1. A Land Tenure Module (LTM) for LSMS By Stein Holden, Daniel Ali, Klaus Deininger and Thea Hilhorst The 2016 World Bank Land and Poverty Conference: Scaling up Responsible Land Governance

2. Introduction There is a Lack of Reliable and Nationally Representative Land Tenure Data Why Land tenure data are important Fundamental input in food production Increasing land scarcity due to population growth ->migration Land values are growing and are important indicators of wealth Real estate and urban livelihoods: Growing in importance Good land governance requires good data Why Strengthening of property rights to land is important Tenure insecurity, incentives, conflicts, investments, growth, poverty reduction, equity…. Why Property markets are important Transfer of land to more efficient producers, efficient structural transformation, rental markets for poverty reduction, reduce capital constraints

3. Household Surveys Complement Other Data Doing Business & Enterprise Surveys Complementary to LSMS E.g. Assesses the time and costs to register commercial real estate, credit access and enforcement of contracts Administrative data Land registry data, court data Spatial information on land onwnership and use Impact Evaluation Good impact indicators from household surveys like LSMS

4. Analytical Issues where a LTM and LSMS data will be Important I Welfare impacts of land access and asset distribution Land transfers and structural transformation Tenure, land markets and land producivity Land-related investment, land use and planning Land and financial market development Land institutions: Knowledge, trust, tenure security, sources of insecurity, service demand, informality Land conflicts: Incidence and implications

5. Generic LTM questionnaire Comparable data across countries Nationally representative Selected standard components of high priority Starting point for local fine-tuning Link to LSMS or other household surveys Alternative versions: Short, standard, long Being programmed for CAPIs

6. The Standard LTM for LSMS Aims to proved reliable data on the most important land tenure issues Closely related to the Agricultural Module in LSMS-ISA surveys Land Parcel-based with detailed, reliable data collection at parcel level Measurement of areas where needed

7. Standard LTM: Components Parcel Roster Inheritance Non-agricultural land holdings Agricultural land holdings: Owned, rented, borrowed Land title or certificate information Investments on agricultural land Land rights on own and rented in land, knowledge of the law Land conflicts on non-agricultural and agricultural land Tenure security on non-agricultural and agricultural land

8. Extended LTM Feasibility? Components Parcel-plot disaggregation for more detailed plot level data collection Gender-disaggregation by ownership, responsibility, and decision-making Spatial & inter-temporal expansion

9. Operationalizing the LTM I Finetuning & feasibility: National LTM Local land tenure structure and policy Utilize earlier studies, land laws, Assess previous/existing LSMS or similar survey to link the LTM to: Gaps & overlaps Parcel-based versus commodity-based Customary tenure vs. Statutory law Complementary data collection Prototype development

10. Operationalizing the LTM II Pilot testing Programming for CAPIs Data quality Enumerator training Splitting of interviews Choice of respondents within households Timing of survey components CAPI programming and data checking

11. Conclusions There is a high need for nationally representative land tenure data A LTM for LSMS can be a cost-effective way to obtain such data The generic LTM developed can be adjusted to national ambition levels and circumstances There are large advantages from making it Parcel-based