1. SKELETAL SYSTEM TRUE/FALSE

2. 10. Bones that surround organs, like the heart, function primarily in support. 12. Bones surround organs like the brain/heart in order to protect the organs. 14. The skeleton provides support and shape to the body. 16. The skeleton only serves as protection for internal organs. Main Functions: 1. Supports & gives shape to body 2. Protects internal organs 3. Provides for movement 4. Stores minerals (calcium & magnesium) 5. Blood cells produced in bone marrow FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE

3. Common Names for Bones tail bone coccyx

4. 7. Ligaments are bands of tissue that connect bones to other bones. 9. Cartilage is a band of tissue that connects bones to other bones. Bones are attached to other bones with special connective tissues known as LIGAMENTS TRUE FALSE

5. 6. The place where two bones join is called a joint. 8. A ligament is the place where two bones join. A PLACE WHERE ONE BONE ATTACHES TO ANOTHER IS CALLED A JOINT. TRUE FALSE

6. 18. Surfaces of joints and the ends of bones are lined with ligaments to provide “cushion”. 20. Cartilage acts as a “cushion” for the ends of joints and bones and reduces friction in movable joints. Cartilage is found at ends of bones at joints, reduces friction in movable joints (does NOT contain blood vessels) TRUE FALSE

7. 2. Fixed joints are the type of joints that are not movable. 4. All joints are movable. 1. Immoveable (fixed) joint: no movement Bones of skull; fused 2. Freely moveable: wide range of movement Bone ends covered in cartilage 3. Slightly moveable: permit small amount of movement Between vertebrae 3 Types of Joints and their Movements TRUE FALSE

8. 3. Pivotal joints allow bones to move backward and forward in one direction. 5. The type of joint that allows bones to move backward and forward in one direction are hinge joints. Types of Freely Moveable Joints 1. Ball-and-Socket Joint: Permit movement in many directions; widest range of movement of any joint (examples: shoulder and hip) 2. Hinge Joint: Permit back and forth motion (examples: elbow and knee) 3. Pivot Joint: Allow one bone to rotate around another (example: neck, forearm bones) 4. Saddle (Gliding) Joint: Permit one bone to slide past another bone (example: thumb/wrist ) 1 2 3 4 TRUE FALSE

9. 13. Compact bone tissue is where bone marrow is stored. 19. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. 15. Bones are hard because their cells store the mineral iron. 17. Bones store the mineral calcium, which makes them hard. Bone is composed of two types of tissue:  Spongy: soft, interior layer of bone tissue.  Site of red blood cell production  Less dense  Contains bone marrow  Compact: outer layer of tissue surrounding bone.  Stores minerals – Calcium.  Extremely dense and strong TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE

10. 1. When you break a bone osteoclasts build new bone cells. 11. Osteocytes are mature bone cells embedded in the bone matrix. BONE CELL TYPES AND BONE REPAIR Osteocytes – Mature bone cells that are embedded in the bone matrix. Osteoclasts – Bone cells that break down bone; Line the Haversian canals and the surfaces of compact and spongy bone. Osteoblasts – Bone cells that produce bone; Line the Haversian canals and the surfaces of compact and spongy bone. *Osteoblasts secrete mineral deposits that replace cartilage  osteoblasts become surrounded by bone tissue  mature to osteocytes TRUE FALSE