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Functional Traits and Niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian Forest Kraft et al. 2008.

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Presentation on theme: "Functional Traits and Niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian Forest Kraft et al. 2008."— Presentation transcript:

1 Functional Traits and Niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian Forest
Kraft et al. 2008

2

3 Co-existence Theories
1) Niche Differentiation Soil 1 Soil 2

4 Co-existence Theories
1) Niche Differentiation Soil 1 Soil 2

5 Co-existence Theories
1) Niche Differentiation (anti-theory) Environmental filtering Regional Species Pool Local Community

6 Co-existence Theories
1) Niche Differentiation (anti-theory) Environmental filtering Soil 1 Soil 2

7 Co-existence Theories
2) Neutral Theory Random events (dispersal / stochastic events)

8 Predictions Niche Differentiation -> all the plants in the sample rainforest have unique trait sets Neutral theory -> all the plant traits in the sample area have the same set of traits

9 Trait Choices?

10 Trait Choices?

11 Key Traits Productivity - Leaf traits SLA – Specific leaf area
Nitrogen - fixation Size - dimensions

12 Key Traits Fitness – seed mass

13 Key Traits Plant strategies – Life form
Wood Density – growth vs strength/pathogen resistance Maximum dbh – light capture and avoidance of browsing

14 Experiment Location – Yasuni Forest, Ecuador
Area – 25 ha plot with > 150,000 mapped trees Measure – six key plants traits Statistics – compare neutral theory (no differences) to observed plant traits.

15 Results Analyses found strong evidence for niche-based processes.
Mean traits values varied significantly compared to null model.

16 Random effects Adults in each quadrat exhibited stronger non-random patterns than saplings.

17 Trait Differentiation
What encourages niche differentiation: Direct competition Density-dependent process

18 Conclusions Using a functional trait approach, we have found evidence for niche-based processes having a stabilizing effect on biodiversity. Supports a niche-based view of tropical forest dynamics in which subtle but pervasive habitat specialization/differentiation contribute to species coexistence. Niche differentiation among species contributes to maintenance of diversity in one of the worlds most diverse tropical forests.

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