1. Mutual Defense Assistance Office UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY/DISPLAY ONLY MDAO Brief at FCS Webinar Overview of the Japan Defense and Space Relationship with the United States 22 April 2016

2. UNCLASSIFIED Agenda About MDAO Japan Strategic & Political Situation Japan MOD Acquisition Reform & Budget G-to-G FMS Programs Strategic Documents: Outlook & Priorities Kumamoto, Tokyo Air Show 2

3. UNCLASSIFIED 3 Command Relationships President of the United States Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Director, International Cooperation Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Defense Security Cooperation Agency MDAO Secretary of State John Kerry Secretary of State John Kerry Chief of Mission Ambassador Kennedy Chief of Mission Ambassador Kennedy PACOM Admiral Harry Harris PACOM Admiral Harry Harris USFJ Army Navy Air Force Frank Kendall Christine E. Wormuth VADM Joseph W. Rixey Keith B. Webster Lt Gen John L. Dolan Command: Coordination:

4. UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO 4 MDAO Areas of Expertise U.S. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) Program in Japan Weapon systems and munitions Military Training and Education Defense Cooperation in Armaments (S&T Cooperation) Advocacy for U.S.- Japan critical military capabilities Defense Technology Security

5. UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY/DISPLAY ONLY 5 Sec Coop/Assist in a Nutshell Japan is the strategic hub of the Pacific with whom the United States has a Mutual Security Treaty and a significant forward- stationed U.S. military presence (including a sub-unified command). Security Cooperation is delegated to USFJ; Security Assistance to MDAO.

6. UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO Strategic Regional Outlook

7. UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY/DISPLAY ONLY Public Opinion Commentary Source: Kyodo NSS Nuke Plant Re- start Sec Bills

8. UNCLASSIFIED Post WWII to Present 8 Reverse Course Japan Incorporated Economic Stagnation Korean War Vietnam War First DPRK Ballistic Missile Test Nationalization of Senkaku Islands Abe re-elected 1950’s 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000’s 2010’s - JSDF Established - MDAO Established JGSDF Iraq Deployment Abenomics National Security Council National Security Strategy Secrets Protection Act Revision of 3P’s Collective Self-Defense Post War Reconstruction Constitution Article 9 Yoshida Doctrine WWII Ends

9. UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO 9 Acquisition Technology & Logistics Agency ATLA is an extra-ministerial organization that brought together and consolidated equipment procurement related departments in MOD regarding research, development and procurement, namely:  Internal Bureau  Respective Staff Offices (Ground, Maritime, Air)  Technical Research and Development Institute  Equipment Procurement and Construction Office

10. UNCLASSIFIED Defense Budget Trends JFY201320142015Difference% Total$46,104.59$47,123.14$48,236.68$1,113.542.3% FIP$18,971.21$19,575.05$20,517.87$942.824.6% O & M$6,700.36$6,930.86$6,990.25$59.390.8% Values quoted in million USD Budget converted to dollars using IRS annual conversion rate Defense spending capped at less than 1% GDP JFY 13 first year to post defense spending increase in 11 years JFY runs from 1 April – 31 March 10

11. UNCLASSIFIED Service Specific (1/2) NoServiceFocus 1JMSDF Current Budget:$11,022,784,361.24 Future Budget:$11,129,170,483.76 Current Personnel:43,135 Forecast Personnel:43,135 * The MSDF will retain four Escort Flotillas that mainly consists of one Helicopter Destroyer (DDH) and two Aegis-equipped destroyers (DDG) in addition to five Escort Divisions that consists of the other destroyers in order to defend the seas surrounding Japan and the security of sea lanes through the effective prosecution of various operations including constant and continuous intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) activities and anti-submarine operations as well as to flexibly engage in international peace cooperation activities. * The MSDF will have approximately the same regular personnel levels as at the end of JFY2013. (MTDP) 2JASDF Current Budget:$10,081,070,165.59 Future Budget:$10,736,132,864.45 Current Personnel:44,093 Forecast Personnel:44,093 * The ASDF will shift one fighter squadron to the Naha Air Base to expand air defense readiness in the southwest region. The ASDF will also establish one squadron in Airborne Warning and Control Group (AWCG) and deploy to the Naha Air Base. * The ASDF will integrate support training group for efficient improvement of combat tactics to avoid relative depression of air defense capability and retain air superiority. * The ASDF will have approximately the same regular personnel levels as at the end of JFY2013. (MTDP) 11

12. UNCLASSIFIED Service Specific (2/2) NoServiceFocus 3JGSDF Current Budget:$16,676,024,705.22 Future Budget:$17,425,652,846.32 Current Personnel:159,000 Forecast Personnel:159,000 * The Ground Self Defense Force (GSDF) will newly establish a Ground Self Defense Command by rationalizing and streamlining each Army's Headquarters' command and control function so as to enable swift and flexible national operations by main combat units (mobile division, mobile brigade, armored divisions/brigades) and each unit under joint operation based on change of national security environment. * The GSDF will eliminate the Central Readiness Force (CRF) and the units under the CRF will be transferred to the Ground Defense Command. * The GSDF will reorganize two divisions and two brigades into two mobile divisions and two mobile brigades that have high mobility and surveillance capability so as to rapidly respond and address incidents that include an attack on island areas. * The GSDF will enhance its posture in the offshore island areas of Southwestern Japan by establishing a coastal surveillance unit and security unit. * The GSDF will establish a new amphibious mobile unit that consists of regiment-class, special units for amphibious operations to prepare for full-scale amphibious operations to land, retake, and secure the islands if invaded. * In order to achieve a swift and flexible operation while streamlining and rationalizing preparations for land invasion by major ground forces, the GSDF will: - Establish new units that introduce maneuver combat vehicles. - Eliminate tanks that are possessed by main combat units except for Hokkaido and Kyushu area. - Consolidate tanks in Kyushu area to newly established tank unit directly under Western Army - Consolidate artillery systems that are possessed by main combat units except for Hokkaido to newly established artillery units directly under each Army. * The GSDF will have approximately 159,000 personnel including 151,000 regular personnel, and 8,000 ready reserve personnel at the end of JFY2018. (MTDP) 12

13. UNCLASSIFIED Defense Procurement from U.S. (FY15-FY20) Significant Upcoming Defense Procurement from the US F-35A Lighting II F-15 Eagle Modernization KC-46 Pegasus (Aerial Refueling) E-767 AWACS Upgrade (Airborne Early Warning) E-2D Advanced Hawkeye (Airborne Early Warning) RQ-4 Global Hawk (ISR) BMD Capability AAV7 (Amphibious Assault Vehicle) V-22 Osprey Aegis System Total Defense Procurement from the US FMSDCS% of Total Foreign Procurement Remarks $1,411,393,000$29,344,702,930>90% DCS sales based on FY13 Section 655 report Represents export license authorizations to be fulfilled within four years. $26.9B represents technical assistance agreements supporting co-production 13

14. UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY/DISPLAY ONLY G-to-G Programs Support new acquisition programs: F-35 Lightning II (Joint Strike Fighter) MV-22 Osprey (Tilt Rotor) KC-46 Pegasus (Air Refueling) E-2D Hawkeye (Early Warning) RQ-4 Global Hawk (ISR*) *Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance 14

15. UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY/DISPLAY ONLY Support National Security Space Efforts: Space Situational Awareness, Maritime Domain Awareness, Hosted Payloads G-to-G Programs (continued) Continue to support Ballistic Missile Defense capability Patriot Aegis Support regional Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Response Capabilities 15 GPS on QZSS

16. UNCLASSIFIED Host Nation Strategic Outlook 16 1. Build a comprehensive defense architecture and a Dynamic Joint Defense Force (NSS) 2. Strengthen the Japan-US Alliance; Actively promote security cooperation (NSS) 3. Strengthen Diplomacy for Creating a Stable International Environment (NSS) 4. ISR capabilities (NDPG) 5. Intelligence capabilities (NDPG) 6. Transport capacity (NDPG) 7. Command and control, and information and communications capabilities (NDPG) 8. Response to an attack on remote islands (NDPG) 9. Response to ballistic missile attacks (NDPG) 10. Responses in outer space and cyberspace (NDPG) 11. Responses to major disasters, etc. (NDPG) 12. Responses focused on international peace cooperation activities and other similar activities (NDPG)

17. UNCLASSIFIED Host Nation Priorities (1/2) Strengthen ISR Capabilities * Enhancement of warning and surveillance capability including the Southwest region of Japan * Enhancement of information gathering, warning and surveillance capabilities in the waters surrounding Japan * Development of warning and observation systems along the border * Research for the introduction of high-altitude long endurance unmanned aircraft Respond to attacks on remote islets * Development of amphibious capability (AAV) * Enhancement of transportation capability and mobility for rapid deployment (MV-22) * Ensuring air superiority (F-35) * Ensuring sea superiority and safety of maritime transportation * Improvement of SDF posture in the southwest region of Japan Respond to Ballistic Missile and guerrilla attacks * Upgrade of Aegis ships’ capability * Acquisition of PAC-3 missiles * Japan-U.S. cooperative development of Advanced BMD Interceptor Missile (SM-3Block IIA) * Development of infrastructure for PAC-3 units deployment to Ichigaya Base * Conversion of Fixed Air Defense Radar (FPS-7) and addition of BMD function * Research study concerning future ballistic missile interception systems structure * Acquisition of 84mm recoilless rifles * Exercises related to Civil Protection Respond to cyber attacks * Improvement/enhancement of operational infrastructure * Development/enhancement of structure * Initiatives to develop human resources to address cyber attacks * Enhancement of partnerships with other countries and private enterprises Respond to large-scale natural disaster * Maintenance/enhancement of functions of military camps/bases to serve as hubs of disaster response * Implementation of exercises, etc. to respond to large-scale and unconventional disasters * Acquisition, etc. of equipment contributing to disaster response 17

18. UNCLASSIFIED Host Nation Priorities (2/2) Strengthen joint operations * Strengthening of command, control and communication functions * Acquire an air defense command and control system * Acquire a firing command and control system * Connect the firing command and control systems to MSDF’s command and control system * Implementation of Japan-U.S. bilateral joint exercise (Keen Sword) * Implementation of joint logistics exercise * SDF Joint Disaster Response Exercise Strengthen Intelligence capabilities * Strengthening of the Defense Attaché system in Africa, etc. * Establishment of the “Intelligence Research Office (provisional name)” at the Defense Intelligence Division, Bureau of Defense Policy * Enhancement of training of Defense Attaché candidates * Expansion of fundamental data development for geospatial intelligence * Enhancement of research on geospatial intelligence Promote use of outer space * Research for enhancement of C4ISR* capabilities using outer space * Use of satellite communication * Use of commercial imagery satellites * Use of meteorological satellite information * Send personnel to the U.S. Air Force Space Fundamentals Course * Response to ballistic missile attacks * Feasibility study for developing and maintaining Space Situational Awareness system * Research on FPS-5’s capabilities for detecting and tracking satellites * Research on satellite protection of MOD/SDF 18

19. UNCLASSIFIED Discussion V-22 Osprey disaster relief in Kumamoto earthquake Japan Air Show Japan International Aerospace Exhibition 12-15 Oct 2016, Tokyo ~850 exhibitors from 30+ countries 30,000 visitors from commercial, defense, and civil air and space industry, academia, and government DSCA, PACOM, SAF/IA, USFJ, etc. planned from DoD U.S. is expected to receive a significant amount of positive press across many media outlets www.japanaerospace.jp/eng Google: Japan aerospace 2016 19