ammatillinenkoulutus.com/main.php?sivu_id=9 http://www.oph.fi/english/SubPage.asp?path=447,490 read 24.9.2011http://www.oph.fi/english/SubPage.asp?path=447,490 http://www.oph.fi/english/education/adult_education/vocational_adult_education read 24,9,2011http://www.oph.fi/english/education/adult_education/vocational_adult_education http://www.kela.fi/in/internet/english.nsf/Docs/081001131300IL?OpenDocument read 25.9.2011http://www.kela.fi/in/internet/english.nsf/Docs/081001131300IL?OpenDocument Education Statistics Finland