1. S.E.Asia Unit Vocabulary

2. Learning Targets  I can discuss environmental issues across S.E. Asia.  I can analyze different economic systems.  I can explain how voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in S.E. Asia.  I can describe factors that influence economic growth and examine their presence or absence in India, China, and Japan.  I can analyze continuity and change in S.E. Asia leading to the 21 st century.

3. The Ganges River  India’s most important river  Begins in the Himalayan Mtns.  1600 Miles long  400 million people live along side  Known as “Mother Ganges” because of its importance.

4. Monsoon Season  A seasonal prevailing wind, lasting several months brining heavy rains.

5. Water-born diseases  Diseases found in drinking water

6. Ganges Action Plan  1985 Plan to try and clean up the Ganges River.

7. The Yangtze River  China’s longest River  Flows 4000 miles from N.W. part of the country to the East China Sea.  Passes thru 185 towns; 400 million people

8. Water Treatment Facilities  Process of removing contaminants from waste water

9. Three Gorge Dam  Built along the Yangtze River  Provides hydroelectric power to millions of Chinese people  The Dam now is a threat to the wildlife that lives along the Yangtze river.

10. India

11. Air Pollution  One of India’s most serious environmental problems.

12. Respiratory Diseases  Disease of the lungs, bronchial tubes, and trachea.

13. Automobile Emissions  Carbons and other chemicals that come from car’s engines. Are responsible for 70% of India’s air pollution.

14. Brown Clouds  A pollution that causes a haze. Which also reduces rainfall and temperatures.

15. China

16. China’s Energy Source  Much of China’s energy is provided by burning coal.  This process sends TONS of SOOT, ASH and CHEMICALS into the atmosphere.

17. Leading Cause of Death in China  Respiratory and Heart Diseases  Because of long exposure to the air pollution.

18. Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau  2008 Established to work on the quality of the city’s air. (Before the 2008 Olympics began)  Results: air traffic reduced, many factories temporarily closed therefore reducing pollution.

19. Acid Rain  Occurs when chemicals are in the air; is harmful to plants, animals, and even buildings.

20. S.E. Asia’s Climates

21. India  Many types of climates; snow and ice in the Mtns.; hot and dry plains in the central area; steamy tropical weather along the coast.  Climate is shaped by seasonal winds known as monsoons.

22. China  Has nearly every type of climate  Most of the people in China live in the areas of the country that have the milder climates.  Mtns. Cut the south of China off from India and the moisture that might come from the Indian Ocean.

23. Japan  Island nation  Climate affected by the ocean currents.  Currents bring warm water  Japan experiences monsoons rains and even tropical hurricanes called typhoons.

24. North Korea  Shares a border with China  Has short summers  Long cold winters  Land is mountainous/not as heavily populated.  Hardly any farming takes place

25. South Korea  Has fewer mountains  Milder climates  Warm winds come from the ocean  Larger population North Korea.  Most live in Seoul, largest city  Farming takes place here.

26. Vietnam  Warmer and tropical  Rich farmlands  90% worlds rice grows here.

27. Human Resources of S.E. Asia

28. India  Half of population still works in agriculture  Farmers/raising animals  Most farms are still small  Traditional economy  Green Revolution: which is a project aimed at helping farmers use modern methods and technologies to improve crop production.  World’s top 10 industrial nations.  People are well educated

29. China  1/4 of world’s population live in China  Most of China’s economic decisions are made by the government so they tell the people what type of training they will do and type of work.  Four Modernizations: effort to improve all aspects of Chinese production including farming, military defense, heavy and light industry, and scientific and technical research and production.  Special Economic Zones were established along the eastern coast of China to act as trade centers for global trade.

30. China  GDP for China grows 8% every year because of the changes made to the economy.  U.S. imports about 20% of the goods produced in China for foreign sale today.  Chinese people have benefited from earning more money and having better training and education.

31. North Korea  Military is REQUIRED!

32. Japan  One of the most powerful industrial nations in the WORLD!  Achieved this status after WWII (Pearl Harbor)  Greatest resource here: THE PEOPLE!  People are the most HIGHLY EDUCATED IN THE WORLD!  Literacy rate in Japan is 99%!  1/3 population go to college.  Solid work ethic is part of their culture.

33. Capital Resources of S.E. Asia

34. India  Heavily invested in factories, modern machinery, and advanced technology.  Green Revolution the reason for the widely use of agricultural techniques.  Home to most advanced communications and computer technology in that part of the world.

35. China  Same experience as India in terms of growth, however, China’s government has more control over spending and planning in both agriculture and industry.  China’s Four Modernizations program is a clear example of government decisions to increase a country’s investment in capital goods.  Special Economic Zones created places in China that were convenient for foreign trade so the goods produced could find foreign buyers.

36. Japan  Has few natural resources therefore, nearly all of Japan’s GDP comes from industry and services.  Technology and up-to-date training in the uses of technology are essential to Japans economy.  Japan leads the world in the use of robotics.  Continuing investment in capital goods makes Japan a world leader in industrial production.

37. Natural Resources of S.E. Asia  India: coal  China: coal  Japan: fish/industries and trade of their products  North Korea: coal and iron

38. Economic Systems Of S.E. Asia

39. 39 The Economy of China  Originally a command economy. The government had control over nearly all of the major parts of the economy, including large industries, and banks. The government also made decisions about what to be produced, what goods would cost and what the workers were to be paid.

40. Zedong  Leader of the Chinese Revolution, chairman of the Chinese Communist Party and he ruled China until is death in 1976. He also created several programs to help boost China’s economy.

41. Collective Farms  Where people worked together and shared whatever they produced.

42. Great Leap Forward  Name given to China’s attempt in the 1950’s to reorganize its economy.

43. Cultural Revolution  A name given to China’s attempt in the 1960’s to improve its economy by reorganizing its farms, businesses and most of society.

44. Four Modernizations  A name given to China’s attempt in the 1970’s to reorganize its economy. Created by Deng Xiaoping.

45. Special Economic Zones  A name given to those areas that were set up along the coastal areas to try to encourage foreign companies to do business with China.

46. India  A blend of traditional activities and modern ones.  Half of India’s population still works in agriculture, many using farming techniques that have not changed for centuries.  Rice and wheat are the leading agricultural products in India.

47. Green Revolution  India’s government attempt to try and modernize Indian agriculture.  They introduced new types of seeds and grains and fertilizers and pesticides.

48. Bollywood Films  India now leads the countries in this region for growth in technology and service industries.  There is a booming electronic industry.  Bollywood Films is their version of Hollywood film industry.

49. Japan  Has one of the most technology advanced economies of the world! Only the U.S. and China have economies that are more productive. (China is ahead of Japan only because of the size of the country.)  Their government has a close and cooperative relationship with major industries in Japan and their citizens have strong work ethics.  Little time is spent on the military (restriction placed due to Pearl Harbor.)

50. Japan  Japan has very little farmland and few natural resources.  1/3 of the energy is supplied by nuclear power plants.  Has largest fishing industry because much of their food must be imported so the sea is a valuable resource for the Japanese.

51. Arable land/Terraces  Arable land: suitable for farming  Terraces: carved out of the hillsides  The government often buys up farm goods to keep the prices high enough for farmers to make a profit.  Japan does not let foreign countries sell certain farms products in Japan.  The MITI help companies decide what products will sell best on the global market.

52. MITI  The company that helps businesses decide what products will sell best on the global market.

53. North Korea  Makes all economic decisions; owns all the land and the factories.  Least open and most government directed economies in the world.  Premier Kim Jong-un has the power.

54. Kim Jong-un  Korea’s leader (president)

55. Cooperatives  Farms that are own and operated by the government.  Agriculture in North Korea does not produce enough food to feed the population. People are starving!

56. Mineral Resources  Kim Jong-un has tried to build up their economy. There are some natural resources: coal and iron.  Production of steel and machinery are the leading industries in this country.  Country is also working to create nuclear power plants.  Country spends millions on their military rather than investing the money in other aspects of their economy.

57. Trading in S.E. Asia

58. Specialize  Goods and services a country can produce the best of.

59. Self-sufficient  Produce all the goods and services it needs.

60. Trade Barriers  Anything that slows down or prevents one country from exchanging goods with another.

61. Tariff  A tax placed on goods when they are brought into (imported) from one country to another country.

62. Imported  Brought in from another country.

63. Quota  A different way of limiting the amount of foreign goods that can come into a country. A specific a limit.

64. Protective Tariff  A tax placed on goods coming from another country.

65. Embargo  A trade barrier in which one country announces that it will no longer trade with another country in order to isolate and cause problems with that country’s economy.(A ban)

66. Three Types of Resources in S.E. Asia

67. Human Capital  Knowledge and skills that make it possible for workers to earn a living producing goods or services.

68. India  50% still work in agriculture (farming)  Raising animals  Most farms are very small  Traditional economy  Rich in traditional arts history, largest film industry in the world.  Middle class growing rapidly.

69. China  Human capital very important.  1/4 people on earth live in China.  Government makes investment in training and technology.  Private business decisions are still being made.  Four Modernizations.  Special economic Zones

70. Japan  Most powerful industrial nations in the world.  Literacy rate is 99%  Most complete high school  1/3 go on to college  Most stay with the companies they work with their entire careers.  Companies provide health insurance, recreational programs and financial help.  MITI keeps track of their economy.

71. Capital Goods  Factories, machines, technology that people use to make products to sell.

72. India  Invested heavily in the factories, modern machinery and advanced technology that make up what is known as capital goods.  Green Revolution.

73. China  Same experiences as India in terms of rapid growth and change in recent years.  China’s government has more control over spending and planning in both agriculture and industry.  Four Modernizations.  Special Economic Zones  Modern equipment and technology, agriculture, industry and military.

74. Japan  Nearly all of their GDP comes from industry and services.  Technology and up-to-date training in the uses of technology are essential for the Japanese economy.  Leads the world in use of robotics.

75. Natural Resources  Resources produced by nature.

76. India  Coal

77. China

78. Japan  No natural resource (fishing industry)

79. 79 North Korea  Iron and coal

80. Entrepreneurs  Creative, original thinkers who are willing to take risks to create new businesses and products. They think of new ways to combine productive resources.

81. Productive Resources  The use of natural, human and capital resources to produce goods and services.

82. India  Has some of the world’s largest and most successful companies were founded by Indian entrepreneurs.  Also a land of smaller entrepreneurs known as micro-credit industry.

83. Micro-credit industry  The extension of very small loans to the unemployed and others living in poverty that are not considered a good financial risk.

84. China  Entrepreneurship is relatively new because of the Chinese government only allows individual business owners since the late 1970’s.  China has now as many as 100 people who qualify to be billionaires.  Today, China can never go back to the old command economy if it is to be competitive in the modern global marketplace.

85. Japan  Land of entrepreneurs.  The need for businesses development, the availability of good education, and the Japanese work ethics have combined to make Japan an ideal place for someone who has a good idea and the energy to see if it can work.