1. Tsunami death toll Indonesia94,081 Sri Lanka28,729 India9,067 Thailand4,993 Somalia200 Myanmar90 Maldives80 Malaysia68 Tanzania10 Bangladesh December 26, 2004 Indonesian Tsunami

2. Cross-section of a tsunami

3. History of tsunamis

4. Earthquake Epicenter and Areas Affected

5. 3. Tsunamis a. Tsunami means “harbor wave” in Japanese. b. It is caused by an earthquake under the ocean. 1)May travel up to 800 km/hr in open ocean 2) Height in ocean very short; maybe 1 meter 3) Wave lengths often 100 km 4) Wave period 5 minutes to 1 hour apart 5) Height at shore may be 40 meters 6) Usually occur in Ring-of-Fire countries

6. How Tsunamis are Produced

7. India’s last active volcano in the Andaman Islands erupted in response to the earthquake on December 26, 2004.

8. Location of Andaman Islands

9. About 400 islands, 38 inhabited Islands are peaks of submerged mountain range Indian territory, area of 8,249 sq km Population around 370,000, about 100,000 in Port Blair Number of tribes, including Jarawas, Onges and Shompens

10. Following are pictures from the 9.0 earthquake that occurred off the coast of Sumatra on December 26, 2004. The tsunami that was produced traveled at 500-600 mph across the ocean, and created waves of 10 meters at shore. Was the largest earthquake in the past 40 years Many were unaware of the oncoming Tsunami 155,000 fatalities, 500,000 injured and $10 Billion in damages, with 5 million either losing home or access to food and water

11. Devastation from tsunami caused by massive earthquake. Wave was 10 meters high, and moving about 30 miles/hr. when it hit the shore. Mariana Beach, Madras, India

12. India

13. Velankanni, India

14. Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka

15. Groundwater level hydrograph from the Aurora Observation well showing seismically--induced water level fluctuations.

16. Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka

18. Patong Beach, India

19. Data from USGS

20. This fishing boat landed on the main street of Banda Aceh several miles from the sea.

21. #4 is the 12/26/04 earthquake off of Sumatra

25. After the water receded

26. Damage to Shoreline

27. Before and After

28. IKONOS Photo

29. Another Before and After

30. When Tsunami Hit

31. Damaged Home in Thailand

32. Deadly Disasters

33. Debris in Indonesia

34. Damaged Trawlers

35. Destroyed Homes

36. Picture from Above the Tsumani

37. IKONOS Before and After

40. Looking for Belongings

41. More Before and After

42. More Damage

43. Remains of Fishing Colony

44. Damage in Somalia

45. Damage in Sumatra

46. IKONOS Before and After

48. Remains of Trawler

49. End of Sumatra earthquake that occurred on December 26, 2004.

50. Japanese boats left high and dry by tsunami

51. Sightseers in Japan looking at tsunami wave Many probably regret it !!!

52. Timber driven through tire by force of tsunami

53. Tsunami wave on coast of Japan

54. Damage to island of Hilo, Hawaii by tsunami

55. P and S Waves Inside the Earth

56. A Week’s Worth of Earthquakes

57. Banda Aceh Grand Mosque June 23, 2004 DigitalGlobe

58. Banda Aceh Grand Mosque December 28, 2004 DigitalGlobe

59. Kalutara Beach, Sri Lanka Prior to Tsunami DigitalGlobe

60. Kalutara Beach, Sri Lanka, with Tsunami Waters Receding DigitalGlobe

61. Kalutara Beach, Sri Lanka, Prior to Tsunami DigitalGlobe

62. Kalutara Beach, Sri Lanka, After Tsunami DigitalGlobe

63. End of Powerpoint. Additional slides follow.

64. Earthquakes greater than M-2.5 over 7 days

66. Thrust Fault and Fold