1. Eshley May Pacamalan, BSN, RN

2.   Self-efficacy (SE): Judgments about an individual’s own personal ability to accomplish a certain task  Outcome expectation (OE): Judgments about what will result following a successfully completed task (Resnick, 2014)  The Theory of Self-Efficacy suggests that the stronger the person’s SE and OE, the more likely that he or she will initiate and continue on with a given activity. (Resnick et al., 2012) Concepts

3.   “A philosophy of care that focuses on evaluating the older adult’s underlying capability with regard to functional and physical activity and helping him or her to optimize and maintain abilities and continually increase time spent in physical activity.” (Resnick, 2014)  The Theory of Self-Efficacy can be used to guide interventions that will strengthen SE and OE in older adults, increasing the likelihood that caregivers will implement FFC and clients will engage in functional tasks and physical activity. (Resnick et al., 2012) Function-Focused Care (FFC)

4.   Assessment  Environment  Considering bed and chair height  Observing for clutter  Developing safe outdoor/indoor walking paths  Providing pleasant destination sites  Placing signs to indicate where walking paths are  Putting up handrails  Policy  Evaluating disclosure statements, philosophy statements, resident plans of care, and interdisciplinary care plans to allow optimal functioning and physical activity. (Resnick et al., 2012) Implementing the Four Components of FFC in Nursing Practice

5.   Education  Teaching nursing staff, other healthcare professionals, residents, and families about FFC with the incorporation of self-efficacy  Providing verbal encouragement  Eliminating unpleasant sensations  Cueing with role-modeling  Actually performing skills and activities (Resnick, 2014) Implementing the Four Components of FFC in Nursing Practice

6.   Establishing Function-Focused Care Goals  Determining whether the individual has the capability to perform the skill  Using the Function-Focused Capability Assessment form  Developing individualized goals based upon assessment and input from healthcare team members (Resnick et al., 2012) Implementing the Four Components of FFC in Nursing Practice

7.   Motivating and Mentoring  Applicable to the caregivers and the residents  Identifying a champion to provide verbal encouragement, support, acknowledgment, and positive reinforcement  Mentoring caregivers on ways to incorporate FFC in daily care  Addressing caregivers’ experiences with providing FFC  Reinforcing the advantages of FFC to improve OE (Resnick, 2014) Implementing the Four Components of FFC in Nursing Practice

8.   Resnick, B., Boltz, M., Galik, E., & Pretzer-Aboff, I. (2012). Restorative care nursing for older adults. New York: Springer Publishing Company.  Resnick, B. (2014). The theory of self-efficacy. In M.J. Smith and P.R. Liehr (eds). Middle range theory for nursing. (3rd Ed) New York: Springer Publishing Company. References