1. Production Engineering II
Separator Internals

2. Gas / Water/ Oil Separation

3. Vessel Internals Vessel Inlet diverter Wave Breaker Defoaming plates
Vortex Breaker
Mist extractor
Coalescing plates
Sand jets and Drain

4. Vessel Internals

5. Inlet Diverter Function ~ disengage the gas and liquid .
Types - baffle plates
can be a spherical dish, flat plate, angle iron, cone

6. Inlet Diverter Function ~ disengage the gas and liquid .
Types - centrifugal diverters

7. Wave Breakers
Function ~ dampen any wave action that caused by incoming fluids
Vertical baffles
Place perpendicular to the flow
In liquid collection section
Install in long horizontal vessel
Why eliminate wave?
Liquid control problem
Reduce separation

8. Wave Breakers

9. Defoaming Plates Function ~ to aid in coalescence of the foam bubbles.
Inclined parallel plates or tubes to promote coalescence, or merging, of the foam bubbles liberated from the liquid.

10. Defoaming Plates

11. Vortex Breaker
Vortex- a whirling mass of fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind
A vortex breaker is a device used in engineering to stop the formation of a vortex when a fluid (liquid or gas) is drained from a vessel
The formation of vortices can entrain vapor in the liquid stream, leading to poor separation in process steps such as distillation or excessive pressure drop or causing cavitation of downstream pumps
Some use radial vanes or baffles around the liquid exit

12. Vortex Breaker

13. Sand Jets and Drains
The Sand Jetting system is commonly used in the upstream separator to remove solids that settles in gravity separators.
It fluidizes the solids with pressurized water introduced through specially designed nozzles.
The solids are then discharged through sand drains located down the length of the vessel

14. Mist Extractor Function ~ to remove liquids mist from gas stream
Made of wire mesh, vanes, centrifugal forces devices
Liquid droplets impinge on the matted wires and coalesce
Effectiveness of wire mesh depends largely on the gas velocity.
High ~the liquids knocked out will be re-entrained.

15. Mist Extractor

16. Mist Extractor

17. Mist Extractor

18. Coalescing Plates Specific for oil/water separation
Function~ increase size of water droplets in oil phase.
Make gravity settling easier
Problem face ~ plugging with solids particles

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20. Q & A Session