2. Quick Write # 3 Write down two things you remember about the fear of communism in the US during the 1920s. Why did we fear it? What problems did it cause?

3. C. The Red Scare 1. 1949: Ams lost sense of security a. Ams feared communists in the US after Soviets exploded A Bomb b. Wanted to blame someone c. focused on developing hydrogen bomb

4. Bomb shelter

5. Communist hysteria in the media: Red Menace poster Although Hollywood generally avoided overtly political films, it released a few dozen explicitly anticommunist films in the postwar era. Depicting American communists as vicious hypocrites, if not hardened criminals, Hollywood's Cold War movies, like its blacklist, were an effort to protect its imperiled public image after HUAC's widely publicized investigation of the movie industry. Communist hysteria in the media: Red Menace poster

6. 2. The Rosenburgs (Ethel & Julius) a. Accused of spying & giving A Bomb secrets to Soviets b. Insisted they were innocent & would not lie & accuse others c. June 1953: Executed (electric chair) d. Evidence for both guilt & innocence existed

7. Julius & Ethel Rosenberg

8. Random & Useless Julius & Ethel convicted on the testimony of David Greenglass, Ethel’s brother who was spared execution in exchange for testimony Greenglass spent 10 yrs in prison 2001: Greenglass admitted he commited perjury 1990s: Russians released info showing Julius, but not Ethel provided military secrets but not bomb info between 1943 & 1946 Before he died, Theodore Hall admitted that he provided bomb secrets to Soviets. He had moved to Britain in the 50s to escape an FBI investigation The Rosenberg Trial

9. 3. Senator Joseph McCarthy 1. “McCarthyism” crusade to find communists (witch hunt) 2. Other senators didn’t oppose him— feared being labeled communists 3. Accused 200 govt employees of being communist 4. Never produced any evidence that anyone was a communist spy 5. Dec 1954: Senate votes to censure McCarthy (67 to 22)

10. Senator Joseph McCarthy

11. McCarthyism, "I have here in my hand..." A term invented by cartoonist Herblock, McCarthyism to most liberals and Democrats meant the use of lies, slander, and innuendo to attack and discredit the Democratic party for "twenty years of treason." McCarthyism, "I have here in my hand..." Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13. 4. Alger Hiss a. Govt official, advisor at Yalta b. Hiss is accused of being a spy by a former friend c. Evidence was found in a pumpkin on Hiss’ Maryland farm (“pumpkin papers”) d. 1950: Hiss convicted of perjury (lying) & sentenced to 5 yrs in prison

16. Arguments for both guilt and innocence existed in their treason case. They were executed. The Rosenburgs

17. He accused people of being communists, but never produced any evidence Senator McCarthy

18. In 1949 this country exploded its first atomic weapon, which led Americans to fear communism The Soviet Union

19. He was accused of treason, but only convicted of perjury Alger Hiss