1. Made in the U.S.A.

2. Industries that shaped America The Textile Industry Textile mills were centered in New England ( Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut ). The mills made clothing with raw materials such as cotton from the southern United States, and wool sheared from western sheep.

3. True or False, the First factory workers in America were children? True, a man by the name of Sam Slater opened a textile mill with nine workers, all of whom were under the age of twelve. By the 1800’s nearly half the nation’s textile workers were under ten years of age and were working twelve or more hours a day. Many children, some as young as six or seven, worked in factories to earn badly needed money for their families. Employers hired them because of their small quick hands and their ability to get under and inside machines to clean them. They were more obedient than adults and, most importantly, they could be paid less.

4. America the Story of Us Disc 1: Division New England Textile Mills 11:53-15:34 (3 min 41 sec)

5. Industries that shaped America The Textile Industry Manufacturing Area: New England ( Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut ). Natural Resources: Cotton & Wool

6. Industries that shaped America The Steel Industry Steel mills were centered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Steel is made by mixing iron ore (a kind of rock) with limestone and the carbon from coal. When the mixture is heated in a blast furnace and exposed to pure oxygen it becomes very hot and can be poured into molds and formed into shapes. When it cools, it becomes a super strong material, perfect for building bridges, locomotives, skyscrapers, and machinery.

7. Little laborers Sadly, America’s workforce included many children, such as the young boy pictured who worked in the coal mines of the Appalachian Mountains. Coal provided carbon, a vital ingredient in making steel. It was also a fuel source for melting iron.

9. Captain of the Steel Industry Andrew Carnegie Andrew Carnegie revolutionized the steel industry with a new, efficient method of turning iron to steel. Carnegie had come to America with his poor Scottish parents and started working when he was twelve. When he had saved enough money, he began investing in companies that made train cars, built bridges, locomotives, and rails – all of which need great quantities of steel. Soon enough, he figured “why not own a steel mill?” It was not long before Carnegie was running the biggest, most profitable steel mill in America.

10. Disc 2: Cities Andrew Carnegie & Steel 12:10 – 17:52 (5 min 42 sec) America the Story of Us

11. Industries that shaped America The Steel Industry Manufacturing Area: Pittsburgh Natural Resources: Iron Ore, Limestone, & Coal

12. Industries that shaped America The Meat Packing Industry America’s great stockyards and slaughterhouses were centered in Chicago, Illinois. Cattle and pigs were transported from the West, slaughtered in Chicago, and packed into refrigerated box cars to feed people in the East.

13. Chicago Stock Yards

14. Industries that shaped America The Meat Packing Industry Manufacturing Area: Chicago Natural Resources: Cattle & Pigs

15. Industries that shaped America The Automobile industry The automobile industry was centered in Detroit, Michigan. With Henry Ford’s lightning quick assembly line method of producing automobiles America led the world in the production of cars and trucks.

16. True or False, Henry Ford invented the automobile? False, but Henry Ford was the first to make cars on an assembly line, which made them affordable for the average American. Since the invention of the “horseless carriage” in the late 1800’s, cars had been a novelty item that only the rich could afford. But Henry Ford wanted to make cars for the masses. In 1908, Ford introduced the Model T. Instead of being made by hand one at a time, the Model T was made on a moving assembly line using interchangeable parts. The efficiency of his methods cut the cost of the Model T from $850 in 1908 to $440 in 1915. Eventually his factories turned out one Model T every twenty-four seconds!

17. What Did American’s Think About Being In The Driver’s Seat? Driving quickly became a passion, almost a sport, among automobile owning Americans early in the 1900’s. It wasn’t always about reaching a destination, but about taking the drive itself. Few owners of early Model T’s seemed to mind that going for a drive through the countryside could be a messy affair: unpaved roads and the cars’ lack of a windshield meant that motorists had to put on goggles and long overcoats that protected their clothing.

18. Resources needed for automobile production Steel Rubber Glass Cloth/Leather Oil

19. Disc 2: Boom Henry Ford & the Model T 11:18 – 17:15 (5 min 57 sec) America the Story of Us

20. Cars that changed America The Automobile Industry – The Model T (4:15) The Automobile Industry – The Model T (4:15)

21. Cars that Changed the Automobile Industry The Model T 4:15 - The Model T 4:15 -

22. We know railroads played a large role in the westward movement. As we are now talking about industry, what role do you think they played here?

23. From Rural to Urban Areas The America of small farms and quiet villages was changing in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Manufacturing centers began to rise up as millions of immigrants arrived on our shores. Trains now criss-crossed the United States, ready to move natural resources such as copper and lead from the West to factories in the East. By the late 1800’s the U.S. had a network of railroads thousands of miles long that linked the nations major cities and towns. Trains linked the nation, while people fueled the fires of industry.

24. What advancement in transportation was used to transport resources and products to markets in the United States? Trains like this could bring manufactured goods to people all over the United States Railroads

25. Resources on the move Iron ore, an essential part of making steel, was transported from Michigan’s upper peninsula and Minnesota to the steel mills of Pittsburgh by freighter. Carnegie chose the city of Pittsburgh because of its location on the Ohio River and its close proximity to large coal deposits. All that steel was then used to lay more rail lines and to build more machinery, giant steel hulled ships, cars, skyscrapers, and massive factories. The finished products of all these growing industries were then loaded back on the trains and transported to markets (cities) all across the nation. Our nation was fed, clothed, and housed by the “can- do” work ethic of the American people, both newcomers and those born on American soil.

26. What would be an example of a market? Cities

27. Explain where iron ore was moved to and why? Iron ore was transported to Pittsburgh to be made into steel

28. Explain where steel was moved to and why? Steel was transported all over the country to major U.S. cities for building railroad tracks, steam engines, machinery, ships, cars, skyscrapers, and massive factories.

29. After products were manufactured in the factories where were they distributed to? The finished products from the factories were loaded on trains and transported to markets (cities) all across the nation.

30. Highlight the area on the globe/map of the United States showing the market that was created by the railroad

31. Disc 2: Heartland Sears Roebuck & Company 41:04 – 45:07 (4 min 3 sec) America the Story of Us

36. Explain what type of market was created by the railroad? The railroad created a national market because manufactured goods could be shipped anywhere in the United States.